Éditeur(s) : Cassell, Petter & Galpin Cassell, Petter & Galpin ( London, Paris, New York )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) as related by himself, by Daniel Defoe ; with upwards of one hundred illustrations.
Spine and cover title: Robinson Crusoe; half title: The life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe.
Date based on imprint information. Cassell Petter & Galpin opened a Paris office in 1871 and the above form of publisher's name was used from 1858 to 1878. Cf. Brit. literary pub. houses, 1820-1880.
Some ill. drawn by P. Justyne, R.P. Leitch, T. Macquoid, AP, and GHT George Houseman Thomas; some engraved by T. Bolton, Butterworth & Heath, T. Cobb, J. Cooper, W.J. Linton, R.S. Marriott, Morgan, Pearson, W.L. Thomas, and F. Wentworth.
Cowper's verse, p. xiii-xiv.
Publisher's advertisement (4 p.) at end.
Half title p. and front. included in pre-paging.
All pages (1-394) in decorative borders.
Parts I and II Robinson Crusoe. Pt. II originally published under title: Farther adventures of Robinson Crusoe.
England -- London
France -- Paris
United States -- New York -- New York

Droits : This item is presumed to be in the public domain. The University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries respect the intellectual property rights of others and do not claim any copyright interest in this item. Users of this work have responsibility for determining copyright status prior to reusing, publishing or reproducing this item for purposes other than what is allowed by fair use or other copyright exemptions. Any reuse of this item in excess of fair use or other copyright exemptions may require permission of the copyright holder. The Smathers Libraries would like to learn more about this item and invite individuals or organizations to contact The Department of Special and Area Studies Collections (special@uflib.ufl.edu) with any additional information they can provide.
28050571

Éditeur(s) : C. Scribner C. Scribner ( New York )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) with illustrations engraved on wood by G. Pearson, after drawings by the author.
Great Britain
West Indies, British
West Indies

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
023364854
01853403
02013432
DP0005017

Éditeur(s) : J. Thomson [etc., etc.] J. Thomson [etc., etc.] ( Demerara )
Résumé : (Numbering Peculiarities) The volumes are grouped in series as follows: v. 1-5, 1882-86; new ser. v. 1-12, 1887-1898/99; 1900-02 (unnumbered); 3d ser. v. 1- 1911-
(Numbering Peculiarities) Volume for 1912 is lettered on cover "The colony volume"; 1917, War volume"; 1918, "Historical illustrated volume"; 1919, "Colonisation volume"; 1921, "Progressive volume".
Semiannual (June, Dec.) 1882-97; new ser. v.12 in 2 parts covering the years 1898-99; annual, 1900-02; irregular, 1911-
1900-02 have title: Journal of the Royal agricultural and commercial society of British Guiana.
The publication was suspended after 1902, but was revived Jan. 1911 under the original title.
Reports and proceedings of the society are included in each volume.
"Agricultural societies in British Guiana. An historical sketch, by Thomas Watt": v. 5, 1886, p. [255]-273.
"Clubs and societies in British Guiana to 1844. By James Rodway": new ser. v. 6, 1892, p. [69]-90.
Title was chosen for the New York and Northeast agriculture and natural history preservation project, 1998-2001. The project was carried out by the Cornell University, A.R. Mann Library, New York State Library, and New York Public Library and funded in part by the New York State Dept. of Education.
Editors: 1882-86, E. F. im Thurn.--1887-92, 1898-99, J.J. Quelch.--1893-97, James Rodway.--1911- J.J. Nunan (1911, 1917-19, with J. Rodway; 1912- with J. Aiken and G. Franks).--1921- J. Rodway.
Digitized volumes available from Internet Archive. Digitized volumes include Pearson, J.G. “The Life History of an East Indian in British Guiana.” Timehri: the journal of the Royal agricultural and commercial society of British Guiana (1882), http://archive.org/stream/timehrijournalr06guiagoog#page/n145/mode/2up/search/%22Life+History+%22
Record-only item with link to the full digital resource added to support use of this text in the Panama Silver and Asian Gold course to be taught at three institutions starting in Fall 2013.

