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<identifier>oai:HAL:hal-01163459v1</identifier>
<datestamp>2017-12-21</datestamp>
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<metadata><dc>
<publisher>HAL CCSD</publisher>
<title lang=en>The Effect of Time of Day on Cold Water Ingestion by High-Level Swimmers in a Tropical Climate</title>
<creator>Hue, Olivier</creator>
<creator>Monjo, Roland</creator>
<creator>Lazzaro, Marc</creator>
<creator>Baillot, Michelle</creator>
<creator>Hellard, Philippe</creator>
<creator>Marlin, Laurent</creator>
<creator>Jean-Etienne, A</creator>
<contributor>Adaptations au Climat Tropical, Exercice et Santé (ACTES) ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)</contributor>
<contributor>Research Service, French Swimming Federation, Paris, France ; Research Service, French Swimming Federation, Paris, France</contributor>
<contributor>Fédération Française de Natation</contributor>
<contributor>Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 1555-0265</source>
<source>International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance</source>
<publisher>Human Kinetics</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01163459</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01163459</identifier>
<source>https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01163459</source>
<source>International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Human Kinetics, 2013, 8 (4), pp.442-451</source>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>training prescription</subject>
<subject lang=en>performance</subject>
<subject lang=en>endurance</subject>
<subject lang=en>thermoregulation</subject>
<subject lang=en>acclimation</subject>
<subject>[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>The authors tested the effect of cold water ingestion during high-intensity training in the morning vs the evening on both core temperature (T C) and thermal perceptions of internationally ranked long-distance swimmers during a training period in a tropical climate. Nine internationally ranked long-distance swimmers (5 men and 4 women) performed 4 randomized training sessions (2 in the evening and 2 in the morning) with 2 randomized beverages with different temperatures for 3 consecutive days. After a standardized warm-up of 1000 m, the subjects performed a standardized training session that consisted of 10 × 100 m (start every 1′20″) at a fixed velocity. The swimmers were then followed for the next 3000 m of the training schedule. Heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored during the 10 × 100 m, whereas T C , thermal comfort, and thermal sensation (TS) were measured before and after each 1000-m session. Before and after each 1000 m, the swimmers were asked to drink 190 mL of neutral (26.5 ± 2.5°C) or cold (1.3 ± 0.3°C) water packaged in standardized bottles. Results demonstrated that cold water ingestion induced a significant effect on T C , with a pronounced decrease in the evening, resulting in significantly lower mean T C and lower mean delta T C in evening cold (EC) than in evening neutral (EN), concomitant with significantly lower TS in EC than in EN and a significant effect on exercise HR. Moreover, although T C increased significantly with time in MN, MC, and EN, T C was stabilized during exercise in EC. To conclude, we demonstrate that a cold beverage had a significant effect on T C , TS, and HR during training in high-level swimmers in a tropical climate, especially during evening training.</description>
<date>2013</date>
</dc>
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