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<title lang=en>Numerical modelling of the upper-mantle anisotropy beneath a migrating strike-slip plate boundary: the San Andreas Fault system</title>
<creator>Bonnin, Mickaël</creator>
<creator>Tommasi, Andréa</creator>
<creator>Hassani, Riad</creator>
<creator>Chevrot, Sébastien</creator>
<creator>Wookey, James</creator>
<creator>Barruol, Guilhem</creator>
<contributor>Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Géoazur (GEOAZUR) ; Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS) ; Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)</contributor>
<contributor>Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (DTP) ; Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 (UPS) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>University of Bristol [Bristol]</contributor>
<contributor>Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - IPG PARIS - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université de la Réunion (UR) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire GéoSciences Réunion (LGSR) ; Université de la Réunion (UR) - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 0956-540X</source>
<source>EISSN: 1365-246X</source>
<source>Geophysical Journal International</source>
<publisher>Oxford University Press (OUP)</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01236150</identifier>
<identifier>http://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01236150</identifier>
<identifier>http://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01236150/document</identifier>
<identifier>http://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01236150/file/Bonnin_San_Andreas_modelling_GJI2012.pdf</identifier>
<source>http://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01236150</source>
<source>Geophysical Journal International, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2012, 〈10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05650.x〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05650.x</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05650.x</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>strike-slip and transform</subject>
<subject lang=en>Continental tectonics</subject>
<subject lang=en>Seismic anisotropy</subject>
<subject lang=en>Rheology</subject>
<subject lang=en>North America</subject>
<subject lang=en>Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle</subject>
<subject lang=en>mantle</subject>
<subject>[SDU.STU.GP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>We performed forward modelling of seismic anisotropy beneath a migrating strike-slip plate boundary to: (1) test if such a geodynamic context might explain teleseismic shear wave splitting data in the vicinity of the central part of the San Andreas Fault and (2) constrain the power of such data to unravel vertical and lateral variations in deformation patterns in the upper mantle. The modelling involves five steps: (1) thermomechanical modelling, using a finite-element code, of the deformation field, (2) viscoplastic self-consistent modelling of the resulting olivine and pyroxene crystal preferred orientations, (3) calculation of the elasticity tensors for different domains of the finite elements (FEs) model, (4) forward modelling of seismic wave propagation through the model using ray theory, finite-frequency theory and a full-wave approach and (5) performing splitting measurements on the synthetic seismograms. SKS splitting data in central California are best fitted by a model with a hotter geotherm within 60 km of the plate boundary accounting for the opening of an asthenospheric window due to the northward migration of the Mendocino Triple Junction. The westward motion of the plate boundary cannot however explain the rotation of fast polarization directions east of the San Andreas Fault in central California. Comparison between modelled and measured individual shear wave splitting also implies that the homogeneity of the two-layer models accounting for the observations in the vicinity of the San Andreas Fault indicates a sharp transition between lithospheric and asthenospheric deformations beneath this plate boundary. The ability of different synthetic approaches to localize horizontally and vertically the plate boundary-related deformation differs significantly. Splitting in ray theory synthetics closely follow variations in olivine crystallographic preferred orientations in the model. In contrast, splitting analysis on full-wave synthetics, which should be more representative of actual long-period SKS waves, results in smooth apparent lateral variations of anisotropy; the exact location and width of the plate boundary may only be retrieved by comparing fast-polarization profiles obtained using a multichannel analysis on waves with different periods.</description>
<date>2012</date>
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