320094747
ocn320094747
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00015950/00001

Éditeur(s) : Longmans Longmans
Résumé : Les Anglais dans les Indes occidentales. Gravures
Barbade
Trinité-et-Tobago
Grenade
Dominique
Jamaïque
Cuba
19

Droits : Domaine public
patrimon:HASH1f8a614646a92da7410ddd

Éditeur(s) : Longmans, Green, & co. Longmans, Green, & co. ( London )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) By Lady Brassey. With 292 illustrations engraved on wood by G. Pearson and J. Cooper after drawings by R. T. Pritchett.
Illustrated t.-p.
Half-title: 14,000 miles in the ʻSunbeam' in 1883.
West Indies, British

001366264
02748846
AGM7749
01020778

Éditeur(s) :  :
Résumé : article sur "Le canal interocéanique de Panama"
N°7
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16118-11
MMC16118-11

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Sampling design is a key issue when establishing species inventories and characterizing habitats within highly heterogeneous landscapes. Sampling efforts in such environments may be constrained and many field studies only rely on subjective and/or qualitative approaches to design collection strategy. The region of Cacao, in French Guiana, provides an excellent study site to understand the presence and abundance of Anopheles mosquitoes, their species dynamics and the transmission risk of malaria across various environments. We propose an objective methodology to define a stratified sampling design. Following thorough environmental characterization, a factorial analysis of mixed groups allows the data to be reduced and non-collinear principal components to be identified while balancing the influences of the different environmental factors. Such components defined new variables which could then be used in a robust k-means clustering procedure. Then, we identified five clusters that corresponded to our sampling strata and selected sampling sites in each stratum. RESULTS: We validated our method by comparing the species overlap of entomological collections from selected sites and the environmental similarities of the same sites. The Morisita index was significantly correlated (Pearson linear correlation) with environmental similarity based on i) the balanced environmental variable groups considered jointly (p = 0.001) and ii) land cover/use (p-value<0.001). The Jaccard index was significantly correlated with land cover/use-based environmental similarity (p-value = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results validate our sampling approach. Land cover/use maps (based on high spatial resolution satellite images) were shown to be particularly useful when studying the presence, density and diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes at local scales and in very heterogeneous landscapes.
BMC Ecology

pasteur-00914104
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00914104
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00914104/document
DOI : 10.1186/1472-6785-13-45
PUBMED : 24289184

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Mosquito Control Association
Résumé : Research on natural insecticides has intensified with the spread of resistance to chemicals among insects, particularly disease vectors. To evaluate compounds, the World Health Organization (WHO) has published standardized procedures. However, those may be excessively compound-consuming when it comes to assessing the activity of natural extracts and pure compounds isolated in limited amount. As part of our work on the discovery of new mosquito larvicides from Amazonian plants, we developed a compound-saving assay in 5-ml glass tubes instead of WHO larval 100-m1 cups. Comparing activity of synthetic and natural chemicals validated the glass tube assay. Raw data, lethal doses that kill 50% (LD50) and 90% (LD90) at 24 and 48 h, were highly correlated (0.68 < R-2 < 0.96, P < 0.001, Pearson test) between cups and tubes. It was also established that 10 tubes (N = 50 larvae) provided the same level of sensitivity as 20 tubes (N= 100). This method proved suitable for rapid screening of natural extracts and molecules, identifying active compounds using 10 times less material than in the WHO protocol.
ISSN: 8756-971X

hal-01602207
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01602207
DOI : 10.2987/16-6613.1
PRODINRA : 394297
PUBMED : 28206865

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : This contribution reports our preliminary work to determine Cu isotope ratios for various granite rocks and examine the Cu isotope systematics within granite suites. A chemical procedure, modified from Marechal [Marechal, C.N., Telouk, R and Albarede, F., 1999. Precise analysis of copper and zinc isotopic compositions by plasma-source mass spectrometry. Chemical Geology, 156(1-4): 251-273.], Was used to separate Cu from rock matrix. Quantitative recovery (100.6 +/- 1.6%), with a low total procedural blank (2.65 +/- 0.66 ng) for Cu, has been achieved, allowing Cu isotopic measurements on samples with as little as 10 ppm Cu. The Cu isotope ratios (delta Cu-65 relative to NIST SRM 976) of 32 rock samples, ranging from mafic to felsic compositions, from 3 batholiths (2 I-type, 1 S-type) from the Lachlan Fold Belt in southeastern Australia. vary from -0.46 parts per thousand to 1.51 parts per thousand. Most of them cluster around zero, With mean values for the I-type and S-type granites of 0.03 +/- 0.15 parts per thousand and - 0.03 +/- 0.42 parts per thousand (2 sigma) respectively. These data, together with Cu isotope ratios of two loess samples, provide preliminary evidence that the baseline Cu isotopic composition of the crystalline part of upper continental crust is close to zero. The tight clustering of Cu isotope ratios of rocks from the I-type suites Suggests that high-temperature magmatic processes do not produce significant Cu isotope fractionation. However, two granites with abnormally heavy Cu isotope signatures (up to 1.51 parts per thousand) appears to be the result of localized hydrothermal alteration. Measurable variation in Cu isotopic composition of the S-type granite may reflect isotopic heterogeneity in the sedimentary Source region as a result of redox processes or may be due to hydrothermal overprinting. Thus, Cu isotope geochemistry may be a useful tracer for studying hydrothermal alteration and Source heterogeneity of granitic rocks.
ISSN: 0009-2541

