Éditeur(s) : GFP : Groupe Français des Pesticides GFP : Groupe Français des Pesticides GFP : Groupe Français des Pesticides
Extrait de : "Protection des cultures et santé environnementale : héritages et conceptions nouvelles" : congrès, le 26 mai 2014. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane
Résumé : Les pouvoirs publics doivent faire face à la pollution des sols et des ressources en eau, par un pesticide organochloré (la chlordécone). La forte rétention de ce pesticide dans les sols volcaniques et la microstructure peu accessible des allophanes conduit au constat qu'il sera difficile de dépolluer les sols par des techniques classiques (chimiques, phytoremédiation ou biodégradation) déjà peu adaptée à cette molécule persistante. Nous proposons donc une alternative à la dépollution : la séquestration des pesticides. L'objectif est de favoriser le piégeage des pesticides dans le sol en incorporant de la matière organique (MO). Les résultats obtenus démontrent l'efficacité du procédé avec des transferts sol/eau et sol/plantes fortement diminués grâce à l'ajout de MO.
Les pouvoirs publics doivent faire face à la pollution des sols et des ressources en eau, par un pesticide organochloré (la chlordécone). La forte rétention de ce pesticide dans les sols volcaniques et la microstructure peu accessible des allophanes conduit au constat qu'il sera difficile de dépolluer les sols par des techniques classiques (chimiques, phytoremédiation ou biodégradation) déjà peu adaptée à cette molécule persistante. Nous proposons donc une alternative à la dépollution : la séquestration des pesticides. L'objectif est de favoriser le piégeage des pesticides dans le sol en incorporant de la matière organique (MO). Les résultats obtenus démontrent l'efficacité du procédé avec des transferts sol/eau et sol/plantes fortement diminués grâce à l'ajout de MO.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V14252
V14252
V14252
V14252

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas
Résumé : Caption title.
"Agricultor: Gregorio Mateo Ramirez."
(Funding) Electronic resources created as part of a prototype UF Institutional Repository and Faculty Papers project by the University of Florida.
Guatemala
Caribbean
Guatemala
Jalapa (Dept.)
Guatemala
Jalapa (Dept.)

ocm7137

Éditeur(s) : Miami University Miami University ( Oxford, Ohio )
The Bahamas

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.
COBAS

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas ( Guatemala C.A )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) Leonzo H. Godinez Lopez.
Cover title.
(Funding) Electronic resources created as part of a prototype UF Institutional Repository and Faculty Papers project by the University of Florida.
Guatemala -- Quetzaltenango
Guatemala
Quezaltenango
Guatemala
Quezaltenango

72809841

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Dietary exposure to pesticide residues may present a risk to public health, especially for sensitive populations such as pregnant women. To characterize this risk, this study assessed chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues based on the French ELFE cohort. A self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) about the last three months of pregnancy filled in by pregnant women in 2011 was used in combination with occurrence data from French Total Diet Studies completed by the results of national monitoring programs on pesticide residues in food. The dietary intake of pesticides (μg/kg of body weight/day) was estimated for 14,099 pregnant women with a complete FFQ, for 317 substances under two occurrence scenarios to handle left-censored data: a lower-bound scenario (LB), where undetected results were set to zero, and an upper-bound scenario (UB), where undetected results were set to the detection limit if the substance was expected to be found in food and zero if it was not. The risk was assessed for 284 substances with a toxicological reference value (TRV) and a good coverage level of the diet potentially contributing to pesticide intake. The cumulative risk was also assessed for seven effects on nervous and thyroid systems using the hazard index and the Cumulative Assessment Groups defined by EFSA. Substances with the highest exposure levels under the LB scenario were, in decreasing order, imazalil, piperonyl butoxide, chlorpropham, thiabendazole, iprodione and propargite. Under the LB scenario, only for lindane did women have a statistically significant probability of exceeding the TRV (2.4%). Under the UB scenario, risk could not be excluded for nine other substances. A better management of left-censored data and more sensitive analyses of the main food contributors might help to refine the UB exposure and risk assessments. A statistically significant cumulative risk was found for neurochemical effects related to high intake levels of three organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos, pirimiphos-methyl and dimethoate) mainly detected in fruits and cereals
ISSN: 0160-4120

hal-01319892
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01319892
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.007
PUBMED : 27187793

