Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0003-4975

hal-01563338
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01563338
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.03.093
PUBMED : 27262916

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
Objectifs. - Évaluer les effets du triathlon classique (1,5 km natation, 40 km cyclisme, 10 km course à pied) sur la capacité de diffusion pulmonaire (DLCO) 24 heures après la compétition. Méthodes et résultats. - Dix triathlètes masculins (21,5 ± 2,8 ans) ont effectué une spirométrie et une mesure de la capacité de diffusion pulmonaire avant la compétition (pré-T) et 24 heures après l'épreuve (post-T). Les résultats montrent une diminution significative du volume expiratoire maximal en 1 s (5,17 ± 0,4 L.s-1 contre 4,09 ± 0,6 L.s-1) et du débit expiratoire maximal 25-75 % de la capacité vitale (6,98 ± 0,2 L.s-1 contre 4,90 ± 0,2 L.s-1). En revanche, les résultats ne montrent pas de différence significative entre les DLCO pré-T et post-T (38,1 ± 3,3 mL.min-1.mmHg-1 contre 37,1 ± 3,7 mL.min-1.mmHg-1) ni les ratios DLCO/VA (5,59 ± 0,5 mL.min-1.mmHg-1.A-1 contre 5,55 ± 0,7 ml.min-1.mmHg-1.A-1). Conclusion. - La DLCO est normale chez les triathlètes 24 heures après une compétition classique. Ceci peut traduire l'absence de lésions alvéolocapillaires pendant le triathlon. La baisse de la DLCO rapportée deux heures après un exercice dans la littérature peut s'expliquer par la baisse du volume sanguin pulmonaire qui apparaît comme un phénomène transitoire. Cependant, la baisse des débits pulmonaires observée 24 heures après le triathlon suggère la persistance chez les triathlètes d'un syndrome obstructif bronchique.
ISSN: 0765-1597

hal-00720522
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720522
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720522/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720522/file/Article_3_.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD ACSM
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the cycle-run and run-cycle successions of the triathlon and duathlon, respectively, on respiratory muscle strength and endurance. Methods: Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory (P1max) and expiratory {PEmax) pressures. Respiratory muscle endurance was assessed by measuring the time limit (Tlim). Twelve triathleles participated in a three-trial protocol. The first trial consisted of an incremental cycle test to assess the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) of triathletes. Trial 2 consisted of 20 min of cycling followed by 20 min of running (C-R), and trial 3 consisted of 20 min of running followed by 20 min of cycling (R-C). Trials 2 and 3 were performed at the same metabolic intensity (% VO2max). P1max and P1max were measured before and 10 min after C-R and R-C, and I min after the post-C-R and post-R-C Tlim measurements (P1max l'). Tlim was measured I d before and 30 min after C-R and R-C. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in P1max after C-R (126.7 ± 4.3 cmH2O, P < 0.05) and R-C (123.7 ± 4.9 cmH2O, P < 0.05) compared with the baseline values (130 ± 3.8 and 129.6 ± 4.3 cmH2O, respectively). P1max 1' showed a significantly greater decrease after R-C versus C-R(111.2 ± 5.5 cmH2O vs 121.2 ± 3.9 cmH2O,respectively, P < 0.001). Tlim after C-R (3.3 ± 0.3 min) decreased significantly compared with baseline values (4.19 ± 0.3min and 4.02 ± 0.3 min, respectively). However, the Tlim decrease after R-C was significantly greater than after C-R (P < 0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that respiratory muscle strength and endurance were less decreased after the cycle-run succession and that cycling induced a greater decrease in respiratory muscle endurance than running.
Medicine & Science in Sports & exercise