hal-00413130
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00413130
DOI : 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.047

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Pearson
Résumé : Cet ouvrage offre une vue d'ensemble de la macroéconomie. Il explique en détail toutes les notions qui s'y rattachent : PIB, croissance, inflation, politique économique, marché du travail, chômage, marchés financiers et taux de change. Les grands événements économiques sont étudiés, anciens (la Grande Dépression) ou récents (crise financière de 2008), ainsi que les grandes tendances actuelles (chômage en Europe, inégalités aux Etats-Unis). Cette 5e édition comprend de nombreux changements afin de rendre compte des développements récents de l'économie mondiale et de la recherche en macroéconomie (essor de l'économie chinoise, traitement des effets des variations du prix du pétrole cette dernière décennie, analyse de la relation entre le niveau de vie et des mesures du bonheur, rôle des institutions sur la croissance). La crise financière fait l'objet d'une analyse détaillée. Un chapitre, complètement nouveau, y est exclusivement consacré, et des éléments d'analyse des politiques monétaires et budgétaires adoptées au cours des derniers trimestres sont apportés. En outre, pour cette nouvelle édition, toutes les données chiffrées (chômage, inflation, croissance, PIB, etc.) ont été actualisées afin que le lecteur dispose des informations les plus à jour. De même, les graphiques et tableaux ont été actualisés et certaines activités ont été modifiées ou remplacées.
https://hal-pjse.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00813016

hal-00813016
https://hal-pjse.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00813016

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Gallimard
Extrait de : Carnet de voyage
Résumé : Deuxième édition
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA12009
FRA12009

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Taylor & Francis
Résumé : Modern geochronology has moved beyond the acquisition of dates: the goal is to understand the significance of these numbers for the geodynamic evolution of Earth at all scales. The coupling of the laser-ablation microprobe (LAM) to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICPMS, multicollector (MC)-ICPMS) has revolutionised geochronology and geochemistry over the last 10 years. These systems enable the rapid and precise in situ analysis of trace-element patterns and isotopic systems, while adding information related to microstructural context and major-element composition. The integration of these multiple sources of data is crucial in constraining the origin of the sample and the processes leading to its formation, so that we can understand the meaning of a date in terms of geological events. LAM-ICPMS measurement of U-Pb ages and trace-element patterns in zircon, coupled with LAM-MC-ICPMS analysis of Hf isotopes in the same grains, gives new insights into the processes of magma genesis. Applied to detrital zircons from modern drainages or sedimentary rocks (the TerraneChron approach), it becomes a powerful tool to investigate problems of crustal evolution on scales ranging from single terranes to continents. The in situ analysis (LAM-MC-ICPMS) of Re-Os systematics in single grains of sulfides in mantle-derived peridotites has demonstrated that most mantle rocks contain several generations of Os-bearing sulfides; whole-rock analyses are mixtures reflecting multiple melting and metasomatic events in the lithospheric mantle. These deep-seated events are commonly mirrored in the crust; Os model-age spectra from xenolith suites show age 'peaks' that correspond to the ages of thermal/tectonic events in the overlying crust, suggesting strong linkages between crust and mantle. Integrated studies of the timing and nature of crustal and mantle events, using these techniques, will be important for understanding the large-scale dynamics of the Earth.
ISSN: 0812-0099

hal-00411328
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00411328
DOI : 10.1080/08120090802097450

