Manioc : Portail | resultats 21 - 40 pour la recherche: Soil organic matter distribution

Negro slavery, or A view of some of the more prominent features of that state of society, as it exists in the United States of America and in the colonies of the West Indies, especially in Jamaica
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Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of America, during the years 1799-1804 / by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland ; translated from the French of Alexander von Humboldt and edited by Thomasina Ross. Volume 2
Auteur(s) : Bonpland, Aimé (1773-1858) Humboldt, Alexander von (1769-1859)
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The history, civil and commercial, of the British colonies in the West Indies. Volume II
Auteur(s) : Edwards, Bryan (1743-1800)
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Antigua and the Antiguans: a full account of the colony and its inhabitants from the time of the Caribs to the present day, interspersed with anecdotes and legends : also, an impartial view of slavery and the free labour systems, the statistics of the island, and biographical notices of the principal families, Volume 1
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Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of America, during the years 1799-1804 / by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland ; translated from the French of Alexander von Humboldt and edited by Thomasina Ross. Volume 1
Auteur(s) : Bonpland, Aimé (1773-1858) Humboldt, Alexander von (1769-1859)
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French Guiana
Auteurs secondaires : Grande-Bretagne. Foreign Office. Historical Section
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The Life and voyages of Christopher Colombus ; together with the voyages of his companions (vol. 2)
Auteur(s) : Irving, Washington (1783-1859)
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Sediment characteristics and microbial mats in a marine mangrove, Manche-à-eau lagoon (Guadeloupe)
Auteur(s) : Gontharet, Swanne Crémière, Antoine Blanc-Valleron, Marie-Madeleine Sebilo, Mathieu Gros, Olivier Laverman, Anniet M. Dessailly, David
Auteurs secondaires : Biologie de la Mangrove (BM) ; Systématique, adaptation, évolution (SAE) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Evolution Paris Seine ; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS) ; Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS) ; Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - INEE - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
PurposeMarine mangrove sediments in the Manche-à-Eau lagoon (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) harbor locally extensive, white microbial mats. These mats cover the surface of reduced sediments near the roots of red mangrove trees, Rhizophora mangle, and are mainly composed of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Beggiatoaceae family, with some filamentous cyanobacteria. The goal of this study was to investigate the possible influence of sediment characteristics on the presence of these microbial mats.Materials and methodsFour push cores were collected in April 2013, two from zones with microbial mats and two from zones without mats. Sediment characteristics (grain-size distribution, mineralogy, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents, atomic TOC/TN ratios, and organic matter (OM) δ13C values) were compared for all four cores.Results and discussionSignificant differences were observed between sediments below microbial mats and those without mats. Sediments with microbial mats contained greater amounts of clay, and higher TOC, TN, and TOC/TN ratios, with lower total carbonate content and δ13C values. The higher clay content most likely results from lower fluid flow velocity near to mangrove roots, while higher TOC/TN ratios and lower δ13C values indicate higher inputs of OM from mangrove trees. These results are consistent with the fact that microbial mats were observed near the roots of mangrove trees, which trap OM from terrestrial vegetation and fine sediments.ConclusionsThe grain-size distribution of sediment particles, the total carbonate content, and the δ13C values are the main parameters discriminating between zones with microbial mats and those without mats. Variations in total carbonate content, which is mainly of biogenic origin, result from conditions that are more favorable for benthic organisms in zones without microbial mats. Variations of the TOC/TN ratios are controlled by the presence of a non-negligible amount of inorganic nitrogen bound to surface clay mineral particles and/or by microbial processes.
ISSN: 1439-0108

hal-01545903
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545903
DOI : 10.1007/s11368-016-1555-6

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Emancipation in the West Indies : a six months's tour in Antigua, Barbadoes, and Jamaica, in the year 1837
Auteur(s) : Thome, James Armstrong (1813-1873) Kimball, Joseph Horace (1813-1838)
Auteurs secondaires : American Anti-Slavery Society
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Santo Domingo : past and present with a glance at Hayti
Auteur(s) : Hazard, Samuel (1834-1876)
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Notes on Haïti, made during a residence in that republic : in two volumes. Volume 2
Auteur(s) : Mackenzie, Charles (1788-1862)
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Slavery in the state of North Carolina
Auteur(s) : Bassett, John Spencer (1867-1928)
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Heavy metals distribution in mangrove sediments along the mobile coastline of French Guiana
Auteur(s) : Marchand, Cyril Lallier Verges, E Baltzer, F Alberic, P Cossa, Daniel Baillif, P

