Éditeur(s) : Wiley-Blackwell Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : (Acquisition) Collected for University of Florida's Institutional Repository by the UFIR Self-Submittal tool. Submitted by Yasemin Akdas.
(Publication Status) Published.
(Citation/Reference) This is the author's post-print. Please cite the final version of the article, available from the link on the cover page.

Droits : All rights reserved by the submitter.
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/IR00004302/00001

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) provides a wealth of information spanning 1979–2009 for investigation of ocean wind and wave climate. Preprocessing of the data is necessary to remove the dominant seasonal signals and to create time series of semimonthly averaged wind speed and significant wave height over a 0.5° global grid. We perform an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to extract the dominant space-time patterns. The results for the three major ocean basins show strong zonal structures in the winds and saturation of the swells corroborating prior works with various data sets. We reexamine the CFSR data in the frequency domain to identify periodic signals associated with published climate indices. The Fourier transform of the preprocessed time series generates spectra ranging from 1 month to 15 years period for an EOF analysis. The results demonstrate the spatial structures and periods of climate phenomena. The Arctic Oscillation dominates the Atlantic basin with a broad range of intra-annual signals off the European coasts. The Indian and Pacific Oceans are strongly influenced by inter-annual cycles of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Antarctica Oscillation. The Indian Ocean also has strong intra-annual components ranging from 50 to 80 days period. The ENSO proves to be a ubiquitous signal around the globe, and in particular, saturates the Pacific with strong influences in the equatorial region and the Southern Hemisphere Westerlies. A commonality of all basins is that the magnitude and the spatial structure of the intra-annual and inter-annual signals are similar suggesting a wide range of periods in each of the climate cycles examined.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (21699275) (Wiley-Blackwell), 2014-08 , Vol. 119 , N. 8 , P. 5563-5584

Droits : 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32149/30606.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32149/30607.pdf
DOI:10.1002/2013JC009729
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32149/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc
Résumé : Recent theoretical and field studies conducted in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems have suggested that diversity could be a more complex and multi-component concept than previously thought. However, it is still poorly understood to what extent the information provided by the various indices is complementary with regard to diversity, and to what extent this complementarity is reproducible in different situations or at different scales of observation. In the present work, we have analysed the reproducibility of the empirical relationships between 11 diversity indices related to four major aspects (components) of species diversity (species richness, rarity, evenness and species taxonomy) in order to determine whether there is a general pattern of redundancy or complementarity in diversity measures that holds across years, areas and spatial scales. We have applied this approach to groundfish diversity through the analysis of 2404 trawl hauls collected during the first large-scale annual surveys carried out using a single sampling design throughout the northern Mediterranean Sea (ranging from 36.3 to 45.7 degrees N, and 5.3 degrees W to 28 degrees E). Whatever the years, areas and scales studied, we found a strong reproducibility in the number and the nature of the main complementary components of diversity. The whole set of diversity indices considered may be roughly split into 6 complementary groups of descriptors. This result highlights that, in contrast to what is still the usual practice, monitoring diversity should not be based on only one or two of the most widely used components, even at large scale. Finally, in a context where developing tools for monitoring diversity is considered as a high priority worldwide, the strong reproducibility of the relationships between diversity indices we observed offers a basis for discussion of the feasibility and relevance of proposing a general shortlist of indices for monitoring diversity at different management scales.
Ecography (0906-7590) (Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc), 2010-12 , Vol. 33 , N. 6 , P. 1123-1135

Droits : 2010 The Authors / Ecography
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00029/14064/11382.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.06259.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00029/14064/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell Wiley
Résumé : The Late Early-to-Early Middle Eocene Zegdoumyidae are the oldest representatives of the order Rodentia to be known in Africa thus far. Despite the fragmentary nature of their fossil record, these early African rodents have been central in discussions surrounding the early evolutionary history of the Anomaluroidea clade (the living forms of which are the ‘scaly-tailed squirrels’, i.e. Anomaluridae). Here, we describe new dental remains attributable to Zegdoumys sbeitlai, a zegdoumyid from Tunisia (Djebel Chambi, CBI-1) dated at ca 50–45 Ma. The original material referred to this taxon was limited to four teeth documenting few dental loci. The new gathered material comprises practically all dental loci (except P4), thereby allowing a better description and characterization of this taxon. This Tunisian species is clearly distinct from its roughly coeval Algerian counterpart (Z. lavocati) or from the younger species recorded from Namibia (Z. namibiensis). We investigated the phylogenetic positions of Z. sbeitlai and the Zegdoumyidae in a high-level rodent phylogeny with a cladistic assessment of the dental evidence. Our results show that zegdoumyids represent the earliest offshoots (pectinately arranged) of a large clade that also encompasses the more advanced Eocene anomaluroids (here named Nementchamyidae), the Miocene Nonanomaluridae, and the stem and crown Anomaluridae. In this phylogenetic context, the species of Zegdoumys are the basalmost members of this large Anomaluroidea clade. Zegdoumyid taxa are therefore the oldest stem anomaluroid candidates, a statement which strengthens support for the hypothesis of the great antiquity of the Anomaluroidea clade in Africa. From a historical biogeography perspective, this assumption suggests that anomaluroids invaded Asia from Afro-Arabia sometime during the Middle Eocene, a dispersal event which was likely concomitant but opposite to the dispersals envisaged for the hystricognathous rodents and anthropoid primates from Asia to Afro-Arabia.
ISSN: 0300-3256

