Éditeur(s) :
HAL CCSD American Society for Microbiology Résumé : International audience
A number of men receiving prolonged suppressive HAART still shed HIV in semen. To investigate whether this seminal shedding may be due to poor drug penetration and/or viral production by long-lived cells within male genital tissues, we analyzed semen and reproductive tissues from macaques chronically infected with SIVmac251 submitted to HAART for 4 months, intensified over the last seven weeks with an integrase inhibitor. We showed that a subset of treated animals continued shedding SIV in semen despite efficient HAART. This shedding was not associated with low antiretroviral drug concentrations in semen, or in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate. HAART had no significant impact on SIV RNA in the urethra, whereas it drastically reduced SIV RNA levels in the prostate and vas deferens, and to a lesser extent in the epididymis and seminal vesicle. The only detectable SIV RNA positive cells within the male genital tract after HAART were urethral macrophages. SIV DNA levels in genital tissues were not decreased by HAART, suggesting the presence throughout the male genital tract of non-productively infected cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that 4 months of HAART induced variable and limited control of viral infection in the male reproductive organs, particularly the urethra, and suggest that infected long-lived cells in the male genital tract may be involved in persistent seminal shedding during HAART. These results pave the way for further investigations of male genital organs infection in long term treated infected individuals. A substantial subset of men receiving prolonged suppressive HAART in the blood still harbor HIV in semen, and cases of sexual transmission have been reported. To understand the origin of this persistence, we analyzed the semen and male reproductive tissues from SIV-infected macaques treated by HAART. We demonstrated that persistent seminal shedding was not linked to poor drug penetration in semen or semen-producing prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis and testis. We revealed that HAART decreased SIV RNA to various extents in all male genital organs, with the exception of the urethra, in which SIV RNA+ macrophages were observed despite HAART. Importantly also, HAART did not impact SIV DNA levels in the male genital organs. These results suggest that infection of male genital organs, and particularly the urethra, could be involved in the release of virus in semen during HAART.
ISSN: 0022-538X
hal-01139816
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01139816 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01139816/document https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01139816/file/Detection%20of%20SIV%20in%20Semen%2C%20Urethra%2C%20and%20Male%20Reproductive%20Organs%20during%20Efficient%20Highly%20Active%20Antiretroviral%20Therapy.pdf PUBMEDCENTRAL : PMC4442442
Livres anciens
Images
Fonds Jean Bernabé
Fonds René Maran
Esclaves de Guyane
Esclavage en Martinique
Catalogue collectif des périodiques
Audio-Vidéo
Études et recherches
Etudes Caribéennes
Tramil
Or
Esclavage et résistances