Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Journal of West African Ornithology / Revue d'Ornithologie de l'Ouest Africain
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0331-3689

hal-01673690
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01673690

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : We examined tree-soil habitat associations in lowland forest communities at Paracou, French Guiana. We analyzed a large dataset assembling six permanent plots totaling 37.5 ha, in which extensive LIDAR-derived topographical data and soil chemical and physical data have been integrated with precise botanical determinations. Map of relative elevation from the nearest stream summarized both soil fertility and hydromorphic characteristics, with seasonally inundated bottomlands having higher soil phosphate content and base saturation, and plateaus having higher soil carbon, nitrogen and aluminum contents. We employed a statistical test of correlations between tree species density and environmental maps, by generating Monte Carlo simulations of random raster images that preserve autocorrelation of the original maps. Nearly three fourths of the 94 taxa with at least one stem per ha showed a significant correlation between tree density and relative elevation, revealing contrasted species-habitat associations in term of abundance, with seasonally inundated bottomlands (24.5% of species) and well-drained plateaus (48.9% of species). We also observed species preferences for environments with or without steep slopes (13.8% and 10.6%, respectively). We observed that closely-related species were frequently associated with different soil habitats in this region (70% of the 14 genera with congeneric species that have a significant association test) suggesting species-habitat associations have arisen multiple times in this tree community. We also tested if species with similar habitat preferences shared functional strategies. We found that seasonally inundated forest specialists tended to have smaller stature (maximum diameter) than species found on plateaus. Our results underline the importance of tree-soil habitat associations in structuring diverse communities at fine spatial scales and suggest that additional studies are needed to disentangle community assembly mechanisms related to dispersal limitation, biotic interactions and environmental filtering from species-habitat associations. Moreover, they provide a framework to generalize across tropical forest sites.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01260289
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01260289
PRODINRA : 342930
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0141488

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Ecole nationale du génie rural
Résumé :  
Le Groupement d'Intérêt scientifique (GIS) Silvolab-Guyane coordonne, depuis 1992, les actions de recherche ou de développement sur la forêt tropicale en Guyane, à partir d'orientations scientifiques cadrées et sur financements publics. Les programmes sont exécutés par les chercheurs des organismes membres du GIS, éventuellement en partenariat avec des laboratoires métropolitains ou des instituts étrangers. L'objectif est d'enrichir les connaissances sur la description, la dynamique et l'évolution des écosystèmes pour mieux protéger, gérer ou valoriser la forêt en tant que ressource naturelle. Outre la réalisation conjointe de projets ciblés sur une problématique particulière, la mise en commun d'équipements transversaux tels les laboratoires, l'herbier de Cayenne, le centre de documentation de Kourou, mais aussi et surtout les stations de terrain et les dispositifs expérimentaux, sont des atouts majeurs du GIS.
ISSN: 0035-2829

hal-01032106
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032106