hal-01172007
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01172007
DOI : 10.1111/zsc.12095

Éditeur(s) : Wiley / Blackwell
Résumé : P>New seismic reflection data from the Grand Banks of Newfoundland and the Newfoundland Basin add to the growing knowledge of the composition, structure and history of this non-volcanic margin. Geophysical imaging is now approaching the extent of that done previously on the conjugate margin along Iberia, providing a valuable database for the development of rifting models. Two parallel profiles over the shelf platform image deep crustal fabric representing Precambrian or possibly Appalachian deformation as well as Mesozoic extension. Progressively more intense extension of continental crust is imaged oceanwards without the highly reflective detachments frequently seen on profiles off Galicia. A landward-dipping event 'L' is imaged sporadically and appears to be analogous to a similar event on the Iberian IAM9 profile. The transition zone is probably exposed serpentinized mantle as interpreted off the Iberian margin although there appears to be a difference in the character of ridge development and reflectivity. The distinctive 'U' reflection identified previously at the base of the Newfoundland Basin deep water sedimentary section and recently identified as one or more thin basalt sills is imaged on newly presented profiles that connect previously published profiles SCR3 and SCR2 showing that 'U' is highly regular and continuous except where interrupted by basement highs. 'U' is also seen to have a major impact on the ability to image underlying basement. A full transect beginning over completely unextended continental crust through to oceanic crust has provided a data set from which estimates of extension and the pre-rifting location of the present continental edge can be made. Two estimates were obtained; 85 km based on faulting and 120 km based on crustal thickness.
Geophysical Journal International (0956-540X) (Wiley / Blackwell), 2009-08 , Vol. 178 , N. 2 , P. 1004-1020

Droits : 2009 Wiley / Blackwell
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6919.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04162.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6919/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc
Résumé : P>Torsvik et al. recently presented a revised model for the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. According to these authors, this new plate tectonic model is internally consistent and consistent with globally balanced plate motion solutions and takes into account realistic intraplate deformation. However, this model shows a number of kinematic and geological problems that we underline here, together with some comparisons with the new kinematic model recently proposed by Moulin et al.
Geophysical Journal International (0956-540X) (Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc), 2010-10 , Vol. 183 , N. 1 , P. 20-28

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12504/9878.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04727.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12504/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley / Blackwell
Résumé : P>The distribution of the archaeal communities in deep subseafloor sediments [0-36 m below the seafloor (mbsf)] from the New Caledonia and Fairway Basins was investigated using DNA- and RNA-derived 16S rRNA clone libraries, functional genes and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). A new method, Co-Migration DGGE (CM-DGGE), was developed to access selectively the active archaeal diversity. Prokaryotic cell abundances at the open-ocean sites were on average similar to 3.5 times lower than at a site under terrestrial influence. The sediment surface archaeal community (0-1.5 mbsf) was characterized by active Marine Group 1 (MG-1) Archaea that co-occurred with ammonia monooxygenase gene (amoA) sequences affiliated to a group of uncultured sedimentary Crenarchaeota. However, the anoxic subsurface methane-poor sediments (below 1.5 mbsf) were dominated by less active archaeal communities, such as the Thermoplasmatales, Marine Benthic Group D and other lineages probably involved in the methane cycle (Methanosarcinales, ANME-2 and DSAG/MBG-B). Moreover, the archaeal diversity of some sediment layers was restricted to only one lineage (Uncultured Euryarchaeota, DHVE6, MBG-B, MG-1 and SAGMEG). Sequences forming two clusters within the Thermococcales order were also present in these cold subseafloor sediments, suggesting that these uncultured putative thermophilic archaeal communities might have originated from a different environment. This study shows a transition between surface and subsurface sediment archaeal communities.
Environmental Microbiology (1462-2912) (Wiley / Blackwell), 2009-09 , Vol. 11 , N. 9 , P. 2446-2462

