Éditeur(s) : ISTPM
Résumé : Euphausiids development is the focus of numerous works conducted in a very dispersed order, so much so that these organisms' larval stages nomenclature has become really confusing and needed to be clarified-as shown in the following chronology.
Le développement des Euphausiacés a donné lieu à de nombreux travaux effectués en ordre dispersé, si bien qu'une certaine con fusion en tache la nomenclature des stades larvaires de ces organismes et qu'une mise au point s'imposait, le bref historique qui suit le montrera. OCR NON CONTRÔLE
Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes (0035-2276) (ISTPM), 1965-06 , Vol. 29 , N. 2 , P. 191-195

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1965/publication-3992.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3992/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : The New Caledonia blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris is commercially produced under semi-intensive rearing conditions. The size of the farming earthen ponds (5–10 ha) and the subsequent production constraints make it difficult to use them as experimental units for random experiments. Moreover, since every pond has its own characteristics, ponds' effects cannot be ruled out, thus making it hard to define true replicates. In order to design future experiments under conditions resembling those used in production, we evaluated the possible use of floating cages as experimental units with the aim of assessing treatment effects with a reasonable statistical power. To this end, two sets of floating cages were placed respectively in two different ponds in a commercial farm. In both cases the zootechnical conditions in the cages were similar in post-larvae origin, management, and diet and feeding regime. The aim of the study was to evaluate on a technical basis the possibility of rearing shrimps in floating cages set up in earthen ponds and to assess this method from a statistical standpoint. Shrimps reared in and outside the cages showed comparable growth and survival rates. The variability in the zootechnical parameters between cages, expressed as the estimated coefficient of variation (CV) for survival rate, total final biomass (g), final body weight (g), daily increment in body weight (g day− 1) and FCR were 11.0, 13.7, 4.4, 5.4, and 7.0%, respectively. On the basis of these figures, we calculated for a given statistical power (80%) the number of replicates (cages) that would be required to reveal significant differences between two treatments, at a 5% level of significance. We found that for expected differences of 20% from the control mean, 3 and 6 floating cages per treatment would be reasonable to determine statistical differences for growth parameters and survival rate, respectively. Moreover, we showed a significant pond effect in regard to survival and growth between the two sets of cages. These results illustrated the within-farm variability among the ponds, and confirmed that the specific characteristics of each pond from the same farm make it difficult to use the ponds themselves as experimental units. The study demonstrates that rearing in floating cages is an economical, powerful and sensitive experimental tool for shrimp culture studies specifically carried out under conditions close to semi-intensive production.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier), 2008-07 , Vol. 279 , N. 1-4 , P. 63-69

Droits : 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4363.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.03.053
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4363/

Éditeur(s) : Europe Aqauculture Symposium, October 14-17, San Sebastian, Spain
Résumé : Shrimp farming in New-Caledonia faces up to difficulties. A fluctuating quality of broodstock prevents sustainable production of larvae in quantity and quality. The traditional extensive rearing method of broodstock in outdoor earthen ponds used in New Caledonia raises several issues: poor water quality control and biosecurity. Therefore it is fundamental to modify the broodstock culture strategy in order to achieve an easier water quality management and maximal biosecurity. Biofloc technology (BFT) offers easier water quality management, higher natural productivity, higher level of biosecurity, and could be a good alternative. Since 2011 a R&D program started under the supervision of IFREMER in New Caledonia and French Polynesia in order to study and develop biofloc technology for rearing shrimp L. stylirostris broodstock. In a first step we showed that biofloc (BFT) improved significantly the reproductive performances of shrimps and the quality of their larvae compared to Clear Water (CW) or Earthen Pond (EP), with: • A better final survival rate of broodstock from BFT compare to CW. • Females from BFT produced more eggs per spawn and spawned more frequently compared to females from CW or EP. • The larvae from BFT females had a significantly higher survival rate compared to larvae from CW females, respectively 70% (n=4) and 45% (n=4). In a second step we studied the underlying biological mechanisms explaining the better reproductive performance and health status of the broodstock from BFT rearing system, and the better quality of their larvae. We showed that the juvenile shrimp fed actively on biofloc, which represented 60% of their whole food (40% coming from pelleted diet). Biofloc represents a significant source of essential nutrients (vitamins, antioxidants, highly unsaturated fatty acids, …) or dietary bacteria which could act as probiotic. These dietary complements could explain the improved health status (immunity and oxidative status status), the better resistance to oxidative stress and a systematically better survival rate of the shrimp reared in BFT compared to those reared in CW.

