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<title lang=en>Contribution of cellulose to the moisture-dependent elastic behaviour of wood</title>
<creator>Almeras, Tancrède</creator>
<creator>Gronvold, Arthur</creator>
<creator>Van Der Lee, Arie</creator>
<creator>Clair, Bruno</creator>
<creator>Montero, Cédric</creator>
<contributor>Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC) ; Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Bois (BOIS) ; Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC) ; Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Institut Européen des membranes (IEM) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM) - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2) - Université de Montpellier (UM)</contributor>
<contributor>Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - AgroParisTech - Université de Guyane (UG) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 0266-3538</source>
<source>Composites Science and Technology</source>
<publisher>Elsevier</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01425031</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01425031</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01425031/document</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01425031/file/Art_Almeras_al_Contribution_cellulose_moisture-dependent_elastic_behavior_2017.pdf</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01425031</source>
<source>Composites Science and Technology, Elsevier, 2017, 138, pp.151-160. 〈10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.11.025 〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.11.025 </identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.11.025 </relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en> crystal strain</subject>
<subject lang=en> X-ray diffraction</subject>
<subject lang=en> micromechanics</subject>
<subject lang=en>cellulose</subject>
<subject>[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials</subject>
<subject>[SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]</subject>
<subject>[SPI.MECA.SOLID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the solides [physics.class-ph]</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>Wood has a hierarchical structure involving several levels of organisation. The stiffness of wood relies on its capacity to transfer mechanical stress to its stiffest element at the lowest scale, namely crystalline cellulose. This study aims at quantifying to what extend crystalline cellulose contributes to wood stiffness depending on its moisture content. The crystal strains of cellulose were measured using X-ray diffraction on wet and dry specimens of spruce, based on a previously published methodology. The comparison between crystal strain and macroscopic strain shows that, during elastic loading, cellulose strain is lower than macroscopic strain. The means ratio of crystal/macroscopic strain amounts 0.85 for dry specimens and 0.64 for wet specimens. This strain ratio cannot be explained just by the projection effect due to the difference in orientation between cellulose microfibrils and cell wall, but results from deformation mechanisms in series with cellulose. Analysis shows that this series contribution represents a non-negligible contribution to wood compliance and is strongly moisture-dependent. This contribution amounts 9% for dry specimens and 33% for wet specimens, corresponding to a 4-fold increase in compliance for the series contribution. The origin of these strains is ascribed to mechanisms involving bending or shear strain at different scales, due to the fact that reinforcing element are neither perfectly straight nor infinitely long.</description>
<date>2017-01-18</date>
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