Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Two fluorescent galactofuranosides were synthesized and their biological activities evaluated on non-infected and Leishmania infected macrophages. Both tagged scaffolds were able to penetrate macrophages. Compared to the activity of the parent octyl galactofuranoside used as a reference, the fluorescein-conjugate showed altered biological properties while the rhodamine 6G one synergistically acted with the lipid chain to significantly increase antiparasitic activity.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters

hal-01446721
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01446721
PUBMED : 27956346
DOI : 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.090

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society of Chemistry
Résumé : International audience
Although leishmaniasis has been studied for over a century, the fight against cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral forms of the disease remains a hot topic. This review refers to the parasitic cell wall and more particularly to the constitutive glycoconjugates. The structures of the main glycolipids and glycoproteins, which are species-dependent, are described. The focus is on the disturbance of the lipid membrane by existing drugs and possible new ones, in order to develop future therapeutic agents
ISSN: 1477-0520

hal-01174899
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01174899
DOI : 10.1039/c5ob00563a
PUBMED : 26130402

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmb) may fail to heal Leishmania infantum visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the immunodeficient host. There are currently no guidelines on how to treat such patients and efficacy of miltefosine monotherapy seems limited in this indication. We present 2 cases of patients with VL and AIDS for which LAmb had to be interrupted (one because of toxicity, one because of treatment failure) and who were treated effectively with pentamidine followed by miltefosine.
ISSN: 1383-5769

hal-01509592
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01509592
PUBMED : 27353022

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : National audience
Résumé Les leishmanioses résultent de l’infection par un parasite protozoaire responsable d’un large panel de présentations cliniques, depuis la leishmaniose cutanée jusqu’à la leishmaniose viscérale. Elles sont présentes sur l’ensemble du globe à l’exception de l’Océanie, et les cliniciens et biologistes doivent savoir que la leishmaniose viscérale et la leishmaniose cutanée sont également autochtones sur le pourtour méditerranéen et en Guyane Française. Les modalités diagnostiques reposent sur la mise en évidence du parasite par examen direct, culture ou PCR. Les outils sérologiques peuvent venir compléter le faisceau d’arguments. Sur le plan thérapeutique, de nouvelles modalités sont actuellement proposées, notamment utilisation de l’amphotéricine B liposomale à forte dose.
ISSN: 1773-035X

hal-01243039
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01243039
DOI : 10.1016/S1773-035X(15)30317-8

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0022-1899

hal-01123839
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01123839
DOI : 10.1093/infdis/jiv129
PUBMED : 25737560

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Chemical Society
Résumé : Three new monoterpene indole alkaloids (13) have been isolated from the bark of Geissospermum laeve-, together with the known alkaloids (-)-leuconolam (4), geissolosimine (5), and geissospermine (6). The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by analysis of their HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of geissolaevine (I). was deduced from the comparison of experimental and theoretically calculated ECD spectra. The isolation workflow was guided by a molecular networking-based dereplication strategy using an in-house database of monoterpene indole alkaloids. In addition, five known compounds previously undescribed in the Geissospermum genus were dereplicated from the G. laeve alkaloid extract network and were assigned with various levels of identification confidence. The antiparasitic activities against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani as well as the Ortotoxic activity against the MRC-5 cell line were determined for compounds 1-5.
ISSN: 0163-3864

hal-01605065
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01605065
DOI : 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01013
PRODINRA : 402605
PUBMED : 28282127