Droits : 2014 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36084/34635.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36084/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice ; Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters
Résumé : CRISPR/Cas9 disturbance of the multiple vitellogenin (vtg) system: essential functions of different vtg types during zebrafish egg, embryo and larval development. 6. International Workshop on the Biology of Fish Gametes
6. International Workshop on the Biology of Fish Gametes
Vodnany, Czech Republic

hal-01595005
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01595005
PRODINRA : 405326

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Inter-Research
Résumé : International audience
Many large groupers form spawning aggregations, returning to the same spawning sites in consecutive spawning seasons. Connectivity between spawning aggregations is thus assured by larval dispersal. This study looks into the genetic structure and gene flow among spawning aggregations of a large grouper, the gulf coney Hyporthodus acanthistius, in the northern Gulf of California. First, using the mitochondrial control region and 11 microsatellites, we calculated FST metrics and conducted a Bayesian clustering analysis to determine structure among 5 spawning aggregations. Shallow genetic structure was found, separating the southernmost spawning aggregate from the remainder. Second, we used the results from the structure analysis and local water circulation patterns to delineate 3 distinct models of gene flow. The best-supported model, in which the southernmost spawning aggregate formed one group and all other spawning aggregates were nested into a second group, was the one that was consistent with water circulation during the species’ spawning season. Larval retention within a seasonal anticyclonic gyre that formed during the gulf coney’s spawning season may be responsible for the patterns found. This study highlights the importance of local oceanographic conditions in dictating the structure among spawning aggregations even at small geographic scales and contributes to informed management plans for this overexploited grouper.
Marine Ecology Progress Series

hal-01301199
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01301199
DOI : 10.3354/meps10637

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The separation of the germ line from the soma is a classic concept in animal biology, and depending on species is thought to involve fate determination either by maternally localized germ plasm (''preformation'' or ``maternal inheritance'') or by inductive signaling (classically termed ``epigenesis'' or ``zygotic induction''). The latter mechanism is generally considered to operate in non-bilaterian organisms such as cnidarians and sponges, in which germ cell fate is determined at adult stages from multipotent stem cells. We have found in the hydrozoan cnidarian Clytia hemisphaerica that the multipotent ``interstitial'' cells (i-cells) in larvae and adult medusae, from which germ cells derive, express a set of conserved germ cell markers: Vasa, Nanos1, Piwi and PL10. In situ hybridization analyses unexpectedly revealed maternal mRNAs for all these genes highly concentrated in a germ plasm-like region at the egg animal pole and inherited by the i-cell lineage, strongly suggesting i-cell fate determination by inheritance of animal-localized factors. On the other hand, experimental tests showed that i-cells can form by epigenetic mechanisms in Clytia, since larvae derived from both animal and vegetal blastomeres separated during cleavage stages developed equivalent i-cell populations. Thus Clytia embryos appear to have maternal germ plasm inherited by i-cells but also the potential to form these cells by zygotic induction. Reassessment of available data indicates that maternally localized germ plasm molecular components were plausibly present in the common cnidarian/bilaterian ancestor, but that their role may not have been strictly deterministic.
ISSN: 0012-1606

hal-01544487
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01544487
DOI : 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.01.018

