Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The goal of our experiment is to develop a useful and accessible tool that can be used to evaluate a patient's health by analyzing handwritten strokes. We use a cloud computing approach to analyze stroke data sampled on a commercial tablet working on the Android platform and a distant server to perform complex calculations using the Delta and Sigma lognormal algorithms. A Google Drive account is used to store the data and to ease the development of the project. The communication between the tablet, the cloud and the server is encrypted to ensure biomedical information confidentiality. Highly parameterized biomedical tests are implemented on the tablet as well as a free drawing test to evaluate the validity of the data acquired by the first test compared to the second one. A blurred shape model descriptor pattern recognition algorithm is used to classify the data obtained by the free drawing test. The functions presented in this paper are still currently under development and other improvements are needed before launching the application in the public domain.
17th Biennial Conference of the International Graphonomics Society
Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe

hal-01165890
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165890
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165890/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165890/file/IGS_2015_submission_20.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, the causal agent of yellow leaf, is transmitted from plant to plant by aphids. Understanding and evaluating the epidemic risks due to spread of yellow leaf by aphids is an important feature for sugarcane production. Four distinct sugarcane trials were set up with disease-free plants to study the relationship between spread of yellow leaf, the vector dynamics and environmental conditions that may favour yellow leaf epidemics. The study was performed by surveys of vector populations and determination of plant infections. Sugarcane cultivar SP71-6163, highly susceptible to yellow leaf, was analyzed spatially at different dates in all four trials and compared to commercial cultivars in two of the four trials. These surveys allowed us to identify a correlation between the aphid dynamics in the field and yellow leaf progress. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between rainfall during the first weeks after transferring sugarcane plants to the field and aphid dispersal within the field. This later result revealed an impact of rainfall on aphid invasion and subsequent plant infection by SCYLV. If aphids are the key factor for disease spread, plant response varied also according to cultivar resistance with high variation depending on rain conditions.
ISSN: 0929-1873

hal-00684227
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00684227

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : There has been growing interest in the development of mud crab aquaculture in New Caledonia. However, for this to become established at a commercial level, a cost-effective formulated feed based on internationally-available ingredients needs to be developed. We have evaluated the optimal dietary protein content for juvenile crabs, Scylla serrata (Forskål, 1775), using a series of diets with a protein content ranging from 27 to 49% and soy protein concentrate (SPC) as the main protein source. For this purpose, 54 individually housed crabs were allocated to five dietary treatments (n = 10 or 11). The crabs were fed ad libitum, for 81 days with the allocated diets. The apparent digestibilities of dry mater, crude protein and energy were high (96.2-97.3%), irrespective of the diet. The voluntary feed intake (VFI) of crabs widely varied from 46 to 220 g kg- 1of fresh initial body weight per week (iBW week- 1) whatever the diet. However, SPC intake and protein intake increased significantly with dietary protein content up to the diet with 40% crude protein, but did not increase further with diets containing 44% and 49% crude protein. The cumulative molts were strongly affected by the VFI levels or energy intake and also, to a lesser extent, by the levels of SPC or protein in diets. Two phases in tissue gain were observed after ecdysis: an initial deposition phase lasting around 30 days followed by a plateau which lasted until the next molt. The daily tissue growth was 16.5% of dry body weight (dry BW) one day after ecdysis and dramatically decreased to 3.6% of dry BW over the first 10 days, then decreased more slowly to the minimum value of 1.3% of dry BW over the next 70 days. During the course of experiment, the best growth (tissue growth and molt frequency) and the best feed efficiency (FCR, PER, retention of proteins and lipids) were obtained with crabs fed on the diet with 40% crude protein. This result was confirmed by a bioenergetic study which showed significantly higher allocation of the energy intake for growth (RE) of crabs fed on diet 40% crude protein. Finally, under our experimental conditions, 1 kg of juvenile crabs required 6.5 ± 1.1 g of protein per day. This level was obtained with the diet SPC-42 that contained 40% of protein of which almost three quarters were derived from SPC. Two hypotheses are proposed to explain the negative effect of high level of SPC or protein on growth and feed efficiency for crabs fed on in diets containing 52% and 60% SPC.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2014-10 , Vol. 434 , P. 499-509

Droits : 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00211/32196/30630.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00211/32196/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Electrical resistivity soundings are used by geophysicists to determine the structure and composition of the Earth's crust and mantle and to explore natural resources (ore, oil, gas, water). Their interpretations in terms of composition and in-situ physical conditions depend mainly on laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity of rocks at simulated crustal conditions of temperature, pressure, saturation and pore pressures. These measurements present a numbers of limitations, in particular, in the case where conductive pore fluids are present, as in the case of deep reservoir conditions, where temperature exceeds 250 A degrees C. Here, we present a new cell capable of measuring electrical conductivity of large saturated samples at confining pressure up to 200 MPa, pore pressure up to 50 MPa, and temperature up to 500 A degrees C. The measurement cell has been developed in a commercial, internally heated, gas pressure apparatus (Paterson press). It is based on the concept of "guard ring" electrode, which is adapted to samples that are jacketed by a very conductive, metallic material. Numerical modeling of the current flow in the electrical cell allowed defining the optimal cell geometry. Calibration tests have been performed on Fontainebleau sandstones saturated with electrolytes of different conductivities, up to 350 A degrees C. The resulting electrical formation factor and temperature dependence of electrical conductivity are in very good agreement with previous studies. This new cell will improve the exploration and exploitation of deep fluid reservoirs, as in unconventional, high enthalpy geothermal fields. In particular, the investigations address possible effects of fluid-rock interactions on electrical resistivity of a reservoir host rock.
ISSN: 0169-3913

