Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Losses of corals worldwide emphasize the need to understand what drives reef decline. Stressors such as overfishing and nutrient pollution may reduce resilience of coral reefs by increasing coral–algal competition and reducing coral recruitment, growth and survivorship. Such effects may themselves develop via several mechanisms, including disruption of coral microbiomes. Here we report the results of a 3-year field experiment simulating overfishing and nutrient pollution. These stressors increase turf and macroalgal cover, destabilizing microbiomes, elevating putative pathogen loads, increasing disease more than twofold and increasing mortality up to eightfold. Above-average temperatures exacerbate these effects, further disrupting microbiomes of unhealthy corals and concentrating 80% of mortality in the warmest seasons. Surprisingly, nutrients also increase bacterial opportunism and mortality in corals bitten by parrotfish, turning normal trophic interactions deadly for corals. Thus, overfishing and nutrient pollution impact reefs down to microbial scales, killing corals by sensitizing them to predation, above-average temperatures and bacterial opportunism.
ISSN: 2041-1723

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01340547
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340547
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340547/document
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340547/file/ncomms11833.pdf
DOI : 10.1038/ncomms11833

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : The Eric Williams Memorial Collection The Eric Williams Memorial Collection ( Miami, FL )

http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00083262/00007

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American & Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American & Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )

Droits : Applicable rights reserved.
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00015557/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : [b]1.[/b] Plant functional traits, in particular specific leaf area (SLA), wood density and seed mass, are often good predictors of individual tree growth rates within communities. Individuals and species with high SLA, low wood density and small seeds tend to have faster growth rates.[br/][br/][b]2.[/b] If community-level relationships between traits and growth have general predictive value, then similar relationships should also be observed in analyses that integrate across taxa, biogeographic regions and environments. Such global consistency would imply that traits could serve as valuable proxies for the complex suite of factors that determine growth rate, and, therefore, could underpin a new generation of robust dynamic vegetation models. Alternatively, growth rates may depend more strongly on the local environment or growth–trait relationships may vary along environmental gradients.[br/][br/][b]3.[/b] We tested these alternative hypotheses using data on 27 352 juvenile trees, representing 278 species from 27 sites on all forested continents, and extensive functional trait data, 38% of which were obtained at the same sites at which growth was assessed. Data on potential evapotranspiration (PET), which summarizes the joint ecological effects of temperature and precipitation, were obtained from a global data base.[br/][br/][b]4.[/b] We estimated size-standardized relative height growth rates (SGR) for all species, then related them to functional traits and PET using mixed-effect models for the fastest growing species and for all species together.[br/][br/][b]5.[/b] Both the mean and 95th percentile SGR were more strongly associated with functional traits than with PET. PET was unrelated to SGR at the global scale. SGR increased with increasing SLA and decreased with increasing wood density and seed mass, but these traits explained only 3.1% of the variation in SGR. SGR–trait relationships were consistently weak across families and biogeographic zones, and over a range of tree statures. Thus, the most widely studied functional traits in plant ecology were poor predictors of tree growth over large scales.[br/][br/][b]6.[/b] Synthesis. We conclude that these functional traits alone may be unsuitable for predicting growth of trees over broad scales. Determining the functional traits that predict vital rates under specific environmental conditions may generate more insight than a monolithic global relationship can offer.
ISSN: 0022-0477

hal-01204226
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01204226
DOI : 10.1111/1365-2745.12401
PRODINRA : 307144

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Florida International University Florida International University
North America -- Caribbean
Caribbean

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369

Éditeur(s) : University of Florida University of Florida ( Gainesville, FL )

Droits : Applicable rights reserved.
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00091464/00002

Éditeur(s) : Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University ( Miami, FL )
Résumé : (Internal Comments) tentative permissions for this volume, and this item will be used for review for all issues. This will either later be removed, or permissions for all issues will be granted.

1553369