Droits : 2009 Society for Applied Microbiology and Wiley - Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6801.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01976.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6801/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell
Résumé : Aim The aims of this study were: (1) to identify global communities of tuna and billfish species through quantitative statistical analyses of global fisheries data; (2) to describe the spatial distribution, main environmental drivers and species composition of each community detected; and (3) to determine whether the spatial distribution of each community could be linked to the environmental conditions that affect lower trophic levels by comparing the partitions identified in this study with Longhursts biogeochemical provinces. Location The global ocean from 60 degrees S to 65 degrees N. Methods We implemented a new numerical procedure based on a hierarchical clustering method and a nonparametric probabilistic test to divide the oceanic biosphere into biomes and ecoregions. This procedure was applied to a database that comprised standardized data on commercial longline catches for 15 different species of tuna and billfish over a period of more than 50 years (i.e. 1953-2007). For each ecoregion identified (i.e. characteristic tuna and billfish community), we analysed the relationships between species composition and environmental factors. Finally, we compared the biogeochemical provinces of Longhurst with the ecoregions that we identified. Results Tuna and billfish species form nine well-defined communities across the global ocean. Each community occurs in regions with specific environmental conditions and shows a distinctive species composition. High similarity (68.8% homogeneity) between the spatial distribution of the communities of tuna and billfish and the biogeochemical provinces suggests a strong relationship between these species and the physical and chemical characteristics of the global ocean. Main conclusions Despite their high tolerance for a wide range of environmental conditions, these highly migratory species are partitioned into clear geographical communities in the ocean at a global scale. The similarity between biogeochemical and biotic divisions in the ocean suggests that the global ocean is a mosaic of large biogeographical ecosystems, each characterized by specific environmental conditions that have a strong effect on the composition of the trophic web.
Journal Of Biogeography (0305-0270) (Wiley-blackwell), 2012-01 , Vol. 39 , N. 1 , P. 114-129

Droits : 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00060/17141/14716.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02582.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00060/17141/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Lawsonite pseudomorphs are used to identify and distinguish the kinematic records of subduction and exhumation in blueschist-facies rocks from Syros (Cyclades; Greece). Lawsonite is a hydrous mineral that crystallizes at high-pressure and low-temperature conditions. During decompression, lawsonite is typically pseudomorphed by an aggregate dominated by epidote and paragonite. Such aggregates are easily deformable and if deformation occurs after the lawsonite breakdown, the pseudomorphs are difficult to distinguish from the matrix. The preservation of the lawsonite crystal shape, despite complete retrogression, indicates therefore that the host blueschist rock has not been affected by penetrative deformation during exhumation, thus providing indication of strain-free conditions. Therefore, tracking the lawsonite growth and destabilization along the P-T path followed by the rocks during a subduction/exhumation cycle provides information about the subduction/exhumation-related deformation. Using microstructural observations and P-T pseudosections calculated with thermocalc, it is inferred that top-to-the-south sense of shear preserved in lawsonite pseudomorph-bearing blueschists on Syros occurred during the prograde metamorphic path within the lawsonite stability field, and is therefore associated with subduction. On the contrary, the deformation with a top-to-the-north sense of shear is observed in surrounding rocks, where lawsonite pseudomorphs are deformed or apparently lacking. This deformation occurred after the lawsonite breakdown during exhumation. At the regional scale, exhumation-related deformation is heterogeneous, allowing the preservation of lawsonite pseudomorphs in significant volumes of blueschists of the central and southern Cyclades. It is argued that such successive shearing deformation events with opposite senses more likely correspond to an exhumation process driven by slab rollback, in which subduction and exhumation are not synchronous
ISSN: 0263-4929

insu-00841214
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00841214
DOI : 10.1111/jmg.12035