hal-00720796
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720796

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Thieme Publishing
Résumé : International audience
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of prior cycling and a successive run on respiratory muscle performance during a cycle-run succession as performed in the triathlon. We hypothesized that despite the moderate intensity of exercise and the absence of exhaustion, the crouched cycling position would induce a decrease in respiratory muscle performance that would be reversed by the successive vertical run position. Ten male triathletes (22.6 +/- 1.1 yr) performed a four-trial protocol: (1) an incremental cycle test to assess maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), (2) 20 min of cycling (C), (3) 20 min of running (R), and (4) 20 min of cycling followed by 20 min of running (C-R). Trials 2, 3 and 4 were performed at the same metabolic intensity, i. e., 75 % of VO2max. Respiratory muscle force was assessed by measuring maximal expiratory (P(Emax)) and inspiratory (P(Imax)) pressures from the functional residual capacity (FRC) before and 10 min after C, R, and C-R. Respiratory muscle endurance was assessed one day before and 30 min after C, R, and C-R, by measuring the time limit (T(lim)), which corresponds to the length of time a respiratory load can be sustained before the process of fatigue develops sufficiently to cause task failure. The results showed a similar significant decrease in P(Imax) (132.4 +/- 4.9 versus 125.7 +/- 5.6 cm H2O, p < 0.05) and T(lim) (5.22 +/- 0.28 versus 3.68 +/- 0.32 min, p < 0.05) post-C and post-C-R (133.7 +/- 4.0 versus 126.9 +/- 5.2 cm H2O, and 5.29 +/- 0.18 versus 3.49 +/- 0.41 min, respectively, p < 0.05) compared with the pre-trial values. In contrast, P(Imax) and T(lim) were not significantly decreased post-R (131.8 +/- 6.1 cm H2O versus 129.6 +/- 6.4 cm H2O, and 4.90 +/- 0.69 versus 4.40 +/- 0.56 min, respectively, p > 0.05). We concluded that moderate intensity exercise not performed to exhaustion induced a decrease in respiratory muscle performance. Moreover, the respiratory muscle fatigue induced by prior cycling was maintained, and neither reversed nor worsened, by the successive run.
ISSN: 0172-4622

hal-00720715
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720715

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Aims: The aims of this study were to compare short-and long-term outcomes for clinical T2N0 oesophageal cancer with analysis of (i) primary surgery (S) versus neoadjuvant therapy plus surgery (NS), (ii) squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma subsets; and (iii) neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: Data were collected from 30 European centres from 2000 to 2010. Among 2944 included patients, 355 patients (12.1%) had cT2N0 disease; 285 (S) and 70 (NS), were compared in terms of short-and long-term outcomes. Propensity score matching analyses were used to compensate for differences in baseline characteristics.Results: No significant differences between the groups were shown in terms of in hospital morbidity and mortality. Nodal disease was observed in 50% of S-group at the time of surgery, with 20% pN2/N3. Utilisation of neoadjuvant therapy was associated with significant tumour downstaging as reflected by increases in pT0, pN0 and pTNM stage 0 disease, this effect was further enhanced with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After adjustment on propensity score and confounding factors, for all patients and subset analysis of squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, neoadjuvant therapy had no significant effect upon survival or recurrence (overall, loco-regional, distant or mixed) compared to surgery alone. There were no significant differences between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in short-or long-term outcomes.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a surgery alone treatment approach should be recommended as the primary treatment approach for cT2N0 oesophageal cancer despite 50% of patients having nodal disease at the time of surgery.
ISSN: 0959-8049

hal-01666517
https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01666517
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.11.024

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
This study investigated the possibility of there being differences in respiratory muscle strength and endurance in elite and competition triathletes who have similar maximal oxygen uptakes (V_O2max) and ventilatory thresholds (Thvent). Five internationally-ranked elite, [mean (SD) age 23.8 (1.4) years] and six nationallyand regionally-ranked competition [age 21.1 (1.1) years] male triathletes performed two successive trials: first an incremental cycle test to assess V_O2max and Thvent and second 20 min of cycling followed by 20 min of running (C-R) at intensities higher than 85% V_O2max. Cardioventilatory data were collected every minute during the two trials, using an automated breath-by-breath system. Maximal expiratory and inspiratory (PImax) strength were assessed before and 10 min after C-R from the functional residual capacity. Respiratory muscle endurance was assessed 1 day before and 30 min after C-R by measuring the time limit (tlim). The results showed firstly that during C-R, the competition triathletes had significantly (P<0.05) higher minute ventilation [mean (SEM) 107.4 (3.1) compared to 99.8 (3.7) lÆmin-1], breathing frequency [44.4 (2.0) compared to 40.2 (3.4) Æmin-1] and heart rate [166 (3) compared to 159 (4) beatsÆmin-1] and secondly that after C-R, they had significantly lower PImax [127.1 (4.2) compared to 130.7 (3.0) cmH2O] and tlim [2:35 (0:29) compared to 4:12 (0:20) min] than the elite triathletes. We conclude that, despite similar V_O2max and Thvent, the competition triathletes showed less extensive adaptive mechanisms, including those in the respiratory muscles, than did the elite triathletes. This led to higher ventilation, which appeared to be the cause of the faster development of fatigue in the inspiratory muscles in this group.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

hal-00720562
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720562
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720562/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720562/file/BoussanaEJAP02_2_.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
Une surface d'émersion majeure (S1) au sein de l'unité récifale Pliocène supérieur à Pléistocène inférieur des « calcaires supérieurs » de Grande-Terre (avant-arc des Petites Antilles) révèle une baisse du niveau marin relatif d'au moins 60 m et permet de définir un nouveau découpage stratigraphique. S1 est surmontée par un cortège transgressif sablo-calcaire, puis par une formation récifale à Acropora. L'ensemble représente l'enregistrement d'un cycle eustatique complet par cette plateforme carbonatée de marge active. La comparaison avec la plate-forme carbonatée de marge stable du banc des Bahamas permet d'estimer que S1 correspond à l'émersion majeure de 1,66 Ma et qu'elle est d'origine glacio-eustatique.
ISSN: 1631-0713

hal-00180663
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00180663
DOI : 10.1016/j.crte.2005.01.012

