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 | Shrimp farming sustainability in the Mekong delta Environmental and technical approaches Auteur(s) : Populus, Jacques Martin, Jean-louis Tac An, Nguyen Éditeur(s) : Workshop held in Travinh (Vietnam), 5-8 March 2002 Résumé : The economie performance of shrimp rearing is govemed by three types of factors a) the environmental conditions prevailing around the farms, b) farmers' zootechnical practise and know how, c) economie management. The Gambas project aims at identifying the relative role played by these parameters in the success or failure of small-scale shrimp farming enterprises of the Mekong delta in Vietnam. It is being conducted by French and Vietnamese partners under the co-leadership of Ifremer and the Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography. Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19387/16981.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19387/ | Partager |
| | Environmental sustainability of brackishwater aquaculture in the Mekong delta, Vietnam - Gambas Auteur(s) : Populus, Jacques Raux, Pascal Martin, Jean-louis Auda, Yves Résumé : This Gambas report contains two parts. The summary report (Volume 1) gives an account of the project intervention from May 2000 to December 2003, and a digest of the project's results and deliverables. The comprehensive report (Volume 2) contains the details of the scientific research and the technical results brought about by the project. Besides, a CD/ROM containing all the technical reports, publications and maps generated in the frame of Gambas is available from the coordinator. Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19386/16980.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19386/16997.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19386/ | Partager |
| | Assessment of tropical shrimp aquaculture impact on the environment in tropical countries, using hydrobiology, ecology and remote sensing as helping tools for diagnosis Auteur(s) : Fuchs, Jacques Martin, Jean-louis M. Populus, Jacques Résumé : After a period of rapid development of the sites (an increase in both reared surface area and production), tropical shrimp aquaculture is currently being faced with critical problems due to economical and ecological constraints. In many countries with favourable conditions for shrimp aquaculture such as indonesia or Vietnam, sites are often badly selected and/or over-exploited. This conducts to sorne extent to decreases or collapses in the production due to the difficulty in predicting the maximum production capacity of the sites. Furthermore, it appears that production sustainability depends on many factors among which socio-economy and ecolo gy are of prime importance.
The STD3 project titled « Assessment of tropical shrimp aquaculture impact on the environment in tropical countries using hydrobiology, ecology and remote sensing as helping tools for diagnosis )) was initiated in 1994, with the aim to study the sustainability of marine shrimp aquaculture in tropical areas, main! y Indonesia and Vietnam, through the following tasks: (i) improve site selection and study the impact of aquaculture on marine environments presenting a variable sensitivity to organic sewage, (ii) analyse the socio-economical aspects and profitability of the aquaculture industry and of common resources (iii) use remote sensing and geographical data bases for diagnosis and monitoring of site degradation (iv) reinforce the capacity of Asian
scientists through training.
Severa! aquaculture sites have been investigated in the Lampung region (South Sumatra, Indonesia), the Mekong delta (Vietnam) and on the West coast of New-Caledonia, providing a large range of typical ecosystems encountered in Asia and in the Pacifie, from coralline sites to coastal plains with mangrove and deltaic areas. The study concerned the spatial structure and seasonal influence of these ecosystems, the temporal variation during the course of the project (3 years) and the relation between the ecological structure and farm productions.
Remote sensing provides a synoptic vision over large land expanses. Severa! scenes were processed for landuse mapping using conventional classification techniques. Concerning water quality assessment, a general relation for the Java sea was found between image and field data in terms of total suspended matter. Applying this relation to a new site in Sumatra has provided an initial approach to water type and, together with land use mapping, a preliminary assessment of the suitability of the area to shrimp aquaculture development.
Socio-economic research has been focused on the identification ofneeds for collective action, including public policy, in the perspective of shrimp farming sustainability. The main concern is in the regulation of shrimp farming intensification and extensification at the scale of coastal ecosystemic entities in a common property resource management perspective. The common considered here is coastal water quality. Comparing the local development profiles and the institutional grounds for the design and implementation of collective management rules shows that variables such as land tenure system, farm owner socio-economic profile, social homogeneity or heterogeneity of the farmers are key factors to analyse the potential for sustainability. The defmition of
water quality and the possible means to ensure its collective management are discussed. The main conclusion is that the economie incentives to farming development are strong but there is no significant difference among traditional, semi-intensive and intensive systems in terms of economie efficiency or wealth distribution.
The description of the functioning of the different kinds of ecosystems make it possible to give an advice concerning the positioning of the activity inside the ecosystem, and furthermore to have a reference state in order to determine the impact of the activity on the coastal environnement. This impact can be summarized as an increase in the concentration of total suspended matt€?r, of particulate organic matter and of sulfate reducing bacterias. This organic ma~.er is either issued from rearing activities or from telluric origine, due to mangrove eradication when building the ponds.
An evaluation of the relationship existing between productivity and characteristics of each ecosystem bas been conducted by correlating ecological indicators data (concentration of total suspended matter, particulate organic matter, chlorophyll, percentage of pheopigments in total pigments and cyanobacteria and sulfatereducing bacteria in water and sediments) with the average production of the farms. This comparison lead to the compilation of a scale of observed production integrating the range of these environmental parameters with shrimp production levels, bound to facilitate the positioning of shrimp farming in relation with the confmement leve! of each ecosystem.