Résumé : Ce travail fait suite à la publication du premier volume « Etude de la crise de la pêche de la crevette en Guyane » (Lampert, 2011). Dans ce premier volume nous avons répondu à la première question qui se posait : « la crise de la crevette est-elle due à la pêche elle-même ? ». Nous avons pu répondre par la négative, laissant la porte ouverte à des hypothèses environnementales et trophiques. Facteurs environnementaux La piste des facteurs environnementaux est liée aux changements climatiques, pérennes ou cycliques. L’augmentation de la température de surface de la mer, les changements dans le régime des vents, de la houle et la salinité, la relation qu’il peut y avoir entre le recrutement et les précipitations locales, les débits des fleuves guyanais ou de l’Amazone. Sans oublier les indicateurs climatiques à grande échelle tels que la Southern Ocillation Index (SOI) et la Northern Oscillation Index (NOI) (Santamaría-del-Ángel et al. 2011 ; Aragon-Noriega et Alcántara-Razo 2005 ; Parsons et Lear 2001 ; Serge Garcia et Le Reste 1981 ; S. Garcia 1988 ; Saoud et Davis 2003 ; Rivierre 2007 ; Leal-Gaxiola et al. 2001 ; Li et Clarke 2005 ; Lee 2004 ; Ouellet, Savard, et Larouche 2007). Facteurs trophiques La crevette étant l’une des proies préférées des poissons de Guyane, nous avons avancé dans le premier volume l’hypothèse d’un impact trophique suite à la pression de la pêche au vivaneau. De l’autre coté du réseau trophique, il reste à explorer la piste des changements dans l’abondance phytoplanctonique, qui constitue l’essentiel de l’alimentation des larves de crevette. Un changement significatif dans leur source de nourriture pourrait avoir des conséquences dans leur recrutement. Il en va de même pour l’évolution de la mangrove en biomasse, qui fournit matière organique et refuge pour les larves (Anderson 2000 ; Fuentes-Yaco et al. 2007 ; D. G. Parsons et Colburne 2000 ; Santamaría-Miranda et al. 2005). Les données collectées sont présentées dans la première partie de ce document avec une étude de chaque paramètre et le choix du meilleur indicateur. Dans la deuxième partie nous abordons un premier traitement de ces données afin d’évaluer leur pertinence dans les relations qui peuvent exister avec les valeurs des recrutements de crevettes. Une étude plus exhaustive sera menée dans un prochain volume où seront ajoutés des paramètres tels que les concentrations en chlorophylle, en matières en suspension ou des matières organiques dissoutes. Ce deuxième volume est réalisé dans le cadre du marché ouvert par la Direction des Pêches Maritimes et de l’Agriculture (DPMA) « Marché DPMA 2012-021 », intitulé : Etude portant sur l’effet du changement climatique et/ou du réseau trophique sur le stock guyanais des crevettes pénéïdes. Il constitue le rapport intermédiaire du marché. Dans le troisième volume pourra être abordé l’étude liée au réseau trophique par les analyses des contenus stomacaux des vivaneaux, par les séries de données de biomasse phytoplanctonique (images satellite) et de son paramètre « chlorophylle » et par l’évolution temporelle de la biomasse de la mangrove. La piste de la dérive des oeufs et larves de crevettes depuis les côtes brésiliennes pourra également être explorée si le modèle de courants de surface venait à être opérationnel en 2013. Il permettrait d’avoir des cartes de courants et vitesses de surface permettant de valider l’hypothèse émise dans le volume 1.