Éditeur(s) : University of Florida Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation
Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS
Description : Under tropical and sub-tropical climates, a sustainable development of agriculture is challenging because of the pest pressure with favorable weather conditions. Implementation of appropriate cropping systems including growing cover crops and crop rotation plays a critical role, which can break up the food chain and life cycles of field pests. Some field trials have demonstrated that among all tested summer cover crops, sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L. cv. Tropic sun) can grow vigorously during the rainy summer, cover the land quickly and densely, and it can produce a large quantity of biomass in two to three months. More importantly, sunn hemp can suppress soil root-knot nematodes via releasing some nematicides through its roots and through the decomposition of plant residues. Therefore, growing cover crop â? ? sunn hemp during the crop off season and rotating with valuable vegetable crops in the growing season has become a promising cropping system under the subtropical climate. Such a result may have a potential to be implemented in Caribbean countries to improve the sustainable development of agriculture.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16313
V16313

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Chlordecone is a persistent organochlorine pesticide that was used in the French West Indies until the early 1990s for banana weevil borer control. Human exposure to this chemical in this area still occurs nowadays due to consumption of contaminated food. Although adverse effects on neurodevelopment, including tremors and memory deficits, have been documented in experimental studies conducted with rodents exposed during the gestational and neonatal periods, no study has been conducted yet to determine if chlordecone alters child development. This study examines the relation of gestational and postnatal exposure to chlordecone to infant development at 18 months of age in a birth-cohort of Guadeloupean children. In a prospective longitudinal study conducted in Guadeloupe (Timoun mother-child cohort study), exposure to chlordecone was measured at birth from an umbilical cord blood sample (n=141) and from a breast milk sample collected at 3 months postpartum (n=75). Toddlers were assessed using an adapted version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Higher chlordecone concentrations in cord blood were associated with poorer fine motor scores. When analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls, this effect was only observed among boys. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to chlordecone is associated with specific impairments in fine motor function in boys, and add to the growing evidence that exposure to organochlorine pesticides early in life impairs child development.
ISSN: 0161-813X

hal-00875907
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875907
PUBMED : 23376090
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.01.007

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
STUDY QUESTION: Is prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) associated with variations of sex hormone levels in cord blood? SUMMARY ANSWER: Prenatal exposure to a number of POPs is associated with a disruption of hormone levels in cord blood, with sex specificities. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Epidemiological studies have reported disorders of reproductive health, in relation with POPs exposure during early life and the endocrine disruption properties of these chemicals have been suggested as possible mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A subset of 282 mother-child pairs was selected from the prospective population-based PELAGIE birth cohort (n = 3421, 2002-2006, Brittany, France). Pregnant women were recruited before 19 weeks of gestation and followed until delivery. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Sex hormone levels including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), estradiol (E2), total testosterone (T), free testosterone (fT = T/SHBG) and the aromatase index (AI = T/E2) were measured in 282 cord blood samples. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was measured in male newborns only. Pesticide concentrations of α-endosulfan, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), γ-HCH, dieldrin, pp'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), heptachlor epoxide (HCE), as well as PCBs (congeners 153, 187 and the sum of anti-estrogenic PCBs 118, 138, and 170) and decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE209) were also measured in cord blood. Associations between sex hormones and POPs exposure were explored using multiple linear regressions adjusted for potential confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: High PCB levels were associated with an increase of SHBG (P-trend extless 0.01) and AMH (P-trend extless 0.05) and a decrease of fT (P-trend extless 0.05) and AI (P-trend extless 0.01). High pesticide levels, particularly α-endosulfan and HCE, were associated with an increase of SHBG (P extless 0.05) and E2 (P extless 0.01) and a decrease of fT (P extless 0.05) and AI (P extless 0.01). Several of these associations were stronger, or specific, among male or female newborns. The associations were not altered in the sensitivity analyses. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The study population was of relatively small sample size, and some compounds rarely detected in cord blood. The high level of correlation between POPs makes it difficult to identify the most contributing POPs. Hormone measurements were performed at birth (in cord blood) and may not adequately represent the infant endocrine system. Multiple statistical testing may have led to false-positive associations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our results are in discordance with those reported in the only published study of the kind but in accordance with studies about prenatal exposure to other endocrine disruptors such as phthalates. These findings may help understanding the pathways involved in adverse reproductive outcomes associated with POPs exposure. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: The PELAGIE cohort is funded by Inserm, French Ministry of Health, French Ministry of Labor, InVS, ANR, ANSES, and French Ministry of Ecology. None of the authors has any competing interest to declare
ISSN: 0268-1161

hal-01220641
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01220641
DOI : 10.1093/humrep/dev260
PUBMED : 26493407

