Manioc : Portail | resultats 21 - 40 pour la recherche: David, León

Rapport sur les questions coloniales adressé à M. le duc de Broglie,... à la suite d'un voyage fait aux Antilles et aux Guyanes pendant les années 1838 et 1839. Tome II, Documents et pièces justificatives. Deuxième partie, Etude de l'émancipation dans les colonies anglaises depuis l'année 1833 jusqu'au 3 décembre 1842
Auteur(s) : Lechevalier Saint-André, Jules (1806-1862)
Année de publication :

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L'abolitioniste français
Auteur(s) : Société française pour l'abolition de l'esclavage
Année de publication :

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Modeling HIV-HCV coinfection epidemiology in the direct-acting antiviral era: the road to elimination
Auteur(s) : Virlogeux, Victor Zoulim, Fabien Pugliese, Pascal Poizot-Martin, Isabelle Valantin, Marc-Antoine Cuzin, Lise Reynes, Jacques Billaud, Eric
Auteurs secondaires : Service d'Hépatologie [Croix-Rousse- CHU Lyon] ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [Hospices Civils CHU de Lyon] ; Hospices Civils de Lyon - Hospices Civils de Lyon Hospices Civils de Lyon Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL) ; Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon] - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Service de Maladies Infectieuses [Nice] Service d'immuno-hématologie clinique (CISIH) ; Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ) Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - ORS PACA - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
Background: HCV treatment uptake has drastically increased in HIV-HCV coinfected patients in France since direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment approval, resulting in HCV cure in 63% of all HIV-HCV patients by the end of 2015. We investigated the impact of scaling-up DAA on HCV prevalence in the whole HIV population and in various risk groups over the next 10 years in France using a transmission dynamic compartmental model.Methods: The model was based on epidemiological data from the French Dat’AIDS cohort. Eight risk groups wereconsidered, including high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) men who have sex with men (MSM) and male/female heterosexuals,intra-venous drug users, or patients from other risk groups. The model was calibrated on prevalence and incidence dataobserved in the cohort between 2012 and 2015.Results: On January 1, 2016, 156,811 patients were registered as infected with HIV in France (24,900 undiagnosedpatients) of whom 7938 (5.1%) had detectable HCV-RNA (722 undiagnosed patients). Assuming a treatmentcoverage (TC) rate of 30%/year (i.e., the observed rate in 2015), model projections showed that HCV prevalenceamong HIV patients is expected to drop to 0.81% in 2026. Sub-analyses showed a similar decrease of HIV-HCVprevalence in most risk groups, including LR MSM. Due to higher infection and reinfection rates, predicted prevalencein HR MSM remained stable from 6.96% in 2016 to 6.34% in 2026. Increasing annual TC rate in HR MSM to 50/70%would decrease HCV prevalence in this group to 2.35/1.25% in 2026. With a 30% TC rate, undiagnosed patients wouldaccount for 34% of HCV infections in 2026.Conclusions: Our model suggests that DAA could nearly eliminate coinfection in France within 10 years for most riskgroups, including LR MSM. Elimination in HR MSM will require increased TC.
ISSN: 1741-7015

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
inserm-01685739
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739/file/2017%2C%20Virlogeux%20-%20Modeling%20HIV-HCV%20coinfection.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/s12916-017-0979-1

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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.
Auteur(s) : Klionsky, Daniel J Abdalla, Fabio C Abeliovich, Hagai Abraham, Robert T Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham Adeli, Khosrow Agholme, Lotta Agnello, Maria
Auteurs secondaires : Molecular and Cellular Biology ; University of Leuven Laboratoire d'Epigénétique et Cancer ; CNRS - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) Department of Pharmacology ; Department of Pharmacology Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques ; INSERM - Institut Pasteur de Paris Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST) ; CNRS - Université de Franche-Comté - Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard - Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques Telethon Institute for Genetics and Medicine ; Telethon Institute Medical Genetics ; Federico II University Department of Molecular and Human Genetics ; Baylor College of Medicine

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490

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