Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Le Carbet des Sciences
Extrait de : "Le théâtre des idées reçues" : conférence, le 17 novembre 2018. Palais des Congrès de Madiana
Description : Qui n'a jamais entendu dire que lorsqu'il fait très chaud, la Terre va trembler ? Mais est-ce un mythe ou une réalité ? Est-ce que les lahars signalent forcément que la Montagne Pelée va entrer en éruption ? Face à tant d'idées reçues, cette mini-conférence aidera à tirer le vrai du faux sur les risques naturels.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V19025
V19025

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany)
Résumé : International audience
Mount Pinatubo volcano erupted in June 1991 in the main island of Luzon belonging to the Philippines archipelago. Huge economic losses and population exodus have followed. This major crisis has been relayed with other crises due to rainfed lahars which have been supplied with eruption deposits. These lahars have occurred every year since 1991 during the rainy season. They will probably last until 2005. After a brief presentation of the Philippine official response system to disasters, this paper draws up a critical analysis of the different kinds of institutional and social responses deployed to manage the different crisis and post-crisis phases of this event. Based on three viewpoints: from population, media and other actors, this analysis attempts to point out the strengths and weaknesses of the official management system, especially by studying the efficiency and the range of the solutions taken. So, it appears that the management of the June 1991 main crisis (eruption) was a success. On the other hand, difficulties have occurred with lahars risk management. Indeed, these lahars have obliged the authorities to protect and relocate thousands of people. In spite of persistent problems, the management system (monitoring/warning/evacuation) of lahar crises improves year after year. Failures appear especially within the rehabilitation program (protection/rehousing). Many direct (lack of means, preparedness, coordination, dialog,
etc.) and indirect (politico-administrative, socio-economic, cultural contexts) factors come together to lock the wheels of
the institutional response system. They defer the socio-economic start of this vital northern Philippines area.
GeoJournal

halshs-00119436
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00119436
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00119436/document

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
This study aims at assessing the population vulnerability in the Pasig-Potrero River basin threatened by the recurrent lahars of Mt Pinatubo volcano (Philippines) subsequent to its 1991 eruption. A survey carried out between February and March 1998 enabled us to define and to map different levels of risk perception, the quality of the potential behaviors in the event of further lahars and of the demeanors in case of evacuation order. It was then possible to work out a typology and a cartography of human vulnerability in this study area.This study points out that, even though the risk perception is quite high, some problems remain, notably concerning warning and behaviors in case of evacuation.This work is part of a larger framework including population vulnerability assessment around Mt Pinatubo (social and institutional vulnerability). It also aims at estimating the effects, notably the territorial consequences, occurred as a result of a crisis linked to the volcano and its lahars, and that has been lasting for eight years. These results should allow to elaborate some risk and disaster scenarios. They are intended to be used as operational purposes in crises management such as relief arrangement, land use planning.
Cette étude a pour objectif d'évaluer la vulnérabilité des populations du bassin de la rivière Pasig-Potrero menacé par les lahars récurrents du volcan Pinatubo (Philippines) suite à l'éruption de 1991. A partir d'une campagne d'enquêtes sur le terrain, réalisée entre février et mars 1998, on a pu définir et cartographier différents niveaux de perception du risque, la qualité des comportements potentiels face aux lahars ainsi que des attitudes en cas d'ordre d'évacuation. Ces données ont ensuite permis de réaliser une typologie et une cartographie de la vulnérabilité dans le secteur d'étude.Il en ressort que si la perception du risque est assez élevée, des problèmes subsistent, notamment en matière d'alerte et de comportements en cas d'évacuation. La qualité de l'alerte a aussi montré, dans le passé, des carences qu'il convient aujourd'hui de combler.Ce travail s’inscrit dans un cadre plus large d'évaluation de la vulnérabilité des populations face au volcan Pinatubo (vulnérabilité sociale, institutionnelle...) el des conséquences, notamment territoriales, de huit années de crises liées à l'éruption, puis aux lahars.Ces conclusions peuvent guider l'élaboration de scénarios de risque et de catastrophe, utiles à des fins opérationnelles (planification des secours, aide à la gestion des crises, aménagement du territoire...).
Pangea

hal-01169313
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169313
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169313/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169313/file/Gaillard%20D%27Ercole%20Leone%201998%20-%20Cartographie%20de%20la%20vuln%C3%A9rabilit%C3%A9%20des%20populations%20Pinatubo%20Philippines.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Groupe français de géomorphologie (GFG)
Résumé : International audience
This study aims at assessing the vulnerability of populations in the Pasig-Potrero River basin, who are threatened by the recurrent lahars of Mt Pinatubo volcano (Philippines) in the aftermath of its 1991 eruption. A survey, carried out between February and March 1998, enabled us to define and to map different levels of risk perception, the quality of potential behavioural patterns in the event of further lahars, and attitudes in the event of an evacuation order. It was then possible to work out a classification and to map the patterns of human vulnerability in the study area. This study points out that, while risk perception is quite high, some problems remain, notably concerning the warning systems and the behaviour of the population in the case of an evacuation. Theses results should assist in elaborating risk and disaster scenarios. They are intended to be used for operational purposes in crisis management such as the organization of disaster relief, and in land use planning.
ISSN: 1266-5304

hal-01169334
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169334
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169334/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169334/file/article_morfo_1266-5304_2001numéro 7_3_1103.pdf
DOI : 10.3406/morfo.2001.1103