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles AREBio Groupe de recherche BIOSPHERES : BIOlogie, Sciences Physiques & Humaines pour les énergies Renouvelables, l
Extrait de : 1er colloque international BIOSPHERES, du 18 au 20 juin 2019. Université des Antilles
Description : Chlordecone is a persistent organochlorine pesticide widely used between 1972 and 1993 in the French West Indies to control the root borer in banana fields. Chlordecone use resulted in long-term pollution of soils, contamination of waters, of aquatic organisms, and of fields. Chlordecone is known to be neurotoxic, to increase prostate cancer, and to have negative effects on cognitive and motor development during infancy. In Guadeloupe, most of the freshwater species living in contaminated rivers exceed the French legal limit of 20 ?g·kg?1 wet weight. In the present study (ANR MACHLOMA), we chose a transcriptomic approach to study the cellular effects of chlordecone in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, an important economical species in Guadeloupe.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V19065
V19065

Éditeur(s) : University of Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico ( Mayaguez, Puerto Rico )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) principal investigator, James S. Beaver ; coinvestigators, George F. Freytag, Rafael Díaz Donaire.
"Project extension proposal submitted to the Bean/Cowpea CRSP by the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, College of Agricultural Sciences, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00708 and the Escuela Agrícola Panamericana, Zamorano, Honduras."
"December, 1984."
Honduras
Honduras
Honduras

646828479
ocn646828479

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The increased use of pesticides has caused concern over the possible direct association of exposure to combinations of these compounds with bee health problems. There is growing proof that bees are regularly exposed to mixtures of agrochemicals, but most research has been focused on managed bees living in farmland, whereas little is known about exposure of wild bees, both in farmland and urban habitats. To determine exposure of wild bumblebees to pesticides in agricultural and urban environments through the season, specimens of five different species were collected from farms and ornamental urban gardens in three sampling periods. Five neonicotinoid insecticides, thirteen fungicides and a pesticide synergist were analysed in each of the specimens collected. In total, 61% of the 150 individuals tested had detectable levels of at least one of the compounds, with boscalid being the most frequently detected (35%), followed by tebuconazole (27%), spiroxamine (19%), carbendazim (11%), epoxiconazole (8%), imidacloprid (7%), metconazole (7%) and thiamethoxam (6%). Quantifiable concentrations ranged from 0.17 to 54.4 ng/g (bee body weight) for individual pesticides. From all the bees where pesticides were detected, the majority (71%) had more than one compound, with a maximum of seven pesticides detected in one specimen. Concentrations and detection frequencies were higher in bees collected from farmland compared to urban sites, and pesticide concentrations decreased through the season. Overall, our results show that wild bumblebees are exposed to multiple pesticides when foraging in agricultural and urban landscapes. Such mixtures are detected in bee tissues not just during the crop flowering period, but also later in the season. Therefore, contact with these combinations of active compounds might be more prolonged in time and widespread in the environment than previously assumed. These findings may help to direct future research and pesticide regulation strategies to promote the conservation of wild bee populations.
ISSN: 0269-7491

hal-01477203
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01477203
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01477203/file/Quantifying%20exposure%20of%20wild%20bumblebees_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.001
PUBMED : 28087090

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas ( Guatemala C.A )
Résumé : (Bibliography) Includes bibliographical references (p. 4).
(Statement of Responsibility) Kasuhiro Yoshii, Rolando Cojulun.
"Junio, 1978."
(Funding) Electronic resources created as part of a prototype UF Institutional Repository and Faculty Papers project by the University of Florida.
Guatemala
Guatemala

71203209

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas, Sector Público Agrícola Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Agrícolas, Sector Público Agrícola ( Guatemala C.A )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) Kazuhiro Yoshii.
"Febrero 1980."
Guatemala
Guatemala

71366214

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas,
Résumé : Caption title.
"Nombre: Pedro Rodriguez."
(Funding) Electronic resources created as part of a prototype UF Institutional Repository and Faculty Papers project by the University of Florida.
Guatemala
Caribbean
Guatemala -- Jalapa (Dept.)
Guatemala -- Jalapa (Dept.)

ocm7137

Éditeur(s) : Sector Pâublico Agropecuario y de Alimentaciâon, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologâia Agrâicolas Sector Pâublico Agropecuario y de Alimentaciâon, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologâia Agrâicolas ( Guatemala C.A )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) Marcio Ibarra M.
Cover title.
"Guatemala, C.A. ; Abril, 1,982."
"Disciplina de Apoyo: Socioeconomâia Rural."
Guatemala -- Zacapa
Guatemala
Zacapa (Dept.)
Guatemala
Zacapa (Dept.)

