Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles
Extrait de : Les rencontres culturelles de la BU 2016-2017. Université des Antilles
Description : Nous irons voir Pelé sans payer, de Gilles Élie-Dit-Cosaque (2014). Ce documentaire projeté à la Bibliothèque Universitaire de la Martinique le jeudi 1er décembre 2016, s'est déroulé en présence du réalisateur, qui s'est prêté à un échange avec le public à l'issue de la projection. En janvier 1971, le Santos FC, le club de foot mythique de São Paulo avec à sa tête le roi Pelé", débarque en Martinique afin de disputer un match contre les meilleurs joueurs locaux. La belle affiche a un prix, le prix du billet est multiplié par 10. Un petit groupe d'extrême gauche fraîchement constitué, baptisé « Groupe d'Action prolétarienne », voit là l'occasion d'un coup d'éclat politique. Tout est bon pour la révolution. Ils mettent en branle un mouvement dont le mot d'ordre sera « Nous irons voir Pelé sans payer ». Pendant que les footballeurs s'entraînent, l'agitation prend de l'ampleur. Alors, forces de l'ordre ou manifestants, Martinique ou Brésil, dans la rue ou sur le terrain... Qui gagnera le match ?
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16339
V16339

Éditeur(s) : CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe
Description : L'intervention portera sur la présence haïtienne en Guyane. La réflexion sera orientée sur le contexte dans lequel se vit une « identité de migrant » afin de saisir la manière dont les individus y mobilisent des traits identitaires et y puisent des éléments d'identification. Nous verrons d'abord dans quelle situation s'inscrit la migration haïtienne au regard des processus d'affirmation culturelle et politique en Guyane qui, depuis les années soixante-dix, posent d'une manière spécifique la question de l'immigration dans la configuration sociale. Ensuite, après avoir décrit la mise en place des réseaux migratoires vers la Guyane, on s'intéressera à la manière dont les représentations des migrants se sont progressivement élaborées. De là, seront présentées les situations vécues et les appartenances identitaires revendiquées. Nous irons des modalités à travers lesquelles la catégorisation en tant qu'étrangers est construite à la manière dont les migrants la perçoivent en montrant, d'une part, comment elle est élaborée collectivement, c'est-à-dire dans la revendication d'une appartenance nationale haïtienne, et d'autre part, comment elle se décline différemment à un niveau individuel. Les données éclaireront la compréhension du contexte guyanais, dont la dimension multiculturelle fait aujourd'hui la singularité.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16118
V16118

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Exhibits showcasing handheld farming tools, such as a stone mortar, wooden pestle, machete, iron hoes, forks, shovels, and a stone wheel. The main exhibit is flanked by a smaller exhibit displaying a donkey harness made of rope and wicker baskets used in transportation. These exhibits are located in the People’s Museum of Craft and Technology, Spanish Town, Saint Catherine, Jamaica. Slide labeled Jam. Museum of Spanish Town.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Spanish Town, Saint Catherine

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031089/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer/Terra Scientific Publishing Company
Résumé : International audience
We report oil the discovery of magnetite nanoparticles ranging in size from 2 to 14 full in the mineralized zones of the Pena Colorada iron-ore deposit, southern Mexico. Micrometric scale magnetite was magnetically reduced and divided into distinct size ranges: 85-56 mu m, 56-30 mu m, 30-22 mu m, 22-15 mu m, 15-10 mu m, 10-7 mu m and 7-2 mu m. Nanometric-scale magnetite in the size range 2-14 nm was identified. The magnetite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmitted and reflected light microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high angle annular dark field, Mossbauer spectroscopy and its magnetic properties. Crystallographic identification of nanostructures Was performed using high-resolution TEM. Characteristic changes were observed when the particles make the size transition from micro- to nanometric sizes, as follows: (1) frequency-dependent magnetic Susceptibility percentage (chi FD%) measurements Show high Values (13%) for the 2-14 nm fractions attributed to dominant fractions of superparamagnetic particles; (2) variations of chi FD% < 4.5% in fractions of 56-0.2 mu m occur in association with the presence of microparticles formed by magnetite aggregates of nanoparticles (< 15 nm) embedded in berthierine; (3) Mossbauer spectroscopy results identified a superparamagnetic fraction; (4) nanometric and 0.2-3 mu m grain size magnetite particles require a magnetic field up to 152 mT to reach saturation during the isothermal remanent magnetization experiment; (5) coercivity and remanent magnetization of the magnetite increase when the particle size decreases, probably due to parallel Coupling effects; (6) two-magnetic Susceptibility versus temperature experiments of the same 2-14 nm sample show that the reversibility during the second heating is due to the formation of new magnetite nanoparticles and growth of those already present. during the first heating process.
ISSN: 1343-8832

