Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
In order to study the effect of a competitive triathlon season on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), aerobic power (AeP) and anaerobic performance (AnP) of the lower limbs, eight triathletes performed exercise tests after: (1) a pre-competition period (Pre-COMP) (2) a competitive period (COMP), and (3) a low (volume and intensity) training period (Post-COMP). The tests were a vertical jump-and-reach test and an incremental exercise test on a cycle ergometer. Ventilatory data were collected every minute during the incremental test with an automated breath-by-breath system and the heart-rate was monitored using a telemetric system. RESULTS: No changes in VO2max were observed, whereas AeP decreased after Post-COMP compared to Pre-COMP and COMP and AnP decreased during COMP compared to Pre-COMP and Post-COMP. In addition, second ventilatory threshold (VT2) and power output at first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and VT2 decreased after Post-COMP. CONCLUSION: This study showed that six weeks of low volume and intensity of training is too long a period to preserve adaptations to training, although a stable maximal oxygen uptake throughout the triathlon season was observed. Moreover, the AnP decrease during COMP was probably in relation with the repetitive nature of the training mode and/or triathlon competitions.
ISSN: 0905-7188

hal-00720811
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720811
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720811/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720811/file/Sms-10170.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of both noncircular (ROT) and conventional (CON) chainring systems on aerobic and anaerobic cycling performances of professional cyclists, while analyzing the influence of varying the crank angle of maximum crank arm length of ROT. Fifteen professional road cyclists performed both incremental and sub-maximal aerobic tests and the Wingate anaerobic test in the laboratory. There were no statistical differences between CON and ROT in the aerobic tests, even when the best ROT position (ROT?) was selected. However, in the anaerobic test, maximal (4.2-9.1%) and mean (0.7-4.7%) power outputs were higher in ROT (P0.05). These differences were greater when the ROT? was selected (11.2 and 7.0%, respectively). Our findings suggest that ROT is able to improve anaerobic but not aerobic cycling performance in professional cyclists. Nevertheless, it must be adapted to each cyclist to ensure these improvements.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

hal-00701238
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00701238
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00701238/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00701238/file/Rodriguez-Marroyo-Hue_O.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s00421-009-0993-x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Human Kinetics
Résumé : International audience
The authors investigated the anthropometric and physiological characteristics of young Guadeloupian competitive swimmers in relation to swimming performance and compared the abilities of these children with those of the young white swimmers reported in the literature. All 2004 competitive swimmers between 10 and 14 y old (126 children, 61 boys and 65 girls, 12.0 ± 1.3 y) from Guadeloupe underwent anthropometric measurements and physiological and performance testing. Six boys on the French national swimming team are referred to hereafter as the 2011 elite subgroup. Anthropometric parameters, a jump-and-reach test, glide, and estimated aerobic power (eVO2max) were assessed in terms of swimming-performance analysis through a 400-m test. This study demonstrated that the Guadeloupian swimmers had more body fat than most age-matched white swimmers but had very poor hydrostatic lift; they had higher peak jump height and they swam as well as their white counterparts. The variability in 400-m performance between subjects was best described by glide, age, and eVO2max. Compared with the group of boys with the same age, the 2011 elite subgroup was significantly better for arm span, peak jump height, glide, and 400-m and 15-m performances. Further research is needed to investigate motor organization and energy cost of swimming in Afro-Caribbean swimmers.
ISSN: 1555-0265

hal-01137258
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01137258
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01137258/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01137258/file/Hue%20et%20al.%20-%202013%20-%20Anthropometric%20and%20physiological%20characteristics%20in%20young%20Afro-Caribbean%20swimmers%20A%20preliminary%20study.pdf