Droits : 2013 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00137/24844/22928.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00137/24844/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society, The
Résumé : International audience
Since its original description as a chordate, the Late Devonian Scaumenella mesacanthi has been interpreted alternately as a prochordate, a larval ostracoderm and an immature acanthodian. For the past 30 years, these minute specimens were generally considered as decayed acanthodians, most of them belonging to Triazeugacanthus affinis. Among the abundant material of `Scaumenella', we identified a size series of 188 specimens of Triazeugacanthus based on otolith characteristics. Despite taphonomic alteration, we describe proportional growth and progressive appearance of skeletal elements through size increase. Three ontogenetic stages are identified based on squamation extent, ossification completion and allometric growth. We demonstrate that what has been interpreted previously as various degrees of decomposition corresponds to ontogenetic changes.
ISSN: 1744-9561

hal-01545474
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545474
DOI : 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0950

Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : Metazooplankton abundance, biomass (<80 mu m, 200-500 mu m and >500 mu m) and community structure in the Ahe atoll were studied together with their relationships with environmental factors (temperature, salinity, wind) and trophic factors (phytoplankton, bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) and ciliates) during three periods in 2008-2009. Meroplankton, mainly bivalve and gastropod larvae, was dominant. Holoplankton was dominated by copepods, the main species being Oithona spp., Paracalanus parvus, Clausocalanus spp., Corycaeus spp., Acartia fossae and Undinula vulgaris. The results suggest a clear wind influence on the structure and horizontal distribution of the zooplankton communities. The metazooplankton appeared to be controlled mainly by food resources, suggesting a bottom-up control. The low nanophytoplankton biomass in contrast to the high abundance of picophytoplankton, HNF and nano-particle grazers (mainly Oithona spp., Paracalanus and bivalve larvae) highlighted the importance of the microbial loop in the food web. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Marine Pollution Bulletin (0025-326X) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2012 , Vol. 65 , N. 10-12 , P. 538-548

Droits : 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00101/21207/19419.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.025
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00101/21207/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : The euryhaline white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei lives in both coastal and oceanic areas through ontogeny. Its osmoregulation pattern and variations in its tolerance to salinity are partially known from several studies under different experimental conditions (developmental stages, salinities and acclimation procedures). Although L. vannamei is recognized as one of the most euryhaline penaeid species, with adults and juveniles exhibiting an hyper-hypo-osmoregulatory pattern and being able to tolerate a wide salinity range, little is known on larval and early postlarval strategies to cope with salinity fluctuations. In order to establish their euryhalinity range and to fully understand the ontogenetic changes in L. vannamei osmoregulatory pattern, we evaluated the effect of six salinities (5, 10, 20, 32, 45 and 60 psu) on 17 developmental stages by directly exposing them to experimental salinities and conducting observations during the next 48 hours. At 5 hours post osmotic shock (hps), all developmental stages survived (> 20%) in 20, 32 and 45 psu. The euryhalinity and osmoregulation pattern changed at some developmental stages of L. vannamei. The hyper-hypo osmoregulatory pattern exhibited by Juvenile and Adult appears to be established early in the first post-larval stage PL1 (ontogenetic osmoregulation pattern type 3), with higher tolerance to salinity variations observed in PL2, PL4 and PL22 suggesting that L. vannamei shows a progressive increase in the efficiency of osmoregulatory mechanism following last metamorphosis.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2014-02 , Vol. 422 , P. 261-267

Droits : 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00169/28068/26283.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.11.034
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00169/28068/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.
ISSN: 1553-7366

hal-01546176
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01546176
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002742

Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : Bivalve larvae and hydrographic parameters were sampled over a range of spatio-temporal scales in a deep atoll lagoon. Bivalve larvae abundances were very high throughout the year: 18,550 m(-3) in average. Larvae were (i) concentrated at mid-depth with nocturnal ascent and diurnal descent, (ii) heterogeneously dispersed at the lagoon scale, (iii) subject to day-to-day variation in abundance and (iv) transferred between different parts of the lagoon providing evidence of intra-lagoonal connectivity. The primacy of physical factors was seen on large spatial scale with the diluting effect of water renewal and transfers by hydrodynamics. On smaller spatial scale, the primacy of biological processes was recognised, with larval swimming activity leading to dial vertical migration correlated with food concentration. Variations in larval abundance were driven by bivalve reproductive activity correlated with meteorological conditions (i.e. windy periods). Finally, relationship between bivalve larvae patterns and pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera) settlement structuring is discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Marine Pollution Bulletin (0025-326X) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2012 , Vol. 65 , N. 10-12 , P. 453-462