Lastly, ali geographie data originated from the various compartments of the study have been geo-referenced and loaded into a geographical information system. This allows to display any query made on spatial variables and their related statistical data, including the ir variations over the last few years and to reveal patterns and phenomena otherwise not obvious. Le programme mis en oeuvre par la DRV (Paris, CREMA-L'Houmeau, DELIAO Brest, COP Tahiti, GIE/RA Nouvelle Calédonie), dans le cadre d'un projet européen STD3 «(Sciences et Technique au Service du Développement», en collaboration avec l'Université de Montpellier II, l'Ecole Nationale d'Agronomie de Rennes, l'ITC (Hollande), l'Institut Océanographique de Nha Trang (Vietnam), le BADC de Jepara et le BPPT de Jakarta (Indonésie), avait pour but la mise au point de méthodes permettant d'améliorer la sélection des sites ainsi que le suivi du développement et de l'impact de l'aquaculture des crevettes Péneides en milieu tropical pour éviter la surexploitation. Quatre axes de recherche ont été défmis : a) identifier la nature et quantifier les rejets de déchets issus de ce type d'aquaculture, b) définir les caractéristiques écologiques des écosystèmes susceptibles d'accueillir l'activité aquacole et suivre leur évolution sous l'influence des rejets, c) déterminer l'influence de la gestion des fermes et des ressources (aspects économiques) sur les performances de productivité, d) déterminer la capacité de la télédétection comme outil de diagnostic d'impact à l'échelle de la région, e) mener un programme de formation d'étudiants et jeunes chercheurs Vietnamiens et Indonésiens. Droits : 1998 Ifremer http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00132/24357/22357.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00132/24357/ | Partager |
| | Using EUNIS habitat classification for benthic mapping in European seas: Present concerns and future needs Auteur(s) : Galparsoro, Ibon Connor, David W. Borja, Angel Aish, Annabelle Amorim, Patricia Bajjouk, Touria Chambers, Caroline Coggan, Roger Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd Résumé : The EUNIS (European Union Nature Information System) habitat classification system aims to provide a common European reference set of habitat types within a hierarchical classification, and to cover all terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats of Europe. The classification facilitates reporting of habitat data in a comparable manner, for use in nature conservation (e.g. inventories, monitoring and assessments), habitat mapping and environmental management. For the marine environment the importance of a univocal habitat classification system is confirmed by the fact that many European initiatives, aimed at marine mapping, assessment and reporting, are increasingly using EUNIS habitat categories and respective codes. For this reason substantial efforts have been made to include information on marine benthic habitats from different regions, aiming to provide a comprehensive geographical coverage of European seas. However, there still remain many concerns on its applicability as only a small fraction of Europe's seas are fully mapped and increasing knowledge and application raise further issues to be resolved. This paper presents an overview of the main discussion and conclusions of a workshop, organised by the MeshAtlantic project, focusing upon the experience in using the EUNIS habitats classification across different countries and seas, together with case studies. The aims of the meeting were to: (i) bring together scientists with exper_ience_in the use of the EUNIS marine classification and representatives from the European Environment Agency (EEA); (ii) agree on enhancements to EUNIS that ensure an improved representation of the European marine habitats; and (iii) establish practices that make marine habitat maps produced by scientists more consistent with the needs of managers and decision-makers. During the workshop challenges for the future development of EUNIS were identified, which have been classified into five categories: (1) structure and hierarchy; (2) biology; (3) terminology; (4) mapping; and (5) future development. The workshop ended with a declaration from the attendees, with recommendations to the EEA and European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity, to take into account the outputs of the workshop, which identify weaknesses in the current classification and include proposals for its modification, and to devise a process to further develop the marine component of the EUNIS habitat classification. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Marine Pollution Bulletin (0025-326X) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2012-12 , Vol. 64 , N. 12 , P. 2630-2638 Droits : 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00125/23663/22686.pdf DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.10.010 http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00125/23663/ | Partager |
