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<title lang=en>Evolutionary Dynamics in the Southwest Indian Ocean Marine Biodiversity Hotspot: A Perspective from the Rocky Shore Gastropod Genus Nerita</title>
<creator>Postaire, Bautisse</creator>
<creator>Bruggemann, Henrich J.</creator>
<creator>Magalon, Hélène</creator>
<creator>Faure, Baptiste</creator>
<contributor>Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) - Université de la Réunion (UR) - Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF) - Université de Nouvelle Calédonie - Institut d'écologie et environnement</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire d'Ecologie Marine (ECOMAR) ; Université de la Réunion (UR) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Biotope</contributor>
<contributor>Funding was provided by the French Agence Nationale de Recherche (programme BIOTAS, no. ANR-06-BDIV-002) and the EU-funded program RUN- EMERGE. We acknowledge the les Territoires Australes et Antarctiques Franc ̧aises for logistic support during our fieldwork. We further thank the Affaires Maritimes and the Re ́serve Naturelle Marine de La Re ́union for sampling permits. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 1932-6203</source>
<source>PLoS ONE</source>
<publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01185713</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01185713</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01185713/document</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01185713/file/PLoS%20ONE%202014%20Postaire.pdf</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01185713</source>
<source>PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2014, 9 (4), pp.e95040. 〈10.1371/journal.pone.0095040〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0095040</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0095040</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject>[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>The Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) is a striking marine biodiversity hotspot. Coral reefs in this region host a high proportion of endemics compared to total species richness and they are particularly threatened by human activities. The island archipelagos with their diverse marine habitats constitute a natural laboratory for studying diversification processes. Rocky shores in the SWIO region have remained understudied. This habitat presents a high diversity of molluscs, in particular gastropods. To explore the role of climatic and geological factors in lineage diversification within the genus Nerita, we constructed a new phylogeny with an associated chronogram from two mitochondrial genes [cytochrome oxidase sub-unit 1 and 16S rRNA], combining previously published and new data from eight species sampled throughout the region. All species from the SWIO originated less than 20 Ma ago, their closest extant relatives living in the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA). Furthermore, the SWIO clades within species with Indo-Pacific distribution ranges are quite recent, less than 5 Ma. These results suggest that the regional diversification of Nerita is closely linked to tectonic events in the SWIO region. The Reunion mantle plume head reached Earth's surface 67 Ma and has been stable and active since then, generating island archipelagos, some of which are partly below sea level today. Since the Miocene, sea-level fluctuations have intermittently created new rocky shore habitats. These represent ephemeral stepping-stones, which have likely facilitated repeated colonization by intertidal gastropods, like Nerita populations from the IAA, leading to allopatric speciation. This highlights the importance of taking into account past climatic and geological factors when studying diversification of highly dispersive tropical marine species. It also underlines the unique history of the marine biodiversity of the SWIO region.</description>
<date>2014-04-15</date>
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