Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
The red and white striped Folly Point Lighthouse was built in 1888 at the tip of the Folly Peninsula, near Port Antonio, Portland, Jamaica. The Tower is constructed of masonry and is fire proof. It flashes a white light of two seconds duration followed by eight seconds of darkness. The light is visible for a distance of thirteen miles. In the background is a one-story white house. Slide labeled Port Antonio Jamaica.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Port Antonio, Portland

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031080/00001

Résumé : Arbusto delgado de hasta 2 m de altura, aromático, ramas corto-pilosas. Hojas oblongas a elípticas, u ovadas a ovado-oblongas de 2-4 cm de largo, generalmente obtusas o redondeadas en el ápice, redondeadas o subcordadas en la base; densamente pilosas en el haz, densamente tomentosas y glandulares en el envés; márgenes finamente crenados. Flores en espigas subglobosas a oblongas de 4-12 mm de largo; corola blanca.
Arbuste mince pouvant atteindre 2 m de haut, aromatique, branches courtes et pileuses. Feuilles oblongues à elliptiques, ou ovées à ovées-oblongues de 2-4 cm de long, généralement obtuses ou arrondies à la pointe, arrondies ou subcordées à la base; très pileuses sur le dessus, très tomenteuses et glandulaires sur le dessous; bords finement crénés. Fleurs en épis subarrondies à oblongues de 4-12 mm de long; corolle blanche.
Slender shrub, up to 2 m in height, aromatic, branches short-pilose.  Leaves oblong to elliptic, or ovate to ovate-oblong, 2-4 cm in length, generally obtuse or round at the tip, round or subcordate at the base, densely pilose at the sheaf, densely tomentose and glandular on the underside; margins finely crenate.  Flowers in subglobose to oblong spikes, 4-12 mm in length; corolla white.
Sur de Texas a Nicaragua.
Du Sud du Texas jusqu’;au Nicaragua.
Southern Texas to Nicaragua.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant213

Résumé : Herbácea anual, erecta, de hasta 60 cm; las partes nuevas pubescentes. Hojas elípticas, ovadas u oblongas de 2 a 4 cm, agudas en el ápice, atenuadas en la base, dentadas o enteras, glabras. Inflorescencia verticilada de hasta 20 cm; pedicelos muy cortos, recurvados; cáliz largo-ciliado de 5 mm; corola blanca, de 4 a 5 mm; filamentos superiores con un apéndice dentiforme en la base.
Herbacée annuelle, dressée, pouvant atteindre 60 cm, dont les parties nouvelles sont pubescentes. Feuilles elliptiques, ovées ou oblongues de 2 à 4 cm, aiguës à la pointe, légèrement renflées à la base, dentées ou entières, glabres. Inflorescence verticillée pouvant atteindre 20 cm; pédicelles très courts, incurvés; calice long-cilié de 5 mm; corolle blanche, de 4 à 5 mm; filaments supérieurs avec un appendice denticulé à la base.
Erect annual herb 30-60 cm high. Stems pubescent, leaves elliptic, ovate or sub-rhombic, 2-4 cm x 1-2 cm, tip acute, base narrow, margins lightly dentate or entire, glabrous except on veins; inflorescence verticillate ca. 20 cm long; corolla white to mauve, 4-5 mm long; fruit an oblong, black, minutely verrucose, nutlet.
Originaria de Asia, cultivada en todo el mundo.
Originaire d’;Asie, cultivée dans le monde entier.
Native to Asia, cultivated throughout the world.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant247

