Manioc : Portail | resultats 81 - 100 pour la recherche: Joe, Da Costa

Flora brasiliensis : enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas. Volumen XIII, Pars I
Auteur(s) : Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von (1794-1868) Eichler, August Wilhelm (1837-1887) Masters, Maxwell Tylden (1833-1907)
Année de publication :

| Plus

Voyage pittoresque dans les deux Amériques : résumé général de tous les voyages
Auteur(s) : Orbigny, Alcide d' (1802-1857)
Auteurs secondaires : Sainson
Année de publication :

| Plus

Flora brasiliensis : enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas. Volumen V Pars I
Auteur(s) : Meisner, Karl Friedrich (1800-1874) Candolle, Alphonse de (1806-1893) Fenzl, Eduard (1808-1879) Seubert, Moritz (1818-1878)
Auteurs secondaires : Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp von (1794-1868) Eichler, August Wilhelm (1837-1887)
Année de publication :

| Plus

Frontières entre le Brésil et la Guyane française : Second mémoire présenté par les Etats unis du Brésil au gouvernement de la Confédération suisse, arbitre choisi selon les stipulations du traité conclu à Rio-de-Janeiro, le 10 avril 1897 entre le Brésil et la France. Tome IV, Documents, texte original des documents traduits dans les tomes II et III
Année de publication :

| Plus

The history, civil and commercial, of the British colonies in the West Indies. Volume II
Auteur(s) : Edwards, Bryan (1743-1800)
Année de publication :

| Plus

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.
Auteur(s) : Klionsky, Daniel J Abdalla, Fabio C Abeliovich, Hagai Abraham, Robert T Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham Adeli, Khosrow Agholme, Lotta Agnello, Maria
Auteurs secondaires : Molecular and Cellular Biology ; University of Leuven Laboratoire d'Epigénétique et Cancer ; CNRS - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) Department of Pharmacology ; Department of Pharmacology Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques ; INSERM - Institut Pasteur de Paris Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST) ; CNRS - Université de Franche-Comté - Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard - Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques Telethon Institute for Genetics and Medicine ; Telethon Institute Medical Genetics ; Federico II University Department of Molecular and Human Genetics ; Baylor College of Medicine

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490

| Plus