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Illegal gold miners in French Guiana: a neglected population with poor health
Auteur(s) : Douine, Maylis Mosnier, Emilie Le Hingrat, Quentin Charpentier, Charlotte Corlin, Florine Hureau, Louise Adenis, Antoine Lazrek, Yassamine
Auteurs secondaires : Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane) ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre - Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon - CHU de Fort de France Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat) ; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université de Guyane (UG) Département des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins ; Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME) ; Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris 13 (UP13) - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme - Région Antilles-Guyane ; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane - Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP) - WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Cayenne, Guyane Française] ; Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon - Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH) This study was funded by European Funds for Regional Development (Feder), N° Presage 32,078. The Funding body had no role in the study and in the publication process.

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND:In French Guiana, a French overseas territory in South America, 6 to 10 thousands undocumented persons work illegally in gold mining sites in the Amazonian forest. Precarious life conditions lead to poor health but few data exist on the health status of illegal gold miners in French Guiana. The objective of this article was to describe the sociodemographic and health status of this vulnerable population.METHOD:A prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2015 on gold mine supply sites at the border between French Guiana and Suriname. Health status was assessed through medical examination, past medical history, haemoglobin concentration, and HIV and malaria testing. A questionnaire was used to collect data about the migration itinerary and life conditions on mining sites.RESULTS:Among the 421 adults included in the study, 93.8% (395/421) were Brazilian, mainly from Maranhão (55.7%, 220/395), the poorest Brazilian state. The sex ratio was 2.4. Overall, 48% of persons never went to school or beyond the primary level. The median time spent in gold mining was quite long (10 years), with a high turn-over. One third of the surveyed population (37.1%, 156/421) had high blood pressure, and only two had a medical follow-up. Most persons had experienced malaria (89.3%, 376/421). They declared frequent arboviroses and digestive disorders. Active leishmaniasis was observed in 8.3% of gold miners. Among women, 28.5% were anemic. Concerning HIV, 36.6% (154/421) of persons, mainly men, never got tested before and 6 were tested positive, which represented an HIV prevalence of 1.43% (95%CI =0.29-2.5).CONCLUSION:These findings support the hypothesis that mining in remote areas is linked to several specific illnesses. Theoretically, gold miners would be presumed to start their economical migration to French Guiana as a healthy group. However, their strenuous working and living conditions there lead to poor health caused by infectious and non infectious diseases. This description of their health status is precious for health policy planners in French Guiana given the importance of controlling communicable disease, and the severity and range of specific illnesses acquired by this neglected population.TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical trial registration PRS N° NCT02903706 . Retrospectively registered 09/13/2016.
ISSN: 1471-2458

inserm-01566314
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314/file/2017%2C%20Douine%20-%20Illegal%20gold%20miners%20in%20French%20Guiana.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62169-1

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