Droits : 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00101/21200/20690.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.12.028
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00101/21200/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Station Biologique
Résumé : International audience
The embryonic development of Tivela mactroides, from fertilization to straight-hinge veliger D-stage larva occurs in 18 hours at 25°C. Scanning electronic observations show that morphogenetic processes result in a gastrula with two depressions 4 hours after fertilization (T0 + 4h). Two hours later, one depression, located at the animal pole, develops into an open cave, the floor of which becomes the shell field located below the lower face of the prototrochal pad. The invagination located at the vegetal pole features the blastopore. At T0 + 6h, the late gastrula has differentiated into a typical motile trochophore with a shell field synthetizing the organic part of the shell. At T0 + 8h, the shell field, located between the prototroch and the telotroch, appears as a saddle-shaped region with a wrinkled surface extending on both sides of the embryo, establishing bilateral symmetry. At T0 + 12h, the prototroch slides toward the anterior region by outgrowth of the shell material. At T0 + 18h, the prodissoconch I formation is completed and the D-stage larvae possess a calcified shell. At this stage of development, the functional velum is composed of four bands of cilia. Our observations seem to confirm the interpretation of shell differentiation proposed recently by Mouëza et al. (2006) for bivalves even if Transmission Electronic observations will be necessary to validate definitively such a model in the Meretricinae sub-family.
ISSN: 0007-9723

hal-00753022
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00753022

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has emerged as an active mediator in many essential functions in the central nervous system of mammals. BDNF plays significant roles in neurogenesis, neuronal maturation and/or synaptic plasticity and is involved in cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Despite the vast literature present in mammals, studies devoted to BDNF in the brain of other animal models are scarse. Zebrafish is a teleost fish widely known for developmental genetic studies and is emerging as model for translational neuroscience research. In addition, its brain shows many sites of adult neurogenesis allowing higher regenerative properties after traumatic injuries. To add further knowledge on neurotrophic factors in vertebrate brain models, we decided to determine the distribution of bdnf mRNAs in the larval and adult zebrafish brain and to characterize the phenotype of cells expressing bdnf mRNAs by means of double staining studies. Our results showed that bdnf mRNAs were widely expressed in the brain of 7 days old larvae and throughout the whole brain of mature female and male zebrafish. In adults, bdnf mRNAs were mainly observed in the dorsal telencephalon, preoptic area, dorsal thalamus, posterior tuberculum, hypothalamus, synencephalon, optic tectum and medulla oblongata. By combining immunohistochemistry with in situ hybridization, we showed that bdnf mRNAs were never expressed by radial glial cells or proliferating cells. By contrast, bdnf transcripts were expressed in cells with neuronal phenotype in all brain regions investigated. Our results provide the first demonstration that the brain of zebrafish expresses bdnf mRNAs in neurons and open new fields of research on the role of the BDNF factor in brain mechanisms in normal and brain repairs situations.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01359562
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01359562
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0158057
PUBMED : 27336917