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : The accumulation of nine heavy metals in fine-grained sediments from the mangrove fringed coast of French Guiana is evaluated. The dynamic features of the South American tropical coastline, from the Amazon to the Orinoco Rivers, result in mangrove sediments being alternately submitted to phases of erosion and net sedimentation a few tens of years long. This process influences the distribution of the heavy metals associated with these frequently re-mobilized deposits. Sedimentary cores and mangrove plant samples were collected, at different seasons, in various swamps characterized by different properties (content of sedimentary organic matter, distance from sea water and fresh water). The ranges of measured concentrations expressed in mu mol g(-1) were the following: Cu (0.06 to 0.61), Co (0.12 to 0.68), Pb (0.08 to 0.18), Ni (0.32 to 0.76), Cr (0.61 to 1.40), Zn (1.25 to 5.94), Mn (4.36 to 45.4) and Fe (441 to 1128). No differences were found between sediments from mangroves developing upstream and downstream of urban areas, i.e. Cayenne and Kourou. This suggests that the content of mangrove sediments in heavy metals along the coastline of French Guiana is essentially the result of the continuous alternation of accumulation and transport phases occurring upstream after departing from the Amazon watershed. The sources of this heavy metals content are thus difficult to identify. However it is well known that the alluvium produced by the natural erosion of the Amazonian soils is naturally enriched in mercury. Also, the run-off from gold mining activities is known to contribute to mercury pollution. Ranges in total Hg were between 0.15 and 2.57 nmol g(-1), with mean values close to 0.41 nmol g(-1), and were clearly correlated with total organic carbon except for some outstanding high values, which may be a result of rapid geochemical changes. Heavy metal concentrations showed variations with depth. The redox conditions and the decay processes affecting the organic matter control the cycling of iron and manganese, which in turn control the concentrations and associations of heavy metals. These preliminary results suggest that the variations in heavy metal content with depth or between mangrove areas result largely from diagenetic processes rather than changes in metal input resulting from local human activities. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Marine Chemistry (0304-4203) (Elsevier), 2006 , Vol. 98 , N. 1 , P. 1-17

Droits : 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1041.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2005.06.001
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1041/

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A voyage to the Demerary : containing a statistical account of the settlements there, and of those on the Essequebo, the Berbice, and others contiguous rivers of Guyana
Auteur(s) : Bolingbroke, Henry (1785-1855)
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Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Purpose: Marine mangrove sediments in the Manche-à-Eau lagoon (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) harbor locally extensive, white microbial mats. These mats cover the surface of reduced sediments near the roots of red mangrove trees, Rhizophora mangle, and are mainly composed of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Beggiatoaceae family, with some filamentous cyanobacteria. The goal of this study was to investigatethe possible influence of sediment characteristics on the presence of these microbial mats. Materials and methods: Four push cores were collected in April 2013, two from zones with microbial mats and two from zones without mats. Sediment characteristics (grain-size distribution, mineralogy, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents, atomic TOC/TN ratios, and organic matter (OM) δ13C values) were compared for all four cores.Results and discussion: Significant differences were observed between sediments below microbial mats and those without mats. Sediments with microbial mats contained greater amounts of clay, and higher TOC, TN, and TOC/TN ratios, with lower total carbonate content andδ13C values. The higher clay content most likely results from lower fluid flow velocity near to mangrove roots, while higher TOC/TN ratiosand lower δ13C values indicate higher inputs of OM from mangrove trees. These results are consistent with the fact that microbial mats were observed near the roots of mangrove trees, which trap OM from terrestrial vegetation and fine sediments.Conclusions: The grain-size distribution of sediment particles, the total carbonate content, and the δ13C values are the main parameters discriminating between zones with microbial mats and those without mats. Variations in total carbonate content, which is mainly of biogenic origin, result from conditions that are more favorable for benthic organisms in zones without microbial mats. Variations of the TOC/TN ratios are controlled by the presence of a non-negligible amount of inorganic nitrogen bound to surface clay mineral particles and/or by microbial processes.
ISSN: 1439-0108

hal-01682110
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01682110
DOI : 10.1007/s11368-016-1555-6

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Antigua and the Antiguans: a full account of the colony and its inhabitants from the time of the Caribs to the present day, interspersed with anecdotes and legends : also, an impartial view of slavery and the free labour systems, the statistics of the island, and biographical notices of the principal families, Volume 2
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Bibliographie d'histoire coloniale : 1900-1930
Auteur(s) : Martineau, Alfred (1859-1945) Roussier, Paul (1882-1965) Tramond, Joannès (1882-1935)
Auteurs secondaires : Congrès international d'histoire coloniale (1 ; 1931 ; Paris)
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The West Indies in 1837; being the journal of a visit to Antigua, Montserrat, Dominica, St. Lucia, Barbados, and Jamaïca : undertaken for the purpose of ascertaining the actual condition of the negro population of those islands
Auteur(s) : Sturge, Joseph (1793-1859) Harvey, Thomas (1812-1884)
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Cuba population, history and resources 1907
Auteur(s) : Olmsted, Victor Hugo Gannett, Henry (1846-1914)
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The English in the West Indies or the bow of Ulysses
Auteur(s) : Froude, James Anthony (1818-1894) Pearson, G.
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