hal-00413053
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00413053

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Although the photographer did not name the building in this photograph, making it difficult to identify, it is a typical catholic church, possibly dating back to the 17th or 18th century. It is obvious that the church is open for visitors due to the street venders selling t-shirts on the bottom right and the woman standing in front of the iron gate is possibly there to collect tickets or charge admission.
Cuba -- Caribbean region

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 27: 20
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01200439/00001

Résumé : (Donation) This report was donated by Gaiutra Bahadur who came across it in when doing research for her soon to be published book "Coolie Woman" "Coolie Woman" is scheduled to be published in 2012 by The University of Chicago Press in the US and Hurst & Co. in the UK. An excerpt from the book first appeared in the Spring 2011 issue of the U.S. literary magazine The Virginia Quarterly Review (http://www.vqronline.org/articles/2011/spring/bahadur-coolie/) and was then reprinted in India in the Sept. 2011 issue of The Caravan magazine. The whole excerpt is up at the Caravan's Web site: http://www.caravanmagazine.in/Story/1058/Her-Middle-Passage.html
(Internal Comments) Notes from the Report Arrived October 31, 1898 Dr. Arthur Harrison, SS G.H. Rock, Captain 673 landed 436 men // 438 embarked 191 women // 192 embarked 19 boys 19 girls 8 infants 9 births 4 deaths, one a baby born on board 54 marriages 37 served before in BG, 21 in other colonies * measles epidemic early in voyage until they crossed the Equator, 38 days in, almost daily there were heavy squalls with rain; misery of seasickness, vessel pitching and rolling heavily * got to sea July 14 - the very worst month of the whole year, having to face the full force of the southwest monsoon, Sujaria's would have been the same timing the coal of inferior quality and ran short, meaning water and cooked meals less for immigrants surgeon's journal: july 28: no 167 baijooporai, m, 20, was reported missing at 3 p.m. [cause of death in death list "lost over board" no. 178 lachman states that on 25th instant at sunset baijoo was in his berth suffering from seasickness; later on he saw him take his blanket, get up and go away... lachman states baijoo was a very quiet well-behaved man, shewing no signs of mental aberration, but was very seasick. no further information could be obtained regarding his disappearance. from the emigrants or crew. ... september 25: "No 696, Nobibux, m., 20 years, and No 351 Mohangu, m, 22 years, were caught about midnight by a sirdar named Rambocus committing sodomy. When brought up before the Captain and myself they both confessed their guilt. Nobibux stated that for the last ten years he had allowed men to commit acts of beastliness: he had no doubt induced Mohangu to do this criminal act. Nobibux was put in irons and Mohangu, after blistering his penis, was made to holystone [scrub the decks] from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily." [latitude 35.17 s. and longitude 22.10 e.] [nobibux handcuffed every night from sept 25 to landing on oct 31, as was a man who had jumped overboard and was rescued] criminal charges brought against two immigrants; in CO marginalia, discussion over the legality of the punishment and doubt expressed over whether there was any sodomy committed at all; indication there wasn't enough proof to prosecute: "the men should have been put in confinement and tried in British Guiana for an offense committed on the high seas on board a British vessel..."; fine the surgeon but should he be barred from re-employment? inspector general of police investigated; attorney general decided not to prosecute; IAG criticizes SS for punishing the two without fully and carefully enquiring into the case. violated Rule 165 relating to colonial emigration, which strictly prohibits harsh treatment of the people The contract with the surgeon superintendant enclosed shows that each was granted a pint of wine per day and stout. This surgeon was given 20 shillings per immigrant landed alive. for immigrants classified as invalids on embarking, if they died during voyage, he received a pro-rated amount, based on how long they lived; wife not allowed to go along. Arthur Harrison, SS, states on November 4, 1898: [on 25th Sept, when near the Cape of Good Hope, his compounder Abdul Wahed reported to him at 8 a.m. that he heard two men had committed sodomy during the night. he told the compounder to take the