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
se sont accrétés au cours du Mésozoïque. Ainsi, la collisionentre les blocs Indochine et Chine du Sud a engendré l’orogénèseIndosinienne. Durant la première moitié du XXè siècle, cet orogènea été défini et documenté à partir d’une discordance, dite Indosinienne,mise en évidence dans le Nord du Vietnam. Les études alorsréalisées ont permis d’estimer un âge antérieur au Jurassique inférieurpour cette discordance, qui n’a depuis pas fait l’objet deréévaluation. Outre la discordance Indosinienne, de nombreux débatsportent sur l’âge de la collision, la vergence de la subductionocéanique qui l’a précédée ou encore l’existence d’un véritable domaineocéanique ayant séparé l’Indochine de la Chine du Sud.Les bassins permo-triasiques du Nord du Vietnam (bassins deSam Nua et de Song Da), situés de part et d’autre de la sutureophiolitique de Song Ma, constituent, via le flux sédimentaireprovenant de l’érosion et du volcanisme des zones adjacentes, desarchives essentielles pour documenter l’évolution tectonique ducouple Indochine-Chine du Sud. A partir de données sédimentologiques,géochronologiques (datation U-Pb sur zircons) et biostratigraphiques(foraminifères), nous proposons une réévaluationdu cadre stratigraphique du Nord du Vietnam. Ces données nouspermettent d’envisager un âge postérieur au Trias moyen pour ladiscordance Indosinienne. A l’aide de données géochimiques et del’analyse du remplissage sédimentaire et volcanique des bassins,il est possible de documenter un volcanisme d’arc, actif au Triasinférieur. La position de cet arc par rapport aux limites des blocsIndochine et Chine du Sud, marquée par la suture ophiolitique deSong Ma, implique (i) une zone de subduction qui plongeait vers leSud (coordonnées actuelles), sous le bloc Indochine, en marge (ii)d’un véritable domaine océanique, et non pas d’une croûte continentaleamincie, séparant les deux blocs jusqu’au Trias moyen.Nos interprétations, issues de l’analyse des bassins sédimentairespermo-triasiques du Nord Vietnam, permettent également de reconstituerl’évolution de l’orogénèse Indosinienne. Celle-ci faitsuite à la subduction de la croûte océanique rattachée à une plaqueChine du Sud sous une plaque Indochine au Trias inférieur (etprobablement au moins depuis le Permien inférieur). A partir dela fin du Trias moyen, les blocs Indochine et Chine du Sud entrenten collision et forment l’orogène Indosinienne.
RST 2016, livre des résumés
Caen, France

insu-01388676
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01388676

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Up-to-date estimates of the health outcomes of preterm children are needed for assessing perinatal care, informing parents, making decisions about care, and providing evidence for clinical guidelines. To determine survival and neonatal morbidity of infants born from 22 through 34 completed weeks' gestation in France in 2011 and compare these outcomes with a comparable cohort in 1997. The EPIPAGE-2 study is a national, prospective, population-based cohort study conducted in all maternity and neonatal units in France in 2011. A total of 2205 births (stillbirths and live births) and terminations of pregnancy at 22 through 26 weeks' gestation, 3257 at 27 through 31 weeks, and 1234 at 32 through 34 weeks were studied. Cohort data were collected from January 1 through December 31, 1997, and from March 28 through December 31, 2011. Analyses for 1997 were run for the entire year and then separately for April to December; the rates for survival and morbidities did not differ. Data are therefore presented for the whole year in 1997 and the 8-month and 6-month periods in 2011. Survival to discharge and survival without any of the following adverse outcomes: grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 or higher), or necrotizing enterocolitis (stages 2-3). A total of 0.7% of infants born before 24 weeks' gestation survived to discharge: 31.2% of those born at 24 weeks, 59.1% at 25 weeks, and 75.3% at 26 weeks. Survival rates were 93.6% at 27 through 31 weeks and 98.9% at 32 through 34 weeks. Infants discharged home without severe neonatal morbidity represented 0% at 23 weeks, 11.6% at 24 weeks, 30.0% at 25 weeks, 47.5% at 26 weeks, 81.3% at 27 through 31 weeks, and 96.8% at 32 through 34 weeks. Compared with 1997, the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity in 2011 increased by 14.4% (P < .001) at 25 through 29 weeks and 6% (P < .001) at 30 through 31 weeks but did not change appreciably for those born at less than 25 weeks. The rates of antenatal corticosteroid use, induced preterm deliveries, cesarean deliveries, and surfactant use increased significantly in all gestational-age groups, except at 22 through 23 weeks. The substantial improvement in survival in France for newborns born at 25 through 31 weeks' gestation was accompanied by an important reduction in severe morbidity, but survival remained rare before 25 weeks. Although improvement in survival at extremely low gestational age may be possible, its effect on long-term outcomes requires further studies. The long-term results of the EPIPAGE-2 study will be informative in this regard.
ISSN: 2168-6211