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
This paper aims to decipher the thermal evolution of the Montagne Noire Axial Zone (MNAZ,southern French Massif Central) gneiss core and its metasedimentary cover through determination ofP–T paths and temperature gradients. Migmatitic gneiss from the core of the dome record a clock-wise evolution culminating at 725 25 °C and 0.8 0.1 GPa with partial melting, followed by adecompression path with only minor cooling to 690 25° C and 0.4 0.1 GPa. Field structuralanalyses as well as detailed petrological observations interpreted in a petrogenetic grid indicate thatthe cover sequence experienced LP-HT metamorphism at <0.4 GPa. Apparent thermal gradientswithin the cover were determined with garnet–biotite thermometry and Raman Spectroscopy on Car-bonaceous Matter. High-temperature apparent gradients (e.g. 530 °C km1 along one transect) areexplained by late brittle–ductile extensional shearing evidenced by phyllonites that post-date peakmetamorphism. In areas where normal faults are less abundant and closely spaced, gradients of 20to 50 °C km1 are calculated. These gradients can be accounted for by a combination of domeemplacement and ductile shearing (collapse of isotherms), without additional heat input. Finally, thethermal evolution of the MNAZ is typical for many gneiss domes worldwide as well as with otherLP-HT terranes in the Variscides.
ISSN: 0263-4929

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/
insu-01290388
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01290388
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01290388/document
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01290388/file/jmg12188.pdf
DOI : 10.1111/jmg.12188

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell
Résumé : A new benthic dinoflagellate species, Prorocentrum bimaculatum sp. nov., is studied from Kuwaits marine sediments, based on detailed morphological and molecular data. Cells are large, oblong oval in shape. They are 49.955.3 mu m long and 38.443.2 mu m wide. The ornamentation of this new species is peculiar, and characterized by smooth valves with large pores (0.320.50 mu m) scattered on their surface, except in two circular patches of similar to 15 mu m in diameter, devoid of ornamentation and located on both sides of the valve centers. The periflagellar area is widely triangular, located in a moderate excavation of the right valve, and comprises nine platelets. The intercalary band of P. bimaculatum is smooth. The molecular phylogenetic position of this new taxon was inferred from SSU and LSU rDNA genes. In both phylogenetic analyses, P. bimaculatum branched with high support with Prorocentrum consutum and formed a clade sister to the one including P. lima and related species such as P. arenarium, P. belizeanum, P. hoffmannianum, and P. maculosum. From the phylogenetic study, since most species related to P. bimaculatum are known for their toxic effects and production of okadaic acid, this new species can be considered as a potential toxin producer, but this has to be analyzed.
Journal Of Phycology (0022-3646) (Wiley-blackwell), 2012-02 , Vol. 48 , N. 1 , P. 211-221

Droits : 2012 Phycological Society of America
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17756/15698.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01102.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17756/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0168-6496

hal-01682106
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01682106
DOI : 10.1111/1574-6941.12366

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell
Résumé : Marine bacteria are a rich source of bioactive metabolites. However, the microbial diversity of marine ecosystem still needs to be explored. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with antimicrobial activities from various marine coastal environment of New Caledonia. We obtained 493 marine isolates from various environments and samples of which 63 (12.8%) presented an antibacterial activity against a panel of reference pathogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis). Ten out of the most promising strains were cultured, fractionated and screened for antibacterial activity. Four of them (NC282, NC412, NC272 and NC120) showed at least an activity against reference and multidrug-resistant pathogenic strains and were found to belong to the genus Pseudoalteromonas, according to the 16S phylogenetic analysis. The NC282 strain does not belong to any described Pseudoalteromonas species and might be of interest for further chemical and biological characterization. These findings suggest that the identified strains may contribute to the discovery for new sources of antimicrobial substances to develop new therapies to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Letters In Applied Microbiology (0266-8254) (Wiley-blackwell), 2014-02 , Vol. 58 , N. 2 , P. 102-108

Droits : 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28552/26994.pdf
DOI:10.1111/lam.12162
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28552/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc
Résumé : Vibrioses are the predominant bacterial infections in marine shrimp farms. Vibrio nigripulchritudo is an emerging pathogen of the cultured shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris in New Caledonia and other regions in the Indo-Pacific. The molecular determinants of V. nigripulchritudo pathogenicity are unknown; however, molecular epidemiological studies have revealed that recent pathogenic V. nigripulchritudo isolates from New Caledonia all cluster into a monophyletic clade and contain a small plasmid, pB1067. Here, we report that a large plasmid, pA1066 (247 kb), can also serve as a marker for virulent V. nigripulchritudo, and that an ancestral version of this plasmid was likely acquired prior to other virulence-linked markers. Additionally, we demonstrate that pA1066 is critical for the full virulence of V. nigripulchritudo in several newly developed experimental models of infection. Plasmid pB1067 also contributes to virulence; only strains containing both plasmids induced the highest level of shrimp mortality. Thus, it appears that these plasmids, which are absent from non-pathogenic isolates, may be driving forces, as well as markers, for the emergence of a pathogenic lineage of V. nigripulchritudo.
Environmental Microbiology (1462-2912) (Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc), 2011-02 , Vol. 13 , N. 2 , P. 296-306