men to the hospital, where he would question them.] [witness, the sirdar Rambuccus, brought in with the two men. questioned in front of them, he said that he was on watch in between decks at midnight and "saw something unusual between these two men, they being under one blanket; he pulled off the blanket and saw them committing sodomy." he called the head sirdar at once. the prisoners denied it to the head sirdar but then later confessed. they were left in the charge of the hear sirdar for the rest of the night. captain also present at inquiry. while Rambuccus was giving this testimony, neither prisoner said anything.] [the head sirdar Salikram is then questioned. confirms being called as above. says he separated the men and "asked them why they were doing this wrong thing, that they at first denied it and afterwards they confessed they did it for pleasure."] [when questioned by SS, men at once confessed. Nabibux: "I have done it." Mohungu said same, "as far as I can remember. I cannot remember the words they used in confessing." Nabibux placed in irons fastened to a stanchion in the hospital. Mohangu placed in hospital and ordered to holystone from 6 a.m to 6 p.m. "I blistered the penis of Mohungu. I did so as a punishment as I thought he deserved it." did this right after enquiry concluded. the captain knew Harrison did this. "Mohungu was the man who committed the act on Nabibuccus. I blistered him as a preventitive, as he might have attempted the act again. I have known cases where the penis has been blistered as a preventitive treatment, in case of masturbation with boys."] [says he didn't see it as a crime committed against the laws of England, but "as a matter of discipline on board ship"; didn't examine their private parts for evidence] "Since this all occurred, it has come to my knowlegde that the head sirdar had threatend the two men to make them confess. Since I heard this, I have questioned them. Both denied the act and said Salikram had threatened to make them confess. My compounder's name is Abdul Wahed. I have heard from him since that the man Rambuccus who caught them had a spite against one of the men, owing to something that had occurred in the country Depot in India." ABDUL WAHED, THE CHIEF COMPOUNDER, STATES: [the inquiry occurred at about 8:30 p.m. on the 25th Sept.] "I heard Mohungu say he had put his penis in Nabibux' anus, and some days afterwards both men said to me that Rambux and Salikram had threatened to beat them throughout the voyage if they did not confess to having committed the sodomy." "Nabibux told me that he and Rambux had had a row in the Fizabad depot and he told me that Rambux had a spite against him." [the prisoners were under his charge in the hospital] [doesn't know what the depot quarrel was about. didn't ask. never noticed any ill feeling between Rambux and any of the men before this happened. never noticed Mohangu and Nabibux to be much in each other's company] RAMBUCCUS [an Ahir. says he knew Nabibuccus for a month in the Fyzabad depot, where he was a sirdar] "The men were under a platform sleeping. There were other coolies sleeping there too. The men were sleeping in their usual place... I noticed two men under one blanket. I have orders not to allow this, so I hauled the blanket off. Mohangu was on top of Nabibux who was lying on his back. Mahangu was lying on his stomach. I asked them what they were doing. They gave no reply. Mahangu came off. I did not see his private parts. His baba was loose. I did not notice the state of Nabibux' baba. He had it on, but I don't know whether the crupper of the baba was undone or not. I did not see his private parts. I did not see his anus. I did not see Mahungu's penis in Nabibux' anus, but from their position I suspected that they were committing sodomy... These two men always slept together during the voyage." SALIKRAM "They said Rambux hauled the blanket and shook them up while they were asleep. Rambuccus said they were committing sodomy but I don't think they were. They appeared to me just as if they had just been awakened. Their eyes seemed heavy with sleep." "I never knew either of these men before I met them onboard. Myself and Rambuccus do not agree. I never noticed Rambuccus and either of the two men have any quarrel. I never noticed Nabibux and Monungu keeping much company. I don't know whether these men were in the habit of sleeping alongside of one another. I never threatened these men to make them confess. I never heard the men confess they had done it. They did not confess before me." IN THE END: 50 pounds deducted from Harrison's gratuity for inflicting corporal punishment