74279121

Éditeur(s) : University of Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico ( Mayaguez, Puerto Rico )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) principal investigator, James S. Beaver ; coinvestigators, George F. Freytag, Freddy Saladín García.
"Project extension proposal submitted to the Bean/Cowpea CRSP by the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, College of Agricultural Sciences, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00708 and El Departamento de Investigacíon Agropecuaria, Secretaría de Estado de Agricultura, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana."
"December, 1984."
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic

646069645
ocn646069645

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles AREBio Groupe de recherche BIOSPHERES : BIOlogie, Sciences Physiques & Humaines pour les énergies Renouvelables, l
Extrait de : 1er colloque international BIOSPHERES, du 18 au 20 juin 2019. Université des Antilles
Description : La mission essentielle de l'ARS, dans le cadre de la prévention des conséquences de la pollution des sols par la chlordécone en Guadeloupe et en Martinique, consiste à participer à l'action globale de l'Etat pour la réduction de l'exposition des populations à ce pesticide. C'est pourquoi, depuis près de 20 ans un effort particulier a été déployé pour développer les connaissances sur les impacts environnementaux et les effets sur la santé de cette molécule afin de mieux gérer les risques alimentaires liés à la présence de cette molécule dans tous les compartiments de l'environnement. Pour réduire l'exposition des populations l'action de l'Etat s'est d'abord concentrée sur le renforcement des contrôles des denrées alimentaires dans les circuits contrôlés. Les études d'évaluation et la réglementation européenne ont fait évoluer les limites maximales de chlordécone autorisées dans les denrées et conduit à un renforcement des mesures de protection en 2008. Après plusieurs évolutions, un décret récent vient stabiliser les LMR au même niveau qu'en 2008.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V19081
V19081

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
This study investigates if acclimatization to residual pesticide contamination in agricultural soils is reflected in detoxification, antioxidant enzyme activities and energy budget of earthworms. Five fields within a joint agricultural area exhibited different chemical and farming histories from conventional cultivation to organic pasture. Soil multiresidual pesticide analysis revealed up to 9 molecules including atrazine up to 2.4 ng g(-1) dry soil. Exposure history of endogeic Aporrectodea caliginosa and Allolobophora chlorotica modified their responses to pesticides. In the field, activities of soluble glutathione-S-transferases (sGST) and catalase increased with soil pesticide contamination in A. caliginosa. Pesticide stress was reflected in depletion of energy reserves in A. chlorotica. Acute exposure of pre-adapted and naïve A. caliginosa to pesticides (fungicide Opus(®), 0.1 μg active ingredient epoxiconazole g(-1) dry soil, RoundUp Flash(®), 2.5 μg active ingredient glyphosate g(-1) dry soil, and their mixture), revealed that environmental pre-exposure accelerated activation of the detoxification enzyme sGST towards epoxiconazole.
ISSN: 0269-7491

hal-01063923
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063923
DOI : 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.05.001
PUBMED : 24874794

Éditeur(s) : Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agricolas
Résumé : Caption title.
(Funding) Electronic resources created as part of a prototype UF Institutional Repository and Faculty Papers project by the University of Florida.
Guatemala.
Caribbean
Guatemala
Jalapa (Dept.)
Guatemala
Jalapa (Dept.)

ocm7134

Éditeur(s) : GFP : Groupe Français des Pesticides
Extrait de : "Protection des cultures et santé environnementale : héritages et conceptions nouvelles" : congrès, le 26 mai 2014. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane
Description : Avec l'essor de l'utilisation d'insecticide appelés nicotoides, on a constaté un fort taux de mortalité chez les abeilles. L'objectif de cette étude sera de présenter un certain nombre d'expériences sur des drosophiles (apparentées aux mouches mais possédant des caractéristiques en commun avec les abeilles), pour montrer l'effet de ces pesticides sur les insectes, en faisant notamment varier les concentrations.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V14198
V14198