Résumé : The principal objective of the work carried out in the deep waters adjoining the island shelf around Martinique between July 1991 and april 1992 was to establish an initial inventory of potentially exploitable deep benthic resources.The cylindrical lobster pot used during fishing experiments allowed the catch of a varied carcinological marine organisms of which six species at least have economic interest : 5 species of shrimp all belonging to the sub-order of Caridea of the Pandalidae family : Plesionika edwardsi, P. (macropoda) polyacanthomerus, P.laevis, Heterocarpus ensifer and H.laevigatus, and one species of prawn of the Nephropidae family : Eunephrops cadenasi. The yields, compared to those of commercial fishermen, were medium or good for Plesionika edwardsi and P. (macropoda) polyacanthomerus between depths of 200 - 300 metres ; for Plesionika laevis and Eunephrops cadenasi in the vicinity 500 metres ; for Heterocarpus laevigatus below 700 metres. The species Heterocarpus ensifer , of which the vertical distribution is very spread out from 170 to 600 metres, seems divided into two populations which provide good yields about 300 metres and below of 450 mètres. Data on the environment and the biology of the species where also established, especially on growth and breeding. For example growth of the pandalids is relatively rapid and their life cycle rather short, between three and four or five years according to the species. At least 2 principal egg-laying seasons occur in the annual cycle. Information is given on the isopoda of the family of Cirolanidae, Bathynomus giganteus, which could eventually, under certain conditions, become of interest to the fishermen.
Les pêches expérimentales effectuées dans les eaux profondes circum-martiniquaises,attenantes au plateau insulaire, entre juillet 1991 et avril 1992, avaient pour principal objectif d'établir un premier inventaire des ressources benthiques profondes potentiellement exploitables. Le casier cylindrique , a permis la capture d'une faune carcinologique variée dont 6 espèces au-moins ont présenté un intérêt économique : 5 espèces de crevettes appartenant toutes à l'infra-ordre des Caridea, famille des Pandalidae, Plesionika edwardsi, P. (macropoda) polyacanthomerus, P.laevis, Heterocarpus ensifer et H.laevigatus, et une espèce de langoustine, famille des Nephropidae: Eunephrops cadenasi. Les rendements, comparés à ceux des professionnels, sont moyens ou bons pour Plesionika edwardsi et P.(macropoda) polyacanthomerus entre 200 et 300 mètres de profondeur; pour Plesionika laevis et Eunephrops cadenasi autour de 500 mètres ; pour Heterocarpus laevigatus en-dessous de 700 mètres. L'espèce Heterocarpus ensifer dont la distribution verticale est très étendue, de 170 à 600 mètres, semble divisée en 2 populations pour lesquelles de bons rendements peuvent être obtenus vers 300 mètres et en-dessous de 450 mètres. Des données sur l'environnement et la biologie des espèces ont également été acquises, notamment sur la croissance et la reproduction. Ainsi la croissance des pandalides est relativement rapide et leur longévité plutôt courte, entre 3 et 4 ou 5 années selon les espèces. Au moins deux pontes principales interviennent sur un cycle annuel. Des informations sont données sur l'isopode de la famille des Cirolanidae, Bathynomus giganteus, qui pourrait éventuellement, sous certaines conditions, présenter un intérêt pour les pêcheurs.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-1540.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1540/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : Sea cruises were conducted for 57 days over 16 months to characterise pelagic fish aggregations around 2 moored fish aggregating devices (FADs) in Martinique (Lesser Antilles). Echosounder surveys run in a star pattern were used in conjunction with obliquely beamed sonar observations. An echo-integration-by-shoal algorithm was implemented to isolate pelagic fish shoals from sound scattering layers and to compute mean morphometric, positional and density parameters. Tree regressions were used to select and classify pelagic fish Target Strengths (TS), with reference to their spatial and temporal characteristics. The main type of pelagic fish aggregation was a large sub-surface aggregation. It was observed during all daytime periods within a radius of 400 m of the FAD. A smaller type of aggregation was observed closer to the surface and to the FAD in 65% of daytime periods. Large scattered fish were observed in 16% of daytime periods. At night, a medium-sized aggregation was detected in the sub-surface in 75% of night-time periods. The sizes of the fish inside the aggregations (determined from TS values) were lower in the small near-surface aggregation than in the large sub-surface aggregation. Mean packing densities of sub-surface medium fish and near-surface small fish aggregations (determined from TS and shoal acoustic density) were respectively 0.2 fish per m3 and 1.3 fish per m3. The acoustic methodology and results are discussed with reference to the characteristics and performance of the echosounder and to the spatial structure of pelagic fish aggregations around moored FADs in Martinique.
Fisheries Research (0165-7836) (Elsevier), 2006-06 , Vol. 82 , N. 1-3 , P. 162-175

Droits : Elsevier 2006
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1734.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2006.06.025
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1734/

Éditeur(s) : SPC
Fisheries Newsletter (0248-076X) (SPC), 2011-09 , Vol. 136 , P. 35-45

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00115/22657/20383.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00115/22657/20384.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00115/22657/