hal-01258705
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01258705
PUBMED : 25621457
DOI : 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3351

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
Nous avons comparé les concentrations sanguines de lactate chez huit triathètes au cours d'un test triangulaire, avant et après (22,4 ± 2,6 heures) un triathlon classique. Les résultats montrent des concentrations sanguines de lactate significativement plus basses après le triathlon, malgré une puissance maximale (Pmax) et une consommation maximale d'oxygène (VO2max) comparables lors des deux tests triangulaires. Cette baisse des concentrations de lactate sanguin observée après le triathlon est interprétée comme étant le résultat d'une diminution des réserves de glycogène musculaire, d'une réutilisation plus grande du lactate produit, d'un recours plus important aux substrats lipidiques, ainsi que d'une diminution des catécholamines circulantes lors du test réalisé après le triathlon.
ISSN: 0765-1597

hal-00720458
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720458
DOI : 10.1016/S0765-1597(99)80005-7

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Previous studies have reported respiratory, cardiac and muscle changes at rest in triathletes 24 h after completion of the event. To examine the effects of these changes on metabolic and cardioventilatory variables during exercise, eight male triathletes of mean age 21.1 (SD 2.5) years (range 17-26 years) performed an incremental cycle exercise test (IET) before (pre) and the day after (post) an official classic triathlon (1.5-km swimming, 40-km cycling and 10-km running). The IET was performed using an electromagnetic cycle ergometer. Ventilatory data were collected every minute using a breath-by-breath automated system and included minute ventilation (V(E)), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (V(E)/VO2) and for carbon dioxide (V(E)/VCO2), breathing frequency and tidal volume. Heart rate (HR) was monitored using an electrocardiogram. The oxygen pulse was calculated as VO2/HR. Arterialized blood was collected every 2 min throughout IET and the recovery period, and lactate concentration was measured using an enzymatic method. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined using conventional criteria. Ventilatory threshold (VT) was determined using the V-slope method formulated earlier. Cardioventilatory variables were studied during the test, at the point when the subject felt exhausted and during recovery. Results indicated no significant differences (P > 0.05) in VO2max [62.6 (SD 5.9) vs 64.6 (SD 4.8) ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)], VT [2368 (SD 258) vs 2477 (SD 352) ml x min(-1)] and time courses of VO2 between the pre- versus post-triathlon sessions. In contrast, the time courses of HR and blood lactate concentration reached significantly higher values (P < 0.05) in the pre-triathlon session. We concluded that these triathletes when tested 24 h after a classic triathlon displayed their pre-event aerobic exercise capacity, bud did not recover pretriathlon time courses in HR or blood lactate concentration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

hal-00720432
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720432
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720432/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720432/file/Article_2.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Timor Island was at time considered as an example of "accretionary prism" linked to the collision between the Australian block and the Banda arc. However, its geological evolution is more complex. Five main superimposed structural units are distinguished in West Timor. The today structure is the result of three main tectonic events that occurred during the Late Oligocene, Late Early Pliocene and Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene times, respectively. Our field investigations in the 1990 to 2000 decade completed with geochemical analyses and K-Ar datings (Jurassic and Miocene ages) of magmatism allow to precise the geodynamic evolution of Timor that can be summarized as follows: a first block was detached from Gondwana (unit 2) and drifted to the Asiatic margin until the Late Oligocene when it collided with the Asiatic active margin (unit 3). Then, the new block formed by both 2 and 3 units drifted to the south during the Miocene and the Early Pliocene until it collided with the Australian margin (ASM), by the Late Early Pliocene. Then, the Australian and Timor blocks moved together towards the North-North East during the Late Pliocene until they collided with the Banda fore-arc (unit 4). Later on (Pleistocene), Timor island was capped by the "autochthon" (unit 5) and then on (Quaternary?) by the Banda volcanic arc northward thrusted over the South Banda basin. Taking in consideration its close relationships with both the Australian plate and the Eurasian one. Timor may be considered as a key area for building this geodynamical scenario of Indonesia.
Bulletin Société Géologique de France

insu-00933548
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00933548
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.184.6.569