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD MDPI
Résumé : International audience
Malaria remains one of the most common vector-borne diseases in the world and the definition of novel control strategies can benefit from the modeling of transmission processes. However, data-driven models are often difficult to build, as data are very often incomplete, heterogeneous in nature and in quality, and/or biased. In this context, a knowledge-based approach is proposed to build a robust and general landscape-based hazard index for malaria transmission that is tailored to the Amazonian region. A partial knowledge-based model of the risk of malaria transmission in the Amazonian region, based on landscape features and extracted from a systematic literature review, was used. Spatialization of the model was obtained by generating land use and land cover maps of the cross-border area between French Guiana and Brazil, followed by computing and combining landscape metrics to build a set of normalized landscape-based hazard indices. An empirical selection of the best index was performed by comparing the indices in terms of adequacy with the knowledge-based model, intelligibility and correlation with P. falciparum incidence rates. The selected index is easy to interpret and successfully represents the current knowledge about the role played by landscape patterns in malaria transmission within the study area. It was significantly associated with P. falciparum incidence rates, using the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients (up to 0.79 and 0.75, respectively; p-value < 0.001), and the linear regression coefficient of determination (reaching 0.63; p-values < 0.001). This study establishes a spatial knowledge-driven, landscape-based hazard malaria index using remote sensing that can be easily produced on a regular basis and might be useful for malaria prediction, surveillance, and control. Keywords: remote sensing; land use and land cover; landscape metric; knowledge-based hazard modeling; malaria; cross-border area between French Guiana and Brazil
ISSN: 2072-4292

hal-01355255
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01355255
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01355255/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01355255/file/010066865.pdf
IRD : fdi:010066865

Éditeur(s) : Paris : O. Doin
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11075
FRA11075

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the Hooper's Index variations (i.e., self-ratings of fatigue, stress, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and sleep) on rating of perceived exertion during a 10 min, submaximal exercise training session (RPE-10 min) and then check the stability and the internal consistency of RPE-10 min. Seventeen junior soccer players took part in this study. The individual Hooper's indices takenbefore each training session were correlated with RPE-10 min during a constant intensity and duration effort (10 min) using Pearson product moment correlation. Intraclass correlation (ICC) was used to assess the internal consistency of the RPE-10 min. All individual correlations between RPE-10 min and quality of sleep and quantity of fatigue, stress, and DOMS were non-significant (p N 0.05). No significant correlations wereresulted between RPE-10 min and Hooper's Index in all athletes. The ICC of RPE-10 min was 0.77 thus demonstrating internal consistency. The results of the present study demonstrated the objectivity and utility of RPE as a psychological tool for monitoring training during traditional soccer training. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that fatigue, stress, DOMS and sleep are not major contributors of perceived exertionduring traditional soccer training without excessive training loads. It seems that psychobiological factors other than fatigue, stress, DOMS and sleep may have mediated the 10 min exercise perceptual intensity.
ISSN: 0031-9384

hal-01163440
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01163440
DOI : 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.06.016

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
The western part of the Ronda peridotite massif (Southern Spain) consists mainly of highly foliated spinel-peridotite tectonites and undeformed granular peridotites that are separated by a recrystallization front. The spinel tectonites are interpreted as volumes of ancient subcontinental lithospheric mantle and the granular peridotites as a portion of subcontinental lithospheric mantle that underwent partial melting and pervasive percolation of basaltic melts induced by Cenozoic asthenospheric upwelling. The Re-Os isotopic signature of sulfides from the granular domain and the recrystallization front mostly coincides with that of grains in the spinel tectonites. This indicates that the Re-Os radiometric system in sulfides was highly resistant to partial melting and percolation of melts induced by Cenozoic lithospheric thermal erosion. The Re-Os isotopic systematics of sulfides in the Ronda peridotites thus mostly conserve the geochemical memory of ancient magmatic events in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Os model ages record two Proterozoic melting episodes at similar to 1.6 to 1.8 and 1.2-1.4 Ga, respectively. The emplacement of the massif into the subcontinental lithospheric mantle probably coincided with one of these depletion events. A later metasomatic episode caused the precipitation of a new generation of sulfides at similar to 0.7 to 0.9 Ga. These Proterozoic Os model ages are consistent with results obtained for several mantle suites in Central/Western Europe and Northern Africa as well as with the Nd model ages of the continental crust of these regions. This suggests that the events recorded in mantle sulfides of the Ronda peridotites reflect different stages of generation of the continental crust in the ancient Gondwana supercontinent.
ISSN: 0010-7999

hal-00564508
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00564508
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-009-0429-y