Résumé : Herbácea o sufruticosa perenne de hasta 1 m de alto, de olor fétido. Hojas alternas, oblongas a elípticas, agudas a acuminadas en el ápice, generalmente glabras. Espigas de hasta 40 cm, pubérulas; flores perfectas, subsésiles, apétalas. Aquenio de alrededor de 8 mm de largo, cuneado, estriado, con seis cerdas terminales reflexas; semilla solitaria, linear.
Plante herbacée ou suffrutescente pérenne pouvant atteindre 1 m de haut, d’odeur fétide. Feuilles alternes, oblongues à elliptiques, aiguës à acuminées à la pointe, généralement glabres. Epis pouvant atteindre 40 cm, pubérulents; fleurs parfaites, subsessiles, sans pétales. Akène d’environ 8 mm de long, cunéiforme, strié, avec 6 soies terminales courbées vers l';arrière; graine solitaire, linéaire.
A weedy, deeply rooted, subherbaceous perennial 60-150 cm. high with the strong smell of garlic when broken. Leaves spirally arranged, simple, entire, oblong to elliptic, acute to acuminate at the tip, 20 x 7 cm. usually glabrous; Inflorescence a spikes up to 40 cm. long with minute hairs; 4 white perianth, becoming green in fruit; fruit an achene 6-8 mm long, flattened against the rachis of the inflorescence, developing two sharpely pointed, deflex bristles at the tip.
Originaria de América tropical, cultivada y naturalizada en regiones tropicales.
Originaire d’;Amérique tropicale, cultivée et naturalisée dans les régions tropicales.
Native to tropical America, cultivated and naturalized in tropical regions.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant273

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Coral reefs are increasingly being altered by a myriad of anthropogenic activities and natural disturbances. Long-term studies offer unique opportunities to understand how multiple and recurrent disturbances can influence coral reef resilience and long-term dynamics. While the long-term dynamics of coral assemblages have been extensively documented, the long-term dynamics of coral reef fish assemblages have received less attention. Here, we describe the changes in fish assemblages on Tiahura reef, Moorea, from 1979 to 2011. During this 33-yr period, Tiahura was exposed to multiple disturbances (crown-of-thorns seastar outbreaks and cyclones) that caused recurrent declines and recoveries of coral cover and changes in the dominant coral genera. These shifts in coral composition were associated with long-term cascading effects on fish assemblages. The composition and trophic structure of fish assemblages continuously shifted without returning to their initial composition, whereas fish species richness remained stable, albeit with a small increase over time. We detected nonlinear responses of fish density when corals were most degraded. When coral cover dropped below 10 % following a severe crown-of-thorns sea star outbreak, the density of most fish trophic groups sharply decreased. Our study shows that historical contingency may potentially be an important but largely underestimated factor explaining the contemporary structure of reef fish assemblages and suggests that temporal stability in their structure and function should not necessarily be the target of management strategies that aim at increasing or maintaining coral reef resilience.
ISSN: 0722-4028

hal-01282725
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01282725
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-015-1371-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Fault friction is a parameter that is difficult to assess along fault zones since its determination depends on the knowledge of any factor controlling the state of stress around faults. In brittle homogeneous rocks, a limited number of these factors, such as the shape of the fault surface, the vicinity of fault tips or the remote stress ratio, are crucial to constrain for this determination. In this paper, we propose to analyse a field example in which all these properties are met and where the nature of the slipped structure suggest differences in static friction. We compare the orientations of branching fractures at strike-slip relay zones between en echelon stylolites and en echelon joints both reactivated in shear. The field data are compared with both photoelastic and 3-D numerical models that consider the remote stress conditions and the role of the geometry of the strike-slip segments. Based on field observations, these analyses quantitatively demonstrate the significant role of fault friction on the local stress field orientation and subsequent fracture formation. This work points out that estimations of fault friction based on analyses of fracture patterns or in situ stresses must be accompanied with a thorough investigation of the 3-D fault shape, its segmentation and the remote stress state.
ISSN: 0191-8141

hal-00560999
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00560999
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2010.01.008

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Frontiers
Résumé : International audience
The generation of handwriting is a complex neuromotor skill requiring the interaction of many cognitive processes. It aims at producing a message to be imprinted as an ink trace left on a writing medium. The generated trajectory of the pen tip is made up of strokes superimposed over time. The Kinematic Theory of rapid human movements and its family of lognormal models provide analytical representations of these strokes, often considered as the basic unit of handwriting. This paradigm has not only been experimentally confirmed in numerous predictive and physiologically significant tests but it has also been shown to be the ideal mathematical description for the impulse response of a neuromuscular system. This latter demonstration suggests that the lognormality of the velocity patterns can be interpreted as reflecting the behavior of subjects who are in perfect control of their movements. To illustrate this interpretation, we present a short overview of the main concepts behind the Kinematic Theory and briefly describe how its models can be exploited, using various software tools, to investigate these ideal lognormal behaviors. We emphasize that the parameters extracted during various tasks can be used to analyze some underlying processes associated with their realization. To investigate the operational convergence hypothesis, we report on two original studies. First, we focus on the early steps of the motor learning process as seen as a converging behavior toward the production of more precise lognormal patterns as young children practicing handwriting start to become more fluent writers. Second, we illustrate how aging affects handwriting by pointing out the increasing departure from the ideal lognormal behavior as the control of the fine motricity begins to decline. Overall, the paper highlights this developmental process of merging toward a lognormal behavior with learning, mastering this behavior to succeed in performing a given task, and then gradually deviating from it with aging.
ISSN: 1664-1078

hal-01098124
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01098124
DOI : 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.0094