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Aim of the study: A knowledge attitude and practice study centred on leishmaniasis and its treatment was performed among the Chayahuita, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group living in an endemic area. This study documents traditional Chayahuita plant's use and disease concepts. Also, activty of some medicinal plants used by the Chayahuita is highlighted and discussed. Materials and methods: Ninety-three Chayahuita people were interviewed, following a semi-structured questionnaire focussed on disease knowledge and perception, personal attitude and healing practices. Simultaneously, a collection of plants was performed in different ecotopes, in order to make an extensive inventory of the pharmacopoeia. Results: For the Chayahuita, cutaneous (CL) and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) are considered as diseases of their own, with specific names, aetiologies, mode of transmission. Regarding CL, Chayahuita people consider that the humid characteristic of the skin ulcer is a discriminative fact orienting the diagnostic forTa'ta' (leishmaniasis). Forty-six different species were designated useful against LC and /or MCL (29 species by means of the questionnaire and 27 species when collecting in different ecotopes). Thirty-seven extracts corresponding to 31 species used medicinally were screened in vitro against Leishmania amnzonensis axenic amastigotes, assessing their viability by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT). Six species displayed a good activity ( 10 μg/ml < IC50 < 20 μg/ml): an undetermined hemi-epiphytic Clusiaceae, Cyhianthus anthuriophyllus Pipoly (Myrsinaceae), two Piper, Piper sanguineispicum Trel., and Piper loretoanum Trel. (Piperaceae), Desmodium axillare Sw. DC. (Fabaceae), and Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. (Asteraceae). Conclusion: Perception of leishmaniasis, attitude, treatments and diet prohibitions still largely reflects traditional Chayahuita cosmovision, even if some tentative of bio-medical re-interpretation is arising.
ISSN: 0378-8741

hal-01087667
https://hal-agroparistech.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01087667
DOI : 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.015

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : After a review of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to leishmaniasis in Amazonia, this work focused on the vegetal species used for its cure. Utilization of geographic and cultural diffusion index allowed to characterize Pan-Amazonian antileishmanial taxa and to investigate the mechanisms allowing for their diffusion. Consistency between traditional use and laboratory results were looked for. Two " knowledge, attitudes and practices " surveys were conducted amongst the Chayahuita (Peru) and along the upper and middle Oyapock river (French Guiana, Teko and Wayãpi groups). These allowed us to refine the knowledge and perception of the disease in these cultural groups, to define patterns in the therapeutic itinerary, and to make an inventory of antileishmanial plant species. Thirty one species used by the Chayahuita were collected and submitted to in vitro assays on axenic amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (Asteraceae) is one of the most active and most frequently used plant. From this species, piptocarphol derivatives, very active against Leishmania in vitro, were isolated along with ursolic acid. Presence of these molecules justifies the use of this species as traditional antileishmanial remedy by the Chayahuita.
Après avoir dressé un inventaire des connaissances, attitudes et pratiques concernant les leishmanioses en Amazonie d'après la littérature, le présent travail s'est focalisé sur les espèces végétales connues et utilisées dans le traitement de ces maladies. L'utilisation d'indices de diffusion (géographique, culturelle) a permis de caractériser des taxons antileishmaniens panamazoniens et de définir certains mécanismes impliqués dans leur diffusion. Des cohérences entre usages traditionnels et résultats de laboratoire ont été recherchés. Deux enquêtes de type " connaissance, attitudes et pratiques " effectuées au sein du groupe chayahuita (Pérou), et sur le haut et moyen cours du fleuve Oyapock (Guyane, communautés teko et wayãpi) ont permis d'affiner les connaissances sur la perception de cette maladie dans ces différents groupes culturels, de comprendre les recours aux différentes thérapeutiques et de dresser un inventaire des espèces médicinales utilisées. Trente et une espèces collectées chez les Chayahuita ont été soumises à des essais in vitro sur amastigotes axéniques de Leishmania amazonensis. Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (Asteraceae) compte parmi les espèces les plus actives et les plus fréquemment utilisées, et des dérivés du piptocarphol très actifs sur les parasites in vitro ont été isolés conjointement à l'acide ursolique. La présence de ces molécules permet de justifier en partie l'usage de cette espèce comme antileishmanien traditionnel par les Chayahuita.
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590977

tel-00590977
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590977
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590977/document
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590977/file/ThA_se_Odonne_light.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Imprimerie royale
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Martinique. Bibliothèque Schoelcher
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/SCH13141
SCH13141