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
View of the Caribbean Sea and the city of Montego Bay, Saint James, Jamaica from the gardens of the Shaw Park Hotel. White wooden chairs have been placed on the lawn facing the ocean. One chair is shaded by an almond tree. In the foreground can been seen a water pipe and a large cast iron hand pump. Hibiscus plants form a fence separating the lawn from the slope of the hill. The area pictured is now known as the Shaw Park Botanical Gardens and Waterfall. The hotel has been relocated to the beach. Slide labeled Shaw Park Hotel Ocho Rios.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Ocho Rios, Saint Ann

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031107/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. They are organized by geographical location.
Sellers of mangoes, oranges, shoes at "Marché en Fer"/Market made of iron in Downtown Port-au-Prince.
Haiti -- Caribbean region
Haiti
Haiti
Haiti

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 54:19
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01200244/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Museum exhibit of what appears to be a kitchen scenery in the People’s Museum of Craft and Technology, Spanish Town, Saint Catherine, Jamaica. The exhibit includes a wax female figure, a fire place with an iron cooking pot, and wooden bowls. The sign in the exhibit reads “Meat Smokers – without refrigeration, the preservation of fish and meat was usually by smoking. The creng-creng was an open basket type of smoker, fish and meat were also hung on hooks.” Slide labeled Jam. Museum of Spanish Town.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Spanish Town, Saint Catherine

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031085/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
A veterinarian treating a cow, being held down by farmers using ropes near Port Antonio, Portland, Jamaica. Near the cow is an iron tub. Slide labeled Vet treating cow in hills back of Port Antonio.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Port Antonio, Portland

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031084/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
The construction of the House of Assembly in Spanish Town, Saint Catherine was completed by 1762. This red-brick, two-story building was the official meeting place for the Jamaican government until 1872, when Kingston took became the capital of Jamaica. As of 2013, the structure has been used as the offices for the Saint Catherine Parish Council. On August 1, 1838 Jamaica marked the day all slaves were made free. In Celebration of Emancipation, the Proclamation of Freedom was read aloud by Governor Sir Lionel Smith from the steps of King's House to the assembled masses in the square of Spanish Town, the then capital of Jamaica. Emancipation Day was made an official public holiday in 1893. In the foreground of the image is Emancipation Square, a small park bordered by a shrub with variegated leaves and surrounded by a wrought iron gate. The interior of the park has been planted with palm trees, has benches, a flag pole, and a small fountain. Slide labeled Jam. at Spanish Town.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Spanish Town, Saint Catherine

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031095/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
This image shows a busy Frederick Street in Port of Spain, Trinidad. Many automobiles and people are on the street in front of various retail stores. Some of the retail stores include Northern Optical, The United Grocers Ltd., Plimmer, and Royal Bank of Canada. The painted iron rod gates of Woodford Square can be seen on the left. In the far distance, at the end of the street, is a view of the mountains. Slide labeled Trin. 4.
Trinidad and Tobago -- South America -- Port of Spain, Trinidad
Trinidad and Tobago -- Caribbean region -- Port of Spain, Trinidad

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031184/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
View of an iron scroll gate, wall, and bougainvillea arbor in Montego Bay, Saint James, Jamaica. Beyond the gate is a garden where a gardener walks by with what appears to be a rake. Slide labeled Bougainvillea Arbor Montego Bay.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Montego Bay, Saint James

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031051/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
This Victorian style mansion was built in 1881 by the Honorable David Gideon, a former Custos of Portland and member of the Legislative Council of Jamaica. This mansion, now a hotel, is constructed with a red brick exterior and features ornate cast iron balconies. Eleanor Friend Sleight, pictured, with yellow Ford Cortina automobile in Port Antonio, Portland, Jamaica. Two children walk on the side walk. Slide labeled Jam. Port Antonio Hotel.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Port Antonio, Portland

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031074/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
A two story residential building surrounded by a brick wall embedded with iron railings. This building, with its Caribbean Georgian architectural elements, is located on King Street in Spanish Town, Saint Catherine, Jamaica. Slide labeled Jam. Span. Town.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Spanish Town, Saint Catherine