Éditeur(s) : Office Int Epizooties
Résumé : The tremendous development of penaeid shrimp culture across the world over the past twenty years has led to international trade in eggs, larvae and spawners of the best shrimp species for aquaculture. Trade has involved, in particular, the following species: - Penaeus japonicus from Japan to Europe, the Pacific Islands and South America - P. monodon from South-East Asia to almost all tropical countries - P. vannamei and P. stylirostris from countries along the Pacific coast of South and Central America to the United States of America, the islands of the South Pacific, countries along the Atlantic coast of the Americas and certain countries in Africa. In the 1980s, research conducted by American and French teams enabled the breeding of stocks of spawners in captivity. This resulted in the establishment of lines of captive broodstock outside natural areas of distribution, and the development of new breeding farms in previously unproductive regions. Trade related to movements of these species is facilitated by the absence of legislation in most countries; even when such legislation does exist, it is not always applied These practices have led to the rapid development of world shrimp production, but have also contributed to the dissemination of pathogens. In recent years, the occurrence of serious epizootics - occasioning heavy losses world-wide - has led to a more cautious approach involving trade of post-larvae obtained from captive broodstock in which thorough control measures have been implemented for known diseases. Trade in wild shrimp will probably be abandoned progressively, to avoid the risk of introducing new pathogens. The main challenges for research in the near future are the development of diagnostic tools, to enable continuous control of captive broodstock, and the selection of strains which are resistant to the principal pathogens affecting these species.
Revue Scientifique Et Technique-office International Des Epizooties (0253-1933) (Office Int Epizooties), 1996-06 , Vol. 15 , N. 2 , P. 499-515

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00091/20231/17883.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00091/20231/

Résumé : Le cycle biologique du priucipal stock de crevettes pénéïdes (Penaeus subtilis) exploité sur le plateau continental guyanais est court (18 mois environ). Les variabilités intra et inter annuelles de l'abondance des individus appartenant aux différentes composantes des premières phases du cycle (larves, post-larves, juvéniles) sont très fortes, ce phénomène étant exacerbé par le double changement de milieu au cours du cycle, passage d'un habitat en eau salée à celui en eau douce puis retour au précédent. La pêcherie de la flottille crevettière guyanaise est ainsi basée sur un stock au renouvellement rapide et variable, aussi l'optimisation de sa gestion implique une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de recrutement des crevettes et notamment de ses variabilités spatio-temporelles, intra et inter annuelles. Ainsi, depuis octobre 1992 une étude est conduite pour analyser ce mécanisme de recrutement Elle s'intègre dans un programme de coopération régionale entre l'IFREMER et le Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Elevage et des Pêches du Surinam financé par des fonds FEDER et du FIC, et elle est menée par l'IFREMER dans la Zone Economique française et le laboratoire du Département des pêches du Surinam sur le plateau surinamien. Ce programme prévoit une série de huit campagues en mer qui seront conduites en parallèle par chacun des deux laboratoires Français et Surinamien sur les plateaux de Guyane (campagues RESUBGUY) et du Surinam (campagnes RESUBSUR) afin d'analyser le phénomène de recrutement sur la plus large échelle possible d'observation (plateau guyano~urinaruien). Deux campagues annuelles ont été programmées pour chaque pays, en mai et en octobre. La périodicité de ces campagues est fonction des résultats des travaux conduits par l'IFREMER et l'ORSTOM sur la phase pré-recrutée de Penaeus subtilis qui ont mis en évidence deux principales périodes annuelles distinctes de recrutement (avril-mai; septembre-octobre). Cette étude n'est pas limitée pas à l'examen des seules captures de crevettes Penaeus subtilis, puisqu'elle inclue également l'analyse de la composition des prises accessoires des crevettiers. Les "by-catches" considérées dans ce travail sont surtout représentées par la crevette "sea-bob", Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, ainsi que par les principales espèces de poissons d'intérêt commercial (ou ayant une forte probabilité de le devenir dans un futur proche). Enfin, une attention particulière a aussi été portée sur les captures accidentelles de tortues marines afin d'en estimer l'importance réelle.