hal-00681997
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00681997
DOI : 10.1007/s11242-011-9846-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Karthala
Résumé : International audience
Cette communication montre comment les grandes surfaces supplantent dès les années 1970, les autres formes de commerce. A la fin des années 1990, elles deviennent même de véritables centralités qui rivalisent les centre-villes.
DESSE M (2002). Les grandes surfaces et les zones d’activités commerciales : éléments structurants des nouvelles spatialités guadeloupéennes, martiniquaises et guyanaises. Actes du colloque « Les Départements Français d’Amérique à l’aube du XXIe siècle :leur développement économique et social » sous la direction de M Burac et M Desse, Terres d’Amérique n°4, Karthala, Paris. Pp 189-203.
Schoelcher, France

hal-01203469
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01203469

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Signatures provide a convenient and widely accepted method of authentication, however they are prone to attack by forgery. This can be mitigated to an extent by analysing both the static and dynamic biometric aspects of construction, however the possibly for accurate forgery from a static image of a genuine signature still exists. In this study we explore initial forgery accuracy of a range of genuine signatures and how accuracy changes as a forger receives feedback from a commercial signature engine in terms of a 'match score'. We also explore the effects of genuine signature complexity on forgery performance alongside the image size of the genuine signature to be forged. Our results show that forgers are able improve performance over time on simple signatures (including those with less pen travel distance) and that a magnified genuine sample enables more accurate forgery for these class of signatures. More complex signatures result in lower forged verification scores and irregular patterns of improvement across the five forgeries. Overall verification match scores were typically less than 80% for most attempts regardless of signature complexity, thus indicating the resilience of dynamic systems to unskilled forgery attempts.
17th Biennial Conference of the International Graphonomics Society
Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe

hal-01165763
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165763
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165763/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165763/file/IGS_2015_submission_1.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Abstract This work shows the preparation, characterisation and testing of TiO2 membranes dip-coated on commercial α-Al2O3 tubes for desalination. TiO2 thin films (∼400 nm) were synthesised from titanium propoxide and exposed to a gentle thermal treatment to control particle and pore sizes (dp ∼ 4 nm). The TiO2 membranes were tested for brackish (0.3 wt%), sea water (3.5 wt%) and brine concentrations (7.5 and 10 wt%) up to 75°C in a pervaporation setup. Water fluxes as high as 10.5 kg m-2 h-1 were achieved for brackish concentrations, whilst values of up to 4.0 and 6.0 kg m-2 h-1 were measured for the highest brine concentration (10 wt%). Concentration and temperature polarisation both affected the water fluxes, particularly for brine solutions, though the latter was more dominant. Salt rejection remained very high at ∼99% for all tested conditions, thus demonstrating the feasibility of mesoporous inorganic TiO2 structures for desalination and brine processing. The TiO2 membranes proved to be stable for long term (>350 h) testing even under thermal cycling conditions. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ISSN: 1383-5866

hal-01683212
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01683212
DOI : 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.04.028

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Sidestone Press
Résumé : International audience
Les habitations-plantations constituent le creuset historique et symbolique où fut fondu l'alliage original que sont les cultures antillaises. Elles sont le berceau des sociétés créoles contemporaines qui y ont puisé tant leur forte parenté que leur diversité. Leur étude a été précocement le terrain de prédilection des historiens. Les archéologues antillanistes se consacraient alors plus volontiers à l'étude des sociétés précolombiennes. Ainsi, en dehors des travaux pionniers de J. Handler et F. Lange à la Barbade, c'est surtout depuis la fin des années 1980 qu'un véritable développement de l'archéologie des habitations-plantations antillaises a pu être observé. Les questions pouvant être traitées par l'archéologie des habitations-plantations sont extrêmement riches et multiples et ne sauraient être épuisées par la publication d'un unique ouvrage. Les différents chapitres qui composent ce livre dirigé par K. Kelly et B. Bérard n'ont pas vocation à tendre à l'exhaustivité. Ils nous semblent, par contre, être représentatifs, par la variété des questions abordée et la diversité des angles d'approche, de la dynamique actuelle de ce champ de la recherche. Cette diversité est évidemment liée à celle des espaces concernés: les habitations-plantations de cinq îles des Petites Antilles : Antigua, la Guadeloupe, la Dominique, la Martinique et la Barbade sont ici étudiées. Elle est aussi, au sein d'un même espace, due à la cohabitation de différentes pratiques universitaires. Nous espérons que cet ouvrage, tout en diffusant une information jusqu'à présent trop dispersée, sera le point de départ de nouveaux travaux. Ce développement de la recherche est une nécessité scientifique mais aussi sociale pour les populations antillaises. L'archéologie historique est une voie d'accès privilégiée aux interstices de l'histoire coloniale (contact précoloniaux, commerce interlope, marronnage physique et moral, nécessaires concessions fruits de la négociation permanente entre la norme coloniale et réalité quotidienne, etc.). En fouillant la terre antillaise, les archéologues ne peuvent que conter la quotidienneté de la vie au sein de l'archipel. Or c'est aussi (beaucoup ?) de ces interstices, s'inscrivant le plus souvent dans des échelles micro-locales, locales ou régionales, qu'ont émergé les cultures antillaises.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00973942

ISBN : 9789088901942
hal-00973942
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00973942