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031097/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
An exhibit featuring a home scene with a wax figure of a sleeping boy on a bed in the People’s Museum of Craft and Technology, Spanish Town, Saint Catherine, Jamaica. The exhibit includes an iron kettle, a wooden basin, a wicker hat on a wooden window door, and a table. On the wall is a plaque that reads "The Lord bless thee and keep thee." Slide labeled Jam. Museum of Spanish Town.
Jamaica -- Caribbean region -- Spanish Town, Saint Catherine

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00031086/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Painted on the building’s wood paneling is the following, “La Taberna. Dama de Noche.” Taberna is the Spanish word for tavern. This three-story building, on Jamaica's North coast, has an ornately decorated wrought iron railing staircase leading to the second floor. In the distance is another building with school children standing near an automobile. Slide labeled Jam. house on N. coast
Jamaica -- Caribbean region

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00030870/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Iron is an essential micronutrient involved in many biological processes and is often limiting for primary production in large regions of the World Ocean. Metagenomic and physiological studies have identified clades or ecotypes of marine phytoplankton that are specialized in iron depleted ecological niches. Although less studied, eukaryotic picophytoplankton does contribute significantly to primary production and carbon transfer to higher trophic levels. In particular, metagenomic studies of the green picoalga Ostreococcus have revealed the occurrence of two main clades distributed along coast-offshore gradients, suggesting niche partitioning in different nutrient regimes. Here, we present a study of the response to iron limitation of four Ostreococcus strains isolated from contrasted environments. Whereas the strains isolated in nutrient-rich waters showed high iron requirements, the oceanic strains could cope with lower iron concentrations. The RCC802 strain, in particular, was able to maintain high growth rate at low iron levels. Together physiological and transcriptomic data indicate that the competitiveness of RCC802 under iron limitation is related to a lowering of iron needs though a reduction of the photosynthetic machinery and of protein content, rather than to cell size reduction. Our results overall suggest that iron is one of the factors driving the differentiation of physiologically specialized Ostreococcus strains in the ocean.
ISSN: 2045-2322

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01502140
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01502140
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01502140/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01502140/file/acclimation.pdf
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-017-00216-6

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : High-precision Ni isotopic variations are reported for the metal phase of equilibrated and unequilibrated ordinary chondrites, carbonaceous chondrites, iron meteorites, mesosiderites, and pallasites. We also report new Zn and Cu isotopic data for some of these samples and combine them with literature Fe, Cu, and Zn isotope data to constrain the fractionation history of metals during nebular (vapor/solid) and planetary (metal/sulfide/silicate) phase changes. The observed variations of the Ni-62/Ni-58, Ni-61/Ni-58, and Ni-60/Ni-58 ratios vary linearly with mass difference and define isotope fractionation lines in common with terrestrial samples. This implies that Ni was derived from a single homogeneous reservoir. While no Ni-60 anomaly is detected within the analytical uncertainties, Ni isotopic fractionation up to 0.45 parts per thousand per mass-difference unit is observed. The isotope compositions of Ni and Zn in chondrites are positively correlated. We suggest that, in ordinary chondrites, exchange between solid phases, in particular metal and silicates, and vapor followed by mineral sorting during accretion are the main processes controlling these isotopic variations. The positive correlation between Ni and Zn isotope compositions contrasts with a negative correlation between Ni (and Zn) and Cu isotope compositions, which, when taken together, do not favor a simple kinetic interpretation. The observed transition element similarities between different groups of chondrites and iron meteorites are consistent with the genetic relationships inferred from oxygen isotopes (IIIA/pallasites and IVA/L chondrites). Copper is an exception, which we suggest may be related to separate processing of sulfides either in the vapor or during core formation. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ISSN: 0016-7037

hal-00408304
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00408304
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.049

Éditeur(s) : Office of Women in International Development, Michigan State University Office of Women in International Development, Michigan State University ( East Lansing )
Résumé : (Bibliography) Bibliography: p. 23.
(Statement of Responsibility) Cathy A. Rakowski.
"November 1985."
(Funding) Working paper (Michigan State University. Office of Women in International Development) ;
Venezuela
Venezuela

13552824