Résumé : Árbol frutal de hasta 20 m, con copa densa, redondeada o elongada.. Hojas alternas, elípticas a obovadas, agudas o acuminadas en el ápice, cuneadas a redondeadas en la base, penninervadas. Panículas más cortas que las hojas, subterminales; flores perfectas, verdoso-amarillentas; lóbulos del cáliz pubescentes en ambas superficies. Fruto muy variable en forma, tamaño, color y calidad de la pulpa.
Arbre fruitier pouvant atteindre 20 m, tête dense, arrondie ou allongée. Feuilles alternes, elliptiques à obovales, aiguës ou acuminées à la pointe, cunéiformes à arrondies à la base, penninervées. Panicules plus courtes que les feuilles, subterminales; fleurs parfaites, vert-jaunâtres; lobes du calice pubescents sur les deux surfaces. Fruit très variable, drupe généralement ovale, écorce verte, pulpe molle renfermant une seule grande graine.
Tree 14-40 m high. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, elliptic to obovate, acute or acuminate at the tip, cuneate or rounded at the base, penninerved, 6-30 cm x 3.5-19 cm. upper surface glabrescent, lower surface glaucose; inflorescence axilary, compact or loose panicles; flowers perfect, greenish-yellowish, perianth segments 4-6 mm long; fruit a pear-shaped drupe, shiny, green or purplish, up to ca.15 cm long; seed fleshy, loose in the pericarp at maturity.
Originaria de América tropical, cultivada en las zonas tropicales y subtropicales.
Originaire d’Amérique tropicale, cultivée dans les zones tropicales et subtropicales.
Native to tropical America, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regio

