Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999 15-19 octobre 1999
Résumé : Payao is a traditional concept, which has been successfully commercialized to increase the landings of several species valuable to the country's export and local industries. It has become one of the most important developments in pelagic fishing that significantly contributed to increased tuna production and expansion of purse seine and other fishing gears. The introduction of the payao in tuna fishing in 1975 triggered the rapid development of the tuna and small pelagic fishery. With limited management schemes and strategies, however, unstable tuna and tuna-like species production was experienced in the 1980s and 1990s. In this paper, the evolution and development of the payao with emphasis on the technological aspect are reviewed. The present practices and techniques of payao in various parts of the country, including its structure, ownership, distribution, and fishing operations are discussed. Monitoring results of purse seine/ringnet operations including handline using payao in Celebes Sea and Western Luzon are presented to compare fishing styles and techniques, payao designs and species caught. The fishing gears in various regions of the country for harvesting payao are enumerated and discussed. The inshore and offshore payaos in terms of sea depth, location, designs, fishing methods and catch composition are also compared. Fishing companies and fisherfolk associations involved in payao operation are presented to determine extent of utilization and involvement in the municipal and commercial sectors of the fishing industry. The issues and problems concerning the use of payao, and its biological, economic impact as well as management aspect are presented. Recommendations are given for future research and actions.

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15284/12670.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15284/

Résumé : In the aim of diversification for small fisheries, a survey has been conducted in 2000 by the Regional Fisheries Committee and the French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer) between 200 and 600 m deep, in the West of Reunion Island. Potential commercial fish stocks have been found out. Numerous professional and recreational fishermen have bought equipment in order to exploit this resource (electric winches). But deep demersal fish is a fragile resource due mainly to low growth and late sexual maturation. Face to this increasing pressure upon a fragile resource, a new survey has been carried out by Ifremer in 2011, with use of the same fishing sites, material and method than in 2000. Results displayed in this report are compared to those of 2000. It turned out that yields of commercial species have decreased in an alarming way (over 90%) together with the fish sizes, data which exhibit a stock overfishing. The only catches of the non commercial species (small squale "Zépine" Squalus megalops) appear comparable to 2000. This survey has now to be confirmed all around Reunion Island.
Dans la perspective de diversifier la petite pêche réunionnaise, une campagne de prospection a été réalisée en 2000 par le Comité Régional des Pêches Maritimes (CRPM) et l'Institut Français de Recherche pour L'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer) sur des fonds de 200 à 600 m, dans l'ouest de l'île de La Réunion. Elle a montré l'existence de stocks commercialement intéressants. De nombreux pêcheurs, professionnels et plaisanciers se sont équipés en moulinets électriques pour exploiter ces ressources. Cependant les poissons démersaux profonds représentent une ressource fragile du fait, notamment, de leur croissance lente et de leur reproduction tardive. Face à cette augmentation de la pression de pêche sur une ressource fragile, une nouvelle campagne expérimentale a été menée en 2011 par l'Ifremer, en utilisant les mêmes sites de pêche, le même matériel et la même méthodologie qu’en 2000. Les résultats présentés dans ce rapport sont comparés avec ceux de la campagne de 2000. Il s’avère que les rendements en espèces commerciales ont diminué de façon très nette (plus de 90%) ainsi que la taille des poissons capturés, données caractéristiques d'une surexploitation des stocks. Seules les captures de requins zépines (Squalus megalops) non commercialisées à La Réunion restent comparables à celles de 2000. Il convient maintenant de valider ces résultats tout autour de l'île de La Réunion.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16100/13643.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16100/