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<datestamp>2018-01-11</datestamp>
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<publisher>HAL CCSD</publisher>
<title lang=en>Nephelinite lavas at early stage of rift initiation (Hanang volcano, North Tanzanian Divergence)</title>
<creator>BAUDOUIN, Celine</creator>
<creator>Parat, Fleurice</creator>
<creator>DENIS, Carole</creator>
<creator>Mangasini, Fredrik</creator>
<contributor>Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Manteau et Interfaces ; Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>University of Dar Es Salaam</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 0010-7999</source>
<source>EISSN: 1432-0967</source>
<source>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology</source>
<publisher>Springer Verlag</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01467390</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01467390</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01467390</source>
<source>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Springer Verlag, 2016, 171 (7), pp.64. 〈10.1007/s00410-016-1273-5〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1007/s00410-016-1273-5</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00410-016-1273-5</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>Nephelinite</subject>
<subject lang=en>Carbonatite</subject>
<subject lang=en>Liquid immiscibility</subject>
<subject lang=en>Rift initiation</subject>
<subject lang=en>Hanang</subject>
<subject lang=en>Tanzania</subject>
<subject lang=en>East African Rift</subject>
<subject>[SDU.STU.PE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>North Tanzanian Divergence is the first stage of continental break-up of East African Rift (<6 Ma) and is one of the most concentrated areas of carbonatite magmatism on Earth, with singular Oldoinyo Lengai and Kerimasi volcanoes. Hanang volcano is the southernmost volcano in the North Tanzanian Divergence and the earliest stage of rift initiation. Hanang volcano erupted silica-undersaturated alkaline lavas with zoned clinopyroxene, nepheline, andradite-schorlomite, titanite, apatite, and pyrrhotite. Lavas are low MgO-nephelinite with low Mg# and high silica content (Mg# = 22.4–35.2, SiO2 = 44.2–46.7 wt%, respectively), high incompatible element concentrations (e.g. REE, Ba, Sr) and display Nb–Ta fractionation (Nb/Ta = 36–61). Major elements of whole rock are consistent with magmatic differentiation by fractional crystallization from a parental melt with melilititic composition. Although fractional crystallization occurred at 9–12 km and can be considered as an important process leading to nephelinite magma, the complex zonation of cpx (e.g. abrupt change of Mg#, Nb/Ta, and H2O) and trace element patterns of nephelinites recorded magmatic differentiation involving open system with carbonate–silicate immiscibility and primary melilititic melt replenishment. The low water content of clinopyroxene (3–25 ppm wt. H2O) indicates that at least 0.3 wt% H2O was present at depth during carbonate-rich nephelinite crystallization at 340–640 MPa and 1050–1100 °C. Mg-poor nephelinites from Hanang represent an early stage of the evolution path towards carbonatitic magmatism as observed in Oldoinyo Lengai. Paragenesis and geochemistry of Hanang nephelinites require the presence of CO2-rich melilititic liquid in the southern part of North Tanzanian Divergence and carbonate-rich melt percolations after deep partial melting of CO2-rich oxidized mantle source.</description>
<date>2016-07</date>
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