Droits : 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14196/11469.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02329.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14196/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Rhodamine 123 is a fluorescent cationic dye commonly used as a mitochondrial probe and known or suspected to be transported by certain drug membrane transporters. The present study was designed to characterize the putative interactions of rhodamine 123 with human organic cation transporter (OCT) 1 and OCT2. Intracellular uptake of the dye was demonstrated to be enhanced in both hOCT1- and hOCT2-overexpressing HEK293 cells when compared with control HEK293 cells. This increase of rhodamine 123 influxes was found to be a saturable carrier-mediated process, with low K(m) values (K(m) = 0.54 μm and K(m ) = 0.61 μm for transport of the dye in hOCT1- and hOCT2-positive HEK293 cells, respectively). Known inhibitors of hOCT1 and hOCT2 activities such as verapamil, amitriptyline, prazosin, and quinine were next demonstrated to decrease rhodamine 123 accumulation in hOCT1- and hOCT2-overexpressing HEK293 cells. In addition, the dye was found to inhibit hOCT1- and hOCT2-mediated uptake of tetraethylammonium (TEA), a model substrate for both hOCT1 and hOCT2; rhodamine 123 appeared nevertheless to be a more potent inhibitor of hOCT1-mediated TEA transport (IC(50) = 0.37 μm) than of that mediated by hOCT2 (IC(50 ) = 61.5 μm). Taken together, these data demonstrate that rhodamine 123 is a high-affinity substrate for both hOCT1 and hOCT2. This dye may be therefore useful for fluorimetrically investigating cellular hOCT1 or hOCT2 activity, knowing, however, that other factors potentially contributing to cellular accumulation of rhodamine 123, including mitochondrial membrane potential or expression of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein, have also to be considered.
ISSN: 0767-3981

inserm-00872840
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00872840
DOI : 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01071.x
PUBMED : 22913740

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Abstract Numerous freshwater species are consumed or exploited through artisanal fisheries in the rivers of the islands of Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Autochthonous production of organic matter is limited in these flowing rivers and is mainly represented by scarce filamentous green algae and an abundant epilithic biofilm growing on wet stones in the river bed. Stable isotope analysis was used to quantify the relative importance of biofilm and other riverine allochthonous and autochthonous food sources in the diet of tropical shrimps (Palaemonidae, Atyidae and Xiphocarididae) and fishes (Gobiidae and Eleotridae) consumed by the local people. The epilithic biofilm was exploited by most species, constituted an important source of autochthonous carbon and was an important source of organic matter production at the base of freshwater food webs in Caribbean rivers. Biofilm percentages in the diet reached 32% for molluscs, 85% for atyid shrimps, 29% for xiphocaridid shrimps, 14% for palaemonid shrimps and 13% for fish. Assessment of biofilm in nine rivers showed that blue and red cyanobacteria were quantitatively dominant with a moderately rich diatom flora. These results address the interactions between river biofilm and Caribbean freshwater fauna where trophic links between consumers and their potential resources have poorly been documented.
ISSN: 0969-997X

hal-00744809
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00744809
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00767.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Marine protist diversity inventories have largely focused on planktonic environments, while benthic protists have received relatively little attention. We therefore hypothesize that current diversity surveys have only skimmed the surface of protist diversity in marine sediments, which may harbor greater diversity than planktonic environments. We tested this by analyzing sequences of the hypervariable V4 18S rRNA from benthic and planktonic protist communities sampled in European coastal regions. Despite a similar number of OTUs in both realms, richness estimations indicated that we recovered at least 70% of the diversity in planktonic protist communities, but only 33% in benthic communities. There was also little overlap of OTUs between planktonic and benthic communities, as well as between separate benthic communities. We argue that these patterns reflect the heterogeneity and diversity of benthic habitats. A comparison of all OTUs against the Protist Ribosomal Reference database showed that a higher proportion of benthic than planktonic protist diversity is missing from public databases; similar results were obtained by comparing all OTUs against environmental references from NCBI's Short Read Archive. We suggest that the benthic realm may therefore be the world's largest reservoir of marine protist diversity, with most taxa at present undescribed.
ISSN: 0168-6496

hal-01383722
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722/file/Forster_2016_Benthic_protists.pdf
DOI : 10.1093/femsec/fiw120