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant272

Résumé : L’objet de cette thèse est l’étude des comportements mécanique et à la corrosion d’un nouveau système de fondation, dit pieux SPIRMEC, adapté aux structures légères. Le travail s’est focalisé sur deux grands aspects. Le premier aspect concerne l’analyse du comportement sous chargement axiale des pieux SPIRMEC sur la base de l’expérimentation et de la modélisation numérique dans un sol mou non cohésif. Quant au deuxième aspect, il traite du problème de la corrosion de l’acier constituant le pieu dans un environnement tropical humide. Le comportement des pieux SPIRMEC sous une charge axiale de traction, dans un sol fin non cohésif, a montré le développement d’une surface cylindrique de rupture. Celle-ci ne dépend pas de la configuration géométrique des pieux tel que : l’espacement S, le diamètre d’hélice Dh et le diamètre du tube d. En adoptant ce critère de rupture et à l’aide d’une analyse statistique des données, nous avons proposé quatre méthodes analytiques de prédiction de la capacité portante des pieux SPIRMEC à partir des essais in-situ et au laboratoire qui sont: •Méthode CPT basée sur la résistance de pointe pénétromètrique (essai CPT), •Méthode MPT basée sur la pression limite pressiomètrique (essai MPT), •Méthode du couple d’installation, •Méthode analytique basée sur les paramètres de cisaillement de sol notamment l’angle de frottement interne (essais triaxial et boîte de cisaillement). Ces méthodes tiennent compte de la géométrie du pieu, du procédé de mise en oeuvre et de la compacité du sol. L’analyse de performance des méthodes proposées a montré que les méthodes analytique et CPT représentent mieux le comportement des pieux testés. La modélisation numérique du comportement des pieux SPIRMEC sous charge axiale de traction a été également étudiée à l’aide du code de calcul Plaxis 2D. Un modèle axisymétrique a été adopté pour modéliser la géométrie de la structure. Le modèle de comportement hardening soil a été retenu pour modéliser le comportement élastoplastiq des couches de sol. Un modèle élastique linéaire a été retenu pour le pieu. Quant au comportement de l’interface sol-structure, il a été pris en compte par un modèle élastoplastique basé sur les critères de Mohr-Coulomb. L’expansion du sol résultant de l’installation des pieux a été approchée par une cavité cylindrique. Cette dernière a été modélisée par des déformations volumiques anisotropes. Nous avons constaté, qu’appliquer une déformation volumique de l’ordre de 40% permet une bonne concordance entre les résultats numériques et expérimentaux. L’étude paramétrique nous a également permis de constater l’existence d’une variation linéaire entre la capacité portante et l’espacement S. Le comportement de l’acier galvanisé dans le sol a été également étudié au moyen de trois approches: électrochimique, visuelles grâce au microscope électronique et gravimétrique. Les tests électrochimiques de corrosion du zinc ont été réalisés dans la solution de sol artificielle pour deux périodes bien distinctes : saison des pluies et après 8 mois de contact sol-pieu. Une forte dépendance est constatée de la vitesse de corrosion de zinc au pH et à la conductivité de la solution. La vitesse de corrosion est plus importante en saison des pluies qu’après 8 mois de contact de pieu avec le sol. Les fortes concentrations en sulfates semblent augmenter la vitesse de corrosion. Les analyses menées au MEB montrent que la zone de fluctuation de nappe et en surface externe (sol/air) sont les zones les plus corrodées. La comparaison entre les différentes techniques d’évaluation de la vitesse de corrosion a montré que l’eau de nappe peut être utilisée comme un milieu représentatif du profil chimique d’un sol non cohésif et légèrement granulaire.
The purpose of this thesis is to study the both behaviors mechanical and of the corrosion of a new foundation system, called spirec piles, for lightweight structures. The work was based on two main aspects. The first aspect concerns the analysis of behavior of the spirmec piles under axial loading on the basis of experimental and numerical modeling in a non-cohesive soft soil. On the second aspect, it addresses the problem of corrosion of steel forming the pile in a humid tropical environment. The behavior of the tested piles under axial traction load, in a non-cohesive soil, showed the development of a cylindrical surface of failure. This does not depend on the geometrical configuration of the tested piles such that: the spacing s, the helix diameter dh and the diameter of the shaft. By adopting this failure criterion and using statistical data analysis, we proposed four analytical methods for predicting the bearing capacity of the piles from in-situ and laboratory tests, which are: cpt method based on tip resistance penetrometer (cpt test), mpt method based on pressuremeter limit pressure (test mpt), method of installation torque and analytical method based on the shear parameters of soil (triaxial tests and shear box). These methods take into account the geometry of the pile, the method and implementation of soil compaction. Performance analysis of the proposed methods showed that the analytical methods and cpt represent better the behavior of piles tested. An axisymmetric condition was assumed to model this geometry in two-dimensional space. In this study, we proposed to model the pipe screw pile with plates elements available in plaxis 2d. The helixes were modeled as circular disks. Interface elements were incorporated along the pile to simulate the soil-pile interaction. Hardening soil model was chosen to describe the soil with drained behavior was assigned for all layers. Linear elastic for pile and elastic plastic model based on the mohr-coulomb criterion was used to describe the interface behavior. The lateral expansion generated by the pile shaft was modeled by anisotropic volumetric strains (ɛxx=ɛzz, ɛyy=0). The pile behavior under tensile loading at different volumetric strains, it is clear that the best fit was obtained at volumetric strain of 40%. The parametric study also allowed us to establish the existence of a linear variation between the bearing capacity and spacings. The behavior of the galvanized steel in the ground has also been studied using three approaches such as: electrochemical, microscopic imaging and gravimetrically. Electrochemical tests of the corrosion of the zinc have been made in artificial soil solution into two periods, the rainy season and after eight months of contact soil-pile. Is a strong dependence of the observed corrosion rate of the zinc at the ph and conductivity of the solution. The corrosion rate is higher in the rainy season compared to eight months of contact of the pile with soil. High sulfate concentrations increase the rate of corrosion. The meb analysis shows that the fluctuation zone of the water table is the most corroded area. Comparison between the different methods of evaluating the corrosion rate showed that the ground water may be used as a representative profile of the chemical environment of a non-cohesive soil and slightly granular.

http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0790/document