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Highly siderophile element concentrations (HSE: Re and platinum-group elements (PGE)) are presented for gabbros, gabbroic eclogites and basaltic eclogites from the high-pressure Zermatt-Saas ophiolite terrain, Switzerland. Rhenium and PGE (Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd) abundances in gabbro- and eclogite-hosted sulphides, and Re-Os isotopes and elemental concentrations in silicate phases are also reported. This work, therefore, provides whole rock and mineral-scale insights into the PGE budget of gabbroic oceanic crust and the effects of subduction metamorphism on gabbroic and basaltic crust. Chondrite-normalised PGE patterns for the gabbros are similar to published mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB), but show less inter-element fractionation. Mean Pt and Pd contents of 360 and 530 pg/g, respectively, are broadly comparable to MORB, but gabbros have somewhat higher abundances of Os, Ir and Ru (mean: 64, 57 and 108 pg/g). Transformation to eclogite has not significantly changed the concentrations of the PGE, except Pd which is severely depleted in gabbroic eclogites relative to gabbros (similar to 75% loss). In contrast, basaltic eclogites display significant depletion of Pt (>= 60%), Pd (>85%) and Re (50-60%) compared with published MORB, while Os, Ir and Ru abundances are broadly comparable. Thus, these data suggest that only Pt, Pd and Re, and not Os, Ir and Ru, may be significantly fluxed into the mantle wedge from mafic oceanic crust. Re-Os model ages for gabbroic and gabbroic eclogite minerals are close to age estimates for igneous crystallisation and high-pressure metamorphism, respectively, hence the HSE budgets can be related to both igneous and metamorphic behaviour. The gabbroic budget of Os, Ir, Ru and Pd (but not Pt) is dominated by sulphide, which typically hosts >90% of the Os, whereas silicates account for most of the Re (with up to 75% in plagioclase alone). Sulphides in gabbroic eclogites tend to host a smaller proportion of the total Os (10-90%) while silicates are important hosts, probably reflecting Os inheritance from precursor phases. Garnet contains very high Re concentrations and may account for >50% of Re in some samples. The depletion of Pd in gabbroic eclogites appears linked, at least in part, to the loss of Ni-rich sulphide. Both basaltic and gabbroic oceanic crust have elevated Pt/Os ratios, but Pt/Re ratios are not sufficiently high to generate the coupled Os-186-Os-187 enrichments observed in some mantle melts, even without Pt loss from basaltic crust. However, the apparent mobility of Pt and Re in slab fluids provides an alternative mechanism for the generation of Pt- and Re-rich mantle material, recently proposed as a potential source of Os-187-Os-186 enrichment.
ISSN: 0016-7037

hal-00420072
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420072
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.036

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Chromitite pods in the Mayarí-Cristal ophiolitic massif (eastern Cuba) were formed in the Late Cretaceous when island arc tholeiites and MORB-like back-arc basin basalts reacted with residual mantle peridotites and generated chromite-rich bodies enclosed in dunite envelopes. Platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the podiform chromitites exhibit important Os-isotope heterogeneities at the kilometric, hand sample and thin section scales. 187Os/188Os calculated at the time of chromitite crystallization (~90 Ma) ranges between 0.1185 and 0.1295 (γOs = −7.1 to +1.6, relative to enstatite chondrite), and all but one PGM have subchondritic 187Os/188Os. Grains in a single hand sample have initial 187Os/188Os that spans from 0.1185 to 0.1274, and in one thin section it varies between 0.1185 and 0.1232 in two PGM included in chromite which are only several millimeters apart. As the Os budget of a single micrometric grain derives from a mantle region that was at least several m3 in size, the variable Os isotopic composition of PGM in the Mayarí-Cristal chromitites probably reflects the heterogeneity of their mantle sources on the 10-100 m scale. Our results show that this heterogeneity was not erased by pooling and mingling of individual melt batches during chromitite crystallization but was transferred to the ore deposits on mineral scale. The distribution of the Os model ages calculated for PGM shows four main peaks, at ~100, 500, 750 and 1,000 Ma. These variable Os model ages reflect the presence of different depleted domains in the oceanic (Pacific-related) upper mantle of the Greater Antilles paleo-subduction zone. The concordance between the age of crystallization of the Mayarí-Cristal chromitites and the most recent peak of the Os model age distribution in PGM supports that Os in several grains was derived from fertile domains of the upper mantle, whose bulk Os isotopic composition is best approximated by that of enstatite chondrites; on the other hand, most PGM are crystallized by melts that tapped highly refractory mantle sources.
ISSN: 0010-7999

