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The giant Ruatoria debris avalanche on the northern Hikurangi margin, New Zealand: Result of oblique seamount subduction
Auteur(s) : Collot, Jean-Yves Lewis, Keith Lamarche, Geoffroy Lallemand, Serge
Auteurs secondaires : Service de la Géologie de Nouvelle Calédonie ; Direction de l'Industrie, des Mines et de l'Energie de Nouvelle Calédonie Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - UFR des sciences médicales (UAG UFR SM) ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA) ; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA) Dynamique de la Lithosphere ; Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Despite convergent margins being unstable systems, most reports of huge submarine slope failure have come from oceanic volcanoes and passive margins. Swath bathymetry and seismic profiles of the northern Hikurangi subduction system, New Zealand, show a tapering 65-30 km wide by 65 km deep margin indentation, with a giant, 3150+_630 km 3, blocky, debris avalanche deposit projecting 40 km out across horizontal trench fill, and a debris flow deposit projecting over 100 km. Slide blocks are well-bedded, up to 18 km across and 1.2 km high, the largest being at the avalanche deposit's leading edge. Samples dredged from them are mainly Miocene shelf calc-mudstones similar to those outcropping around the indentation. Cores from cover beds suggest that failure occurred-170 +_40 ka, possibly synchronously with a major extension collapse in the upper indentation. However, the northern part of the indentation is much older. The steep, straight northern wall is close to the direction of plate convergence and probably formed around 2.0-0.16 Ma as a large seamount subducted, leaving in its wake a deep groove obliquely across the margin and an unstable triangle of fractured rock in the 60 ø angle between groove and oversteepened margin front. The triangle collapsed as a blocky avalanche, leaving a scalloped southern wall and probably causing a large tsunami. Tentative calculations of compacted volumes suggest that the indentation is over 600 km 3 larger than the avalanche, supporting a two-stage origin that includes subduction erosion. Since failure, convergence has carried the deposits-9 km back toward the margin, causing internal compression. The eventual subduction/accretion of the Ruatoria avalanche explains the scarcity of such features on active margins and perhaps the nature of olistostromes in fold belts.
ISSN: 2169-9275

hal-01261406
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01261406
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01261406/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01261406/file/CollotJGR2001.pdf
DOI : 10.1029/2001JB900004

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