| | Le SIG marin en baie du Mont Saint-Michel - SIMON. Mise en place et avancement Auteur(s) : Giacomini, Elodie Populus, Jacques Rozec, Xavier Résumé : This report presents the implementation process and the current status of the marine GIS database project in Mont Saint Michel Bay, called SIMON. This document provides a user's guide for Sextant (technical platform for SIMON), describes various protocols that were developed (data validation, creation of metadata and preparation for uploading data on Sextant) and gives an inventory of data currently available in SIMON. This report is thus intended for end users but also for project coordinators, particularly those who are responsible for geomatics management using SIMON.... Ce rapport a pour objectif de présenter la démarche de mise en place et l'état d'avancement du projet de SIG marin en Baie du Mont Saint-Michel, nommé SIMON. Il propose un manuel d'utilisation de Sextant (support technique de SIMON), divers protocoles mis au point (validation des données, création des métadonnées et préparation au chargement des données sur Sextant), ainsi qu'un catalogue des données actuellement disponibles sur SIMON. Il s'adresse donc aux utilisateurs mais aussi aux porteurs du projet, notamment l'administrateur qui prendra en charge la gestion géomatique de SIMON. Ce projet a bénéficié de financements de la Délégation Interministérielle à l'Aménagement et à la Collectivité des Territoires (DIACT) via le Fond National d'Aménagement et de Développement du Territoire (FNADT), de la DIREN Bretagne et de l'Association Interdépartementale Manche Ille-et-Vilaine. SIMON est un projet de mutualisation de données, il n'aurait donc pu voir le jour sans la participation active des très nombreux producteurs de données de la baie du Mont Saint-Michel que nous remercions vivement. Nous prions ceux qui auraient été omis de la liste ci-dessous de bien vouloir nous pardonner : CELRL, DDAM 35, DDE Ille-et- Vilaine, DDE Manche, DIREN Basse-Normandie, DIREN Bretagne, DRE Bretagne, IFREMER, Maison de la baie du Mont Saint-Michel, MNHN/CNRS (Station marine de Dinard), EPHE/CNRS (Laboratoire de géomorphologie de Dinard), Université de La Rochelle, SHOM, etc... Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-4360.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4360/ | Partager |
| | Cartographie des habitats physiques Eunis - Côtes de France. Convention Ifremer/AAMP n° 09/12177764/FY Auteur(s) : Hamdi, Anouar Vasquez, Mickael Populus, Jacques | Partager |
| | Assessment from space of mangroves evolution in the Mekong Delta, in relation to extensive shrimp farming Auteur(s) : Tong, P. H. S Auda, Y Populus, Jacques Aizpuru, M Al Habshi, A. Al Blasco, F Éditeur(s) : Taylor & Francis Résumé : This study is an attempt to produce an assessment of the impact of shrimp aquaculture in the Mekong Delta (Viet Nam) on mangrove ecosystems. For this exercise we selected two sub-areas (Ca Mau and Tra Vinh provinces) encompassing a variety of land uses and ecological conditions. Twenty stations in Tra Vinh and 15 stations in Ca Mau have been surveyed several times from September 2000 to March 2002. Field investigations included mangrove soils studies, measurements of pH and salinity of the water, analysis of mangrove flora, and density and structure of the vegetation. Four Systeme Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) scenes were used for the discrimination of mangrove types and for the delineation of landscape units. For the first time, five ecologically distinct landscape classes were identified and delineated. Their possible links with the farming and yields of high valued species of shrimps, especially the giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) destined for export markets, need further studies. Since 1965, about 30% of mangrove ecosystems have been lost in Ca Mau Province and more than 30% of present mangroves are replanted monospecific stands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which demonstrates that, in spite of deep and ancient man interactions in the Mekong Delta, five ecologically distinct classes of land use can be defined. Satellite surveys confirm a clear distribution of landscape units with possible links with shrimp aquaculture potentialities. International Journal of Remote Sensing (0143-1161) (Taylor & Francis), 2004-11 , Vol. 25 , N. 21 , P. 4795-4812 Droits : 2004 Taylor & Francis http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-2303.pdf DOI:10.1080/01431160412331270858 http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2303/ | Partager Voir aussi Crevette Aquiculture Exploitation agricole Mangrove Discrimination Indice végétation Extrême Orient Asie Macrura Decapoda Télécharger |
| | Etude bibliographique de quelques espèces planctoniques et benthiques littorales de la Manche - Volume 1 - Espèces phytoplanctoniques Auteur(s) : Erard-le Denn, Evelyne Populus, Jacques Résumé : This catalogue deals mainly with common phytoplanktonic species found in the Channel. It is part of a bibliographical survey on pelagos and benthos. The main idea was to gather the largest possible amount of data on the eco-physiology of each species. To do so, studies were conducted in the main marine region where the species had been found and analysed. We focused on several reference ecological studies conducted in the coastal Channel, on the E.D.F. sites, by the C.N.E.X.O., the I.S.T.P.M. and some university laboratories. A great attention was also paid to the studies on seasonal cycles carried out in laboratories in Plymouth, Helgoland and in the Irish zones. (unverified OCR) Ce catalogue se rapporte essentiellement aux espèces phytoplanctoniques les plus courantes et abondantes en Manche; il s'insère dans une synthèse bibliographique générale concernant le pélagos et le benthos. Nous nous sommes proposés de rassembler le plus grand nombre de données sur l'éco-physiologie de chaque espèce. Pour ce faire, les recherches se sont déroulées dans les principales régions maritimes où l'espèce avait été rencontrée et étudiée. Plus particulièrement, notre attention s'est portée sur les études écologiques de référence effectuées en Manche Littorale sur les sites E.D.F. par le C.N.E.X.O., l'I.S.T.P.M, et les laboratoires universitaires; d'importance aussi, furent les études de cycles saisonniers effectuées au laboratoire de Plymouth, d'Helgoland, et dans les zones irlandaises. OCR NON CONTROLE Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/rapport-3701.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3701/ | Partager Voir aussi Physiology Ecology Bentic Coastal species English Channel sea Phytoplanktonic species Physiologie Ecologie Benthiques Espèces littorales Télécharger |