Droits : 1993 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18155/15710.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18155/

Éditeur(s) : Actes de colloques Ifremer, Tahiti, French Polynesia, 20 Feb - 4 Mar 1989, n°9, chap. 43, pp.461-484
Résumé : Species with a very high potential for aquaculture, allowing development projects on a short terms basis: the seabass originating from S.E. Asia. Species, potentially interesting but presenting some drawbacks, as difficulties to perform larval rearing or presenting pathological problem. Species considered as difficult to rear and not retained like Siganus argenteus , Siganidae or Caranx ignobilis , Carangidae. The future development of finfish in Polynesia is emphasized and a project of sea bass netcage culture in Polynesian lagoon is presented.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1474.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1474/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Ecological resilience assessments are an important part of resilience-based management (RBM) and can help prioritize and target management actions. Use of such assessments has been limited due to a lack of clear guidance on the assessment process. This study builds on the latest scientific advances in RBM to provide that guidance from a resilience assessment undertaken in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). We assessed spatial variation in ecological resilience potential at 78 forereef sites near the populated islands of the CNMI: Saipan, Tinian/Aguijan, and Rota. The assessments are based on measuring indicators of resilience processes and are combined with information on anthropogenic stress and larval connectivity. We find great spatial variation in relative resilience potential with many high resilience sites near Saipan (5 of 7) and low resilience sites near Rota (7 of 9). Criteria were developed to identify priority sites for six types of management actions (e.g., conservation, land-based sources of pollution reduction, and fishery management and enforcement) and 51 of the 78 sites met at least one of the sets of criteria. The connectivity simulations developed indicate that Tinian and Aguijan are each roughly 10 × the larvae source that Rota is and twice as frequent a destination. These results may explain the lower relative resilience potential of Rota reefs and indicates that actions in Saipan and Tinian/Aguijan will be important to maintaining supply of larvae. The process we describe for undertaking resilience assessments can be tailored for use in coral reef areas globally and applied to other ecosystems.
ISSN: 0006-3207

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/
hal-01224905
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01224905
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01224905/document
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01224905/file/1-s2.0-S0006320715300926-main.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.09.001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society, The
Résumé : International audience
A 30-year study of temporal changes in gastropod community structure on the reefs of a Pacific Ocean atoll (Fangataufa, Tuamotu Archipelago) subjected to atmospheric nuclear tests during the 1960s offered the opportunity for an otherwise impossible field experiment that could help ecologists understand mollusc primary succession. Reef molluscs were partly or entirely wiped out by the heat of the nuclear tests and the reefs were recolonized by ocean larvae. On all reefs, community composition before the tests was very different from what it evolved to afterwards. A new method of analysis was developed to study the temporal variation in community composition before versus after the tests (temporal beta diversity). Analyses showed that community compositions diverged through time among the reefs. Only some species can survive the harsh conditions of supralittoral zones, so the same species recolonized them; environmental filtering controlled the development of the new communities. In the reef flat and edge zones, differences in community composition seem to be the result of neutral stochastic colonization by larvae coming from the open ocean. All reefs developed a community composition quite different from that before the nuclear tests.
ISSN: 0962-8452

hal-01174175
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01174175
DOI : 10.1098/rspb.2015.0750

Résumé : Different seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) intensiv rearing technics have been experimented in the pilot scale unit of our laboratory. During these upscalfing operation, the results obtained allow us to compare costs related to each fingemng production method. Closed system combined with early weaning with an efficient micropellet saves at least 69 % of direct production costs by comparison with an open system with Arternia during larval phase. However if closed systems are commonly used by private hatcheries, larval micropellets are always at experimental step.
Cet article fait le point sue les coûts de production directs relatifs à différentes méthodes d'élevage intensif du loup (Dicentrarchus labrax). Il s'appuie sur des résultats zootechniques obtenus dans l'unité de démonstration à grande échelle de notre laboratoire. Par rapport à un système de production en circuit ouvert, le recyclage de l'eau permet de diviser par 2.2 les charges directes de production. Si les proies vivantes sont précédemment remplacées par une microparticule efficace, ces charges sont alors divisées par 3.2. Les techniques de recyclage de l'eau ont franchi les portes du laboratoire pour être couramment utilisées par les professionnels, alors que les aliments articifiels convenant au stade larvaire sont toujours au stade expérimental.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-1916.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1916/