Development of phytotoxicity bioassay for soil amendment products from organic waste recycling Auteur(s) : Lopez, Francis Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : University of West Indies, Barbados Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS Description : A germination bioassay was developed to screen for potential phytotoxicity of soil amendment products from organic waste recycling. In phase 1 of the study, nine soil amendment products were applied as mulches on 3- to 5-week-old tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.HA3019?) planted in 4L pots. Plant growth was reduced by the less mature mulch materials. Using lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.New Red Fire?) as the test species, a laboratory germination test was developed in phase 2 with aqueous extracts from a non-phytotoxic (safe) and a phytotoxic product identified in phase 1. Extracts were obtained by soaking 10g of air-dried product in 90 mL distilled water for 24h at 25°C. Diluted extracts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) were applied to lettuce seeds sown on filter paper in petri-dishes and germination was monitored for 5 days, confirming the results from phase 1. In phase 3, the bioassay developed in phase 2 was used to test three previously untested local products and one imported product. Two of the local products were comparable to the imported product. Results obtained in phase 3 were confirmed using the mulch test as described in phase 1. Hence, the germination bioassay can be a useful tool for quality control in the production of(safe) soil amendment products from organic waste recycling. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16302 | Partager |
Mulching effects of fresh Sargassum Seaweed on soil properties and plant growth Auteur(s) : Lopez, Francis Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation University of West Indies, Barbados Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS Description : Mulch application of Sargassum seaweed (Sargassum spp.) to soil can help to reduce beach contamination in the Caribbean Region while providing beneficial horticultural effects. This study investigated the effects of fresh Sargassum mulch on soil properties and plant growth in a test crop of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. â? ? HA 3019â? TM). Fresh Sargassum material (washed and unwashed) was applied as mulches (0, 5 and 8cm thick) to small field plots one week after transplanting of 3-week-old seedlings. The mulch material was raked away from the plots after three weeks exposure. Observations on soil moisture, electrical conductivity, pH and biological activity, and plant growth were made at 1 to 2-week intervals over a 6-week period with additional soil measurements after 10 weeks. Soil biological activity (respiration) was increased by the Sargassum mulch with values being similar for the 5cm and 8cm mulch layers. Soil moisture content, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were increased as the mulch layer increased and EC values were only marginally reduced by Sargassum washing. An increase in plant growth compared to the control treatment was noted only in the washed Sargassum treatments. Potential benefits of Sargassum seaweed mulches on soil properties and plant growth can be nullified due to soil salinization effects. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16269 | Partager |
Potential for use of Sargasum Mulch in Swee Potato production Auteur(s) : Veira, Andréa K. Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : University of West Indies, Barbados Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS Description : Practical uses for Sargassum are sought regionally as our coastlines continue to be flooded by sargassum blooms floating ashore. This study investigated the potential benefits of Sargassum (Sargassum spp.) mulch in sweet potato production at Golden Ridge, St. George, Barbados, during a drought period (November 2015-March 2016). Treatment consisted of combinations of two cultivars of sweet potato (?E? and ?CBS 32?, main-plots) and washed/unwashed Sargassum mulches (sub-plots) of different ages (approximately 4 weeks old and fresh, sub-sub-plots) with four replications. Sargassum mulch was applied to the furrows of plots (6m2) four weeks after planting at a rate of 10 t ha-1 and yield, growth and soil parameters were monitored at periodic intervals. Yield (t ha-1) was highest for the 4-weeks old Sargassum mulch treatment, and the number of marketable tubers was highest for the unwashed 4-weeks old Sargassum treatment. The number of tubers with Euscepes postfaciatus (Scarabee) pest damage was decreased by the Sargassum mulch treatments especially for the 4-weeks old unwashed Sargassum. Vine growth was taller for cultivar ?E? and for the washed Sargassum treatments. Chlorophyll indices were higher in ?CBS 32? than in cultivar ?E? and were lower in Sargassum treated plots. Moisture content in the top 10cm of soil was consistently low and greater in plots of cultivar ?E? than in those of ?CBS 32?. There appears to be some potential for the use of aged Sargassum mulches for improving growth, pest management and yields of sweet potato and further investigations are needed. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16270 | Partager |