Résumé : La pêche et la riziculture font partie des secteurs économiques les plus importants du Surinam. Depuis près de 30 ans, la riziculture par poldérisation des zones basses et marécageuses a permis de mettre en valeur toute la bande littorale de l’ouest du pays ; cette culture s’accroit encore aujourd’hui de façon significative. Le secteur halieutique quant à lui regroupe d’une part une pêche industrielle exploitant les crevettes du plateau continental et d’autre part une pêche artisanale traditionnelle qui recherche essentiellement les poissons sur les petits fonds côtiers et dans les marais saumâtres.

Droits : 1985 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18272/15839.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18272/

Résumé : Les connaissances que l'IFREMER a pu acquérir sur la flore et la faune sous-marines du secteur de Djibouti remontent, pour une grande partie d'entre-elles, aux années 1973/1974. En effet, à cette époque l'ISTPM avait été sollicité par les autorités locales pour évaluer les possibilités de développement de la pêche dans la région. Dans ce but un programme de recherches appliquées avait été élaboré ; il portait sur les points suivants : - inventaire et répartition spatio-temporelle des espèces d'intérêt commercial ; - étude de la distribution et du comportement des principales espèces en fonction des variations des conditions physico-chimiques, du milieu ; - expérimentation d'engins de pêche adéquats et estimation de leurs rendements. Ces actions ont été conduites à partir de 1973 par une équipe de chercheurs et techniciens de l'ISTPM à l'aide du navire "TADJOURAH" spécialement aménagé pour la circonstance.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15677/13080.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15677/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVES: To compare virological effectiveness in patients who continued on a virologically successful first-line boosted protease inhibitor (PI)-containing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) regimen or who switched to a PI-free cART including efavirenz, nevirapine or abacavir. METHODS: From the French Hospital Database on HIV, we selected 439 patients with undetectable viral load (VL) on a first-line boosted PI-containing cART regimen who switched to a PI-free combination including efavirenz, nevirapine or abacavir. Each of these patients was matched with three patients who continued to take their first-line cART regimen, on the basis of gender, age, CD4 cell count, VL, date of cART initiation and the duration of VL undetectability. Time to virological failure (VF) was analysed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox models. RESULTS: The 12 month probabilities of VF were 3.7% and 5.7% in non-switch and switch patients, respectively, and 3.9%, 7.2% and 9.0% in patients switching to efavirenz-, nevirapine- and abacavir-containing cART, respectively. After adjustment, only patients switching to abacavir-containing cART had a higher risk of VF than non-switch patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.79). CONCLUSIONS: Switching from a virologically successful first-line boosted PI-containing cART regimen to a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing cART regimen containing either efavirenz or nevirapine is virologically safe, while switching to abacavir-containing cART should be avoided.
ISSN: 0305-7453

hal-00875284
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875284
DOI : 10.1093/jac/dkr208
PUBMED : 21636583

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Objective: To describe characteristics and outcomes of HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) over 2004–2011 in France, in particular in those previously enrolled (PE) in the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH). Methods: PE patients with an incident PCP were compared with patients with an inaugural PCP revealing HIV infection (reference). Adequate adherence to care was defined as a CD4 measurement at least every 6 months. Immune reconstitution (CD4$200/mm 3) and risk of death were studied using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In a context of a decreasing incidence of PCP, 1259 HIV-infected patients had a PCP diagnosis, and 593 (47%) were PE patients of whom 161 (27%) have had a prior history of AIDS-defining clinical illness (prior ADI). Median time since enrolment was 8 years for PE patients; 74% had received cART. Median proportion of time with adequate adherence to care was 85% (IQR, 66–96) for all FHDH enrollees, but only 45% (IQR, 1–81) for PE patients during the 2 years before PCP. Median CD4 cell count (38/mm 3) and HIV viral load (5.2 log10 copies/ml) at PCP diagnosis did not differ between PE patients and the reference group. Three year mortality rate of 25% was observed for PE prior ADI group, higher than in PE non-prior ADI group (8%) and the reference group (9%) (p,0.0001). In the PE prior ADI group, poor prognosis remained even after adjustment for virological control and immune reconstitution (HR, 2.4 [95%CI, 1.5–3.7]). Conclusion: Almost 50% of PCP diagnoses in HIV-infected patients occurred presently in patients already in care, mainly with a previous cART prescription but with waning adherence to care. Having repeated ADI is contributing to the risk of death beyond its impact on immune reconstitution and viral suppression: special efforts must be undertaken to maintain those patients in care.
ISSN: 1932-6203

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01345090
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01345090
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01345090/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01345090/file/journal.pone.0094183.PDF
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0094183