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell
Résumé : 1. Approximately 300 pelagic fish species naturally aggregate around floating objects (FOBs) at the surface of the oceans. Currently, more than 50% of the world catch of tropical tuna comes from the industrial tuna fisheries around drifting FOBs. Greater understanding of the complex decision-making processes leading to this aggregation pattern and the impact of the massive release of artificial FOBs by fishermen on the spatial distribution and management of tuna is needed. 2. We analyse how the interplay between social (relationships between individuals) and non-social (responses to the environment) behaviours may affect the spatial distribution of a population in a multi-FOB environment. Taking the example of tropical tunas associating with FOBs and using differential equations and stochastic simulations, we examine how, when increasing the number of FOBs, fish aggregation dynamics and the distribution of the population among patches are affected by the population size, level of sociality and the natural retentive and/or attractive forces of FOBs on individual tuna. 3. Our model predicts that, depending on the species' level of sociality, fish will be scattered among FOBs or aggregated around a single FOB based on the number of FOBs deployed in a homogeneous oceanic region. 4. For social species, we demonstrated that the total fish catch is reduced with increasing FOBs number. Indeed, for each size of population, there are a number of FOBs minimizing the total population of fish associated with FOBs and another number of FOBs maximizing the total population of associated fish. 5. Synthesis and applications. In terms of fisheries management, the total catch volume is directly linked to the total number of floating objects (FOBs) for non-social species, and any limit on the number of sets would then result in a limit on the total catch. For social species (e.g. tuna), however, increasing the number of FOBs does not necessarily lead to an increase in the total catch, which is a non-intuitive result. Indeed, our model shows that, for specific values of the parameters, deploying a greater number of FOBs in the water (all other parameters being constant) does not necessarily help fishermen to catch more tuna, but does increase the level of fishing effort and bycatch.
Journal Of Applied Ecology (0021-8901) (Wiley-blackwell), 2013-10 , Vol. 50 , N. 5 , P. 1081-1092

Droits : 2013 The Authors. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013 British Ecological Society
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00151/26275/24439.pdf
DOI:10.1111/1365-2664.12140
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00151/26275/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : Pervasive melting of the middle crust, as inferred in Tibet and the Altiplano, probably influences the deformation of the lithosphere. To constrain strain distribution in a pervasively molten crust, we analysed the deformation in an eroded analogue of these orogens. The Ribeira-Araçuaí orogen (SE Brazil) comprises a stack of allochthons containing large volumes of anatectic and magmatic rocks. The upper allochton (∼300 km long, 50–100 km wide and >10 km thick) involves peraluminous diatexites and leucogranites resulting from partial melting of the middle crust. It overlies another allochthon containing huge early- to syn-collisional plutons intruding metasediments. Both anatexites and magmatic intrusions display a pervasive strain-induced magmatic fabric. Homogeneous strain distribution suggests inefficient localization. U–Pb ages of ∼575 Ma imply that anatexite melting was synchronous to the early- to syn-collisional magmatism. Similarity in ages magmatic and solid-state fabrics indicates that intrusions and anatexites deformed coherently with solid-state rocks while still molten, in response to a combination of gravity-driven and collision-driven deformation.
ISSN: 0954-4879

hal-00404915
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00404915
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2007.00747.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
The Alboran Domain, situated at the western end of the Mediterranean subductionsystem, is characterized by the Ronda Peridotites, one of the world largest exposures of subcontinental mantle. Using U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) and Ar-Ar dating, we precisely dated twotectonic events associated with the Tertiary exhumation of the Ronda Peridotites. First,shearing along the Crust-Mantle Extensional Shear Zone caused, at ca. 22.5 Ma, mantleexhumation, local partial melting in the deep crust and coeval cooling in the upper crust.Second, the Ronda Peridotites Thrust triggered the final crustal emplacement of theperidotites onto the continental crust at ca. 21 Ma, as testified by granitic intrusions in thethrust hanging-wall. The tectonic evolution of the western Alboran Domain is thereforecharacterized by a fast switch from a continental lithosphere extension in a backarc setting,with sub-continental mantle exhumation, to a rift inversion by thrusting driven by shorteningof the subduction upper plate
ISSN: 0954-4879

insu-01441962
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01441962
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01441962/document
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01441962/file/Frasca-TerraNova-2017.pdf
DOI : 10.1111/ter.12255