hal-00822742
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00822742
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-010-0575-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : National audience
Introduction L’objectif de cette étude est de disposer de données qualitatives et quantitatives sur la contamination de l’environnement intérieur hospitalier, microbiologique et chimique, afin d’évaluer l’exposition du personnel, des visiteurs et des patients et la variabilité spatio-temporelle de la contamination. Méthodes L’étude s’est déroulée dans différents lieux des CHU de Rennes et de Nancy : hall d’accueil, salle de soins infirmiers, salle de réveil post-opératoire, chambre d’un patient, unité de désinfection des endoscopes, laboratoire de parasitologie et salle de découpe de plâtres. Deux campagnes de prélèvement ont eu lieu en été 2014 et en hiver 2015. Les méthodes de prélèvement étaient nombreuses et complémentaires (Fig. 1). L’analyse des données a été réalisée sous IBM SPSS grâce au test de Mann-Whitney et le coefficient de corrélation de Pearson. Résultats Les concentrations d’aldéhydes, de composés organiques volatils (COV) et semi-volatils étaient faibles à très faibles dans les 2 établissements. Étaient détectables, mais sans différences globales entre les 2 établissements : la contamination fongique (m = 226 UFC/m3 ; p = 0,97) ou bactérienne (m = 352 UFC/m3 ; p = 0,14), les particules PM2,5 (m = 2,1 μg/m3 ; p = 0,97) et PM10 (m = 6,6 μg/m3 ; p = 0,84). Sur le plan saisonnier, la contamination fongique était plus importante en été pour les 2 établissements (p = 0,002). La contamination bactérienne ne varie pas significativement entre les locaux (p = 0,14) contrairement à la contamination fongique (p = 0,02) et particulaires PM2,5 (p = 0,01) ou PM10 (p = 0,01). Cette dernière est plus importante dans le hall (m = 879 UFC/m3), le laboratoire de parasitologie (m = 333 UFC/m3) et la salle de plâtre (m = 310 UFC/m3). Nous ne retrouvons pas de corrélation significative entre le nombre de personnes, le taux de CO2, l’humidité relative et le dénombrement bactérien ou fongique. Néanmoins nous retrouvons une relation forte entre la température du local et la contamination bactérienne (r = 0,7, p = 0,008) ou la contamination fongique (r = 0,56, p = 0,045) d’une part, et entre la contamination fongique et les PM10 (r = 0,52, p = 0,022) d’autre part. Conclusion Notre étude montre une très faible contamination par les aldéhydes, COV et sCOV comparativement à d’autres lieux publics. La forte variabilité spatio-temporelle de la contamination fongique et particulaire est liée à la saison, à l’activité et à la ventilation
ISSN: 1156-5233

hal-01334070
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01334070
DOI : 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.04.026

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a major health problem in French Guiana, with a mean of 3800 cases each year. A previous study in Camopi, an Amerindian village on the Oyapock River, highlighted the major contribution of environmental features to the incidence of malaria attacks. We propose a method for the objective selection of the best multivariate peridomestic landscape characterisation that maximises the chances of identifying relationships between environmental features and malaria incidence, statistically significant and meaningful from an epidemiological point of view. METHODS: A land-cover map, the hydrological network and the geolocalised inhabited houses were used to characterise the peridomestic landscape in eleven discoid buffers with radii of 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 metres. Buffer-based landscape characterisations were first compared in terms of their capacity to discriminate between sites within the geographic space and of their effective multidimensionality in variable space. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was then used to select the landscape model best explaining the incidences of P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria. Finally, we calculated Pearson correlation coefficients for the relationships between environmental variables and malaria incidence, by species, for the more relevant buffers. RESULTS: The optimal buffers for environmental characterisation had radii of 100 m around houses for P. vivax and 400 m around houses for P. falciparum. The incidence of P. falciparum malaria seemed to be more strongly linked to environmental features than that of P. vivax malaria, within these buffers. The incidence of P. falciparum malaria in children was strongly correlated with proportions of bare soil (r = -0.69), land under high vegetation (r = 0.68) and primary forest (r = 0.54), landscape division (r = 0.48) and the number of inhabited houses (r = -0.60). The incidence of P. vivax malaria was associated only with landscape division (r = 0.49). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed methodology provides a simple and general framework for objective characterisation of the landscape to account for field observations. The use of this method enabled us to identify different optimal observation horizons around houses, depending on the Plasmodium species considered, and to demonstrate significant correlations between environmental features and the incidence of malaria.
ISSN: 1476-072X

inserm-00674075
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00674075
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00674075/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00674075/file/1476-072X-10-65.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/1476-072X-10-65