Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : In January and February 2002, the presence of certain agricultural pesticides throughout the coastline of the Caribbean island of Martinique was investigated. The tropical climate of the French West Indies is suitable for banana production, which requires intensive use of pesticides. An inventory of all pesticides used on the island (compounds and tonnage) was compiled. Surveys and analyses revealed the presence of pesticides in the plumes of seven rivers. The organochlorine chlordecone and metabolites of aldicarb were detected at nearly all of the monitored sites, even though the use of chlordecone has been prohibited since 1993. Two triazines (ametryn and simazine) were also identified. The concentrations of carbamates and triazines detected in the water and sediment samples from Martinique are comparable to those reported for mainland France. Chlordecone concentrations in the sediment and particulate matter samples were, however, particularly high in the samples from Martinique. Toxicological implications are discussed. Of particular concern are the high levels of chlordecone (which is bioaccumulating and carcinogenic) and further monitoring of this compound is recommended, especially in fish and other sea-food products.
Marine Pollution Bulletin (0025-326X) (Elsevier), 2005-07 , Vol. 51 , N. 5-7 , P. 612-619

Droits : 2005 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-879.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.06.026
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/879/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVE: Contemporary pesticides, such as triazines or organophosphates, possess immunotoxic properties. We aimed to determine whether prenatal environmental exposure to these current-use pesticides was associated with otitis media (OM) during the first 2 years of life among children from the PELAGIE mother-child cohort. METHODS: The PELAGIE cohort enrolled 3421 women at the beginning of pregnancy in Brittany (France). At the 2-year follow-up, 1505 families completed a self-administered questionnaire, including the domestic use of pesticides and consumption of organic diet during pregnancy and occurrences of OM in the child. Two health outcomes were considered: at least one OM and recurrent OM (at least three). Multivariate logistic regression models that adjusted for known risk factors of OM were performed. Metabolites of triazine herbicides and organophosphate insecticides measured in urine collected before the 19th week of gestation (248 mothers) were considered in a subgroup analysis. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing values for the covariates. RESULTS: Children whose mothers reported an organic diet during pregnancy had a reduced risk of OM (at least one episode, p trend=0.01). No association was found between any outcome and residential proximity to crops. The presence in maternal urine of dealkylated triazine metabolites (OR=2.12 (1.01 to 4.47)) was positively associated with recurrent OM. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to suggest a positive association between prenatal exposure to current-use pesticides and the occurrence of parent-reported OM in young children
Occupational and Environmental Medicine

hal-01201944
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01201944
DOI : 10.1136/oemed-2015-103039
PUBMED : 26347056

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Herbicides are generally the most extensively used of the pesticides applied to agricultural crops. However, the literature contains little evidence useful in assessing the potential sources of the general population's exposure to herbicides, including by residential proximity to crops. The objective of this study was to take advantage of data from the PELAGIE mother-child cohort to identify the main determinants of the body burden of exposure to the chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicides commonly used on corn crops in Brittany, France, before 2006. Urine samples from a randomly selected subcohort of women in the first trimester of pregnancy (n=579) were assayed for herbicide metabolites. The residential exposure resulting from proximity to corn crops was assessed with satellite-image-based scores combined with meteorological data. Data on diet, drinking tap water (from the public water supply), occupations, and household herbicide use were collected by questionnaires. Herbicides were quantified in 5.3% to 39.7% of urine samples. Alachlor and acetochlor were found most frequently in the urine of women living in rural areas. The presence of dealkylated triazine metabolites in urine samples was positively associated with residential proximity to corn crops (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.05-1.80). Urinary metabolites of both atrazine and dealkylated triazine were correlated with tap water consumption (OR=2.94, 1.09-7.90, and OR=1.82, 1.10-3.03, respectively); hydroxylated triazine metabolites were correlated with fish intake (OR=1.48, 1.09-1.99). This study reinforces previous results that suggest that environmental contamination resulting from agricultural activities may contribute to the general population's exposure to herbicides.
Environment International

hal-00966842
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00966842
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00966842/document
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2013.10.010
PUBMED : 24246238

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Herbicides are generally the most extensively used of the pesticides applied to agricultural crops. However, the literature contains little evidence useful in assessing the potential sources of the general population's exposure to herbicides, including by residential proximity to crops.The objective of this study was to take advantage of data from the PELAGIE mother–child cohort to identify the main determinants of the body burden of exposure to the chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicides commonly used on corn crops in Brittany, France, before 2006. Urine samples from a randomly selected subcohort of women in the first trimester of pregnancy (n=579) were assayed for herbicide metabolites. The residential exposure resulting from proximity to corn crops was assessed with satellite-image-based scores combined with meteorological data. Data on diet, drinking tap water (from the public water supply), occupations, and household herbicide use were collected by questionnaires.Herbicides were quantified in 5.3% to 39.7% of urine samples. Alachlor and acetochlor were found most frequently in the urine of women living in rural areas. The presence of dealkylated triazine metabolites in urine samples was positively associated with residential proximity to corn crops (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.05–1.80). Urinary metabolites of both atrazine and dealkylated triazine were correlated with tap water consumption (OR=2.94, 1.09–7.90, and OR=1.82, 1.10–3.03, respectively); hydroxylated triazine metabolites were correlated with fish intake (OR=1.48, 1.09–1.99).This study reinforces previous results that suggest that environmental contamination resulting from agricultural activities may contribute to the general population's exposure to herbicides.
ISSN: 0160-4120

hal-01107546
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01107546
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2013.10.010
PUBMED : 24246238

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Research has been conducted within the framework of the French Initiative for Coral Reefs (IFRECOR) to assess pesticide pollution levels in the coral reef trophic webs in French Polynesia. Unexpected widespread contamination by herbicides was found in algae, fishes and macro-invertebrates located at various levels of the reef trophic web. Concentrations in organisms investigated were for the majority below the lowest observable effect level and do not pose a dietary risk to native population who subsist on these fish. However, the widespread contamination may affect the reef ecosystem in the future as coral symbiotic algae, Symbidinium sp. (Dinophyta) are particularly sensitive to photosystem II herbicides, particularly the substituted urea and triazine derivatives.
ISSN: 0944-1344

hal-01145504
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01145504
DOI : 10.1007/s11356-015-4395-9

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Lung cancer is a serious public health problem. Although there has been significant progress in chemotherapy, non-small cell lung cancer is still resistant to current treatments, primarily because of the slow rate of cell development. It is thus important to find new molecules directed against targets other than proliferation agents. Considering the high proportion of mutant proteins in tumor cells, and the high rate of mutation of the TP53 gene in all cancers, and in NSCLC in particular, this gene is a perfect target. Certain new molecules have been shown to restore the activity of mutated p53 protein, for example PRIMA-1, which reactivates the His273 mutant p53. In a previous study, we presented triazine A190, a molecule with a cytostatic activity that blocks cells in the G1 phase and induces apoptosis. Here, we show that A190 not only restores mutant p53 activity, but also induces an overexpression of the NEDD9 gene, leading to apoptotic death. These findings might offer hope for the development of new targeted therapies, specific to tumor cells, which spare healthy cells
ISSN: 2045-2322

hal-01165439
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01165439
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01165439/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01165439/file/TP53%20transcription%20factor.pdf
DOI : 10.1038/srep10356