Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Implication of immune processes in bipolar disorder (BD) has recently gained increasing attention. Tolerogenic molecules, among which HLA-G plays a prominent role, mediate the modulation of such processes. The HLA-G locus is characterized by a high number of polymorphisms including a functionally relevant 14 base pair (bp) insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) allele affecting the HLA-G expression. Here, we analyzed the distribution of this polymorphism in 561 BD patients and 161 healthy and found that the HLA-G 14bp Ins/Ins genotype was significantly more prevalent in healthy controls than in patients (corrected p; pc=0.032) and that the prevalence of such protective genotype is lower among patients born during the winter season as compared to those born in other periods (pc=0.006). Possible mechanisms between low HLA G expression and resistance to infections as well as potential relationships between infections in early life and susceptibility to BD are discussed.
ISSN: 0198-8859

inserm-00864639
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00864639
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00864639/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00864639/file/HLA-G_and_BD_manuscript_-1.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.11.032

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Résumé : International audience
HLA-G is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex molecule first described at the maternal-fetal interface, on extravillous cytotrophoblasts. Its expression is restricted to some tissues in normal conditions but increases strongly in pathological conditions. The expression of this molecule has been studied in detail in cancers and is now also beginning to be described in infectious diseases. The relevance of studies on HLA-G expression lies in the well known inhibitory effect of this molecule on all cell types involved in innate and adaptive immunity, favoring escape from immune control. In this review, we summarize the features of HLA-G expression by type of infections (i.e, bacterial, viral, or parasitic) detailing the state of knowledge for each pathogenic agent. The polymorphism, the interference of viral proteins with HLA-G intracellular trafficking, and various cytokines have been described to modulate HLA-G expression during infections. We also discuss the cellular source of HLA-G, according to the type of infection and the potential role of HLA-G. New therapeutic approaches based on synthetic HLA-G-derived proteins or antibodies are emerging in mouse models of cancer or transplantation, and these new therapeutic tools may eventually prove useful for the treatment of infectious diseases.
ISSN: 2314-8861

hal-01063925
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063925
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063925/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063925/file/Immunomodulatory%20Properties%20of%20HLA-G.pdf
DOI : 10.1155/2014/298569