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<title lang=en>Tectonic structure, lithology, and hydrothermal signature of the Rainbow massif (Mid-Atlantic Ridge 36°14'N)</title>
<creator>Andreani, Muriel</creator>
<creator>Escartin, Javier</creator>
<creator>Delacour, Adelie</creator>
<creator>Ildefonse, Benoit</creator>
<creator>Godard, Marguerite</creator>
<creator>Dyment, Jerome</creator>
<creator>Fallick, Anthony E.</creator>
<creator>Fouquet, Yves</creator>
<contributor>Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)</contributor>
<contributor>Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - IPG PARIS - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université de la Réunion (UR) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) ; Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Manteau et Interfaces ; Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Glasgow</contributor>
<contributor>IFREMER - Centre de Brest ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 1525-2027</source>
<source>EISSN: 1525-2027</source>
<source>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</source>
<publisher>AGU and the Geochemical Society</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01115281</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115281</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115281/document</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115281/file/Andreani_et_al-2014-Geochemistry%2C_Geophysics%2C_Geosystems.pdf</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115281</source>
<source>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, AGU and the Geochemical Society, 2014, 15 (9), pp.3543-3571. 〈10.1002/2014GC005269〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1002/2014GC005269</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2014GC005269</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>Atlantic ridge</subject>
<subject lang=en>rainbow</subject>
<subject lang=en>hydrothermal</subject>
<subject lang=en>serpentinization</subject>
<subject>[SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>Rainbow is a dome-shaped massif at the 36°14′N nontransform offset along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It hosts three ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal sites: Rainbow is active and high temperature; Clamstone and Ghost City are fossil and low temperature. The MoMARDREAM cruises (2007, 2008) presented here provided extensive rock sampling throughout the massif that constrains the geological setting of hydrothermal activity. The lithology is heterogeneous with abundant serpentinites surrounding gabbros, troctolites, chromitites, plagiogranites, and basalts. We propose that a W dipping detachment fault, now inactive, uplifted the massif and exhumed these deep-seated rocks. Present-day deformation is accommodated by SSW-NNE faults and fissures, consistent with oblique teleseismic focal mechanisms and stress rotation across the discontinuity. Faults localize fluid flow and control the location of fossil and active hydrothermal fields that appear to be ephemeral and lacking in spatiotemporal progression. Markers of high-temperature hydrothermal activity (∼350°C) are restricted to some samples from the active field while a more diffuse, lower temperature hydrothermal activity (<220°C) is inferred at various locations through anomalously high As, Sb, and Pb contents, attributed to element incorporation in serpentines or microscale-sulfide precipitation. Petrographic and geochemical analyses show that the dominant basement alteration is pervasive peridotite serpentinization at ∼160–260°C, attributed to fluids chemically similar to those venting at Rainbow, and controlled by concomitant alteration of mafic-ultramafic units at depth. Rainbow provides a model for fluid circulation, possibly applicable to hydrothermalism at oceanic detachments elsewhere, where both low-temperature serpentinization and magmatic-driven high-temperature outflow develop contemporaneously, channeled by faults in the footwall and not along the detachment fault.</description>
<date>2014-09</date>
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