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<identifier>oai:HAL:hal-01467827v1</identifier>
<datestamp>2018-01-11</datestamp>
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<title lang=en>Macroscopic strength of oceanic lithosphere revealed by ubiquitous fracture-zone instabilities</title>
<creator>CADIO, Cecilia</creator>
<creator>Korenaga, Jun</creator>
<contributor>Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Risques ; Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Yale University</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 0012-821X</source>
<source>Earth and Planetary Science Letters</source>
<publisher>Elsevier</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01467827</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01467827</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01467827</source>
<source>Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2016, 449, pp.295-301. 〈10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.027〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.027</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.027</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>plate tectonics</subject>
<subject lang=en>upper mantle rheology</subject>
<subject lang=en>convective instabilities</subject>
<subject lang=en>geoid anomalies</subject>
<subject>[SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>The origin of plate tectonics is one of the most fundamental issues in earth and planetary sciences. Laboratory experiments indicate that the viscosity of silicate rocks is so strongly temperature-dependent that the entire surface of the Earth should be one immobile rigid plate. The rheology of oceanic lithosphere is, however, still poorly understood, and there exist few constraints on the temperature dependency of viscosity on the field scale. Here we report a new kind of observational constraint based on the geoid along oceanic fracture zones. We identify a large number of conspicuous small-scale geoid anomalies, which cannot be explained by the standard evolution model of oceanic lithosphere, and estimate their source density perturbations using a new Bayesian inversion method. Our results suggest that they are caused most likely by small-scale convection involving temperature perturbations of ∼300 K±100 K∼300 K±100 K. Such thermal contrast requires the activation energy of mantle viscosity to be as low as View the MathML source100±50 kJmol−1 in case of diffusion creep, and View the MathML source225±112 kJmol−1 in case of dislocation creep, substantially reducing the thickness of the stiffest part of oceanic lithosphere. Oceanic lithosphere may thus be broken and bent much more easily than previously thought, facilitating the operation of plate tectonics.</description>
<date>2016-09-01</date>
</dc>
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