Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20015
T20015

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20025
T20025

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20021
T20021

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20014
T20014

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : In New Caledonia, shrimp hatcheries are confronted with mass mortality in the larval stages, a phenomenon poorly understood as no specific causative agent has been identified. This has resulted in an excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics, although their adverse effects in aquaculture are notorious. The present work was thus aimed at selecting potential probiotic strains for penaeid hatcheries. From a pool of more than 400 marine bacterial isolates sampled from the local marine environment seven strains exhibited in vitro antagonistic activity towards Vibrio harveyi. These isolates were characterized both phenotypically and genotypically using a biochemical approach and 16S rDNA sequencing. Six out of these seven strains were found to belong to the genus Pseudoalteromonas, the last one belonging to the Vibrionaceae family and related to the Harveyi clade. Selected probiotic candidates were individually tested for antagonistic activities in vitro using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled transconjugant of V. harveyi and for inherent pathogenicity towards cultured shrimp larvae at two different developmental stages. This approach enabled rapid processing and selection of candidates to be tested in our experimental hatchery. Four different experiments were conducted to test candidate strains either alone or in combination. Repeated trials showed that postlarval survival was significantly improved by adding the strain NC201 individually to the rearing water compared to unchallenged controls. The analysis of immune-related gene expressions showed that the Litsty PEN3 transcript abundance of larvae was significantly increased after being reared in probiotic-containing water; however no significant difference in lysozyme gene expression was recorded in this study. Together, these results open new insights into the use of these strains as potential substitutes to antibiotherapy in shrimp larval rearing in New Caledonia.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2014-08 , Vol. 432 , P. 475-482

Droits : 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00190/30129/28591.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.04.031
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00190/30129/

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20018
T20018

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20012
T20012

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The emerging orbicular batfish (Platax orbicularis) aquaculture is the most important fish aquacultureindustry in French Polynesia. However, bacterial infections are causing severe mortality episodes.Therefore, there is an urgent need to find an effective management solution. Besides the supplyingdifficulty and high costs of veterinary drugs in French Polynesia, batfish aquaculture takes place close tothe coral reef, where use of synthetic persistent drugs should be restricted. Medicinal plants andbioactive algae are emerging as a cheaper and more sustainable alternative to chemical drugs. We havestudied the effect of local Polynesian plants and the local opportunistic algae Asparagopsis taxiformis onbatfish when orally administered. Weight gain and expression of two immune-related genes (lysozyme ge Lys G and transforming growth factor beta - TGF-b1) were studied to analyze immunostimulant activityof plants on P. orbicularis. Results showed that several plants increased Lys G and TGF-b1 expressionon orbicular batfish after 2 and 3 weeks of oral administration. A. taxiformis was the plant displaying themost promising results, promoting a weight gain of 24% after 3 weeks of oral administration andsignificantly increasing the relative amount of both Lys G and TGF-b1 transcripts in kidney and spleen ofP. orbicularis.
ISSN: 1050-4648

hal-01381334
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01381334
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.011

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Frontiers
Résumé : International audience
Important set of studies have demonstrated the endocrine disrupting activity of Bisphenol A (BPA). The present work aimed at defining estrogenic-like activity of several BPA structural analogs, including BPS, BPF, BPAF, and BPAP, on 4- or 7-day post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larva as an in vivo model. We measured the induction level of the estrogen-sensitive marker cyp19a1b gene (Aromatase B), expressed in the brain, using three different in situ/in vivo strategies: (1) Quantification of cyp19a1b transcripts using RT-qPCR in wild type 7-dpf larva brains exposed to bisphenols; (2) Detection and distribution of cyp19a1b transcripts using in situ hybridization on 7-dpf brain sections (hypothalamus); and (3) Quantification of the cyp19a1b promoter activity in live cyp19a1b-GFP transgenic zebrafish (EASZY assay) at 4-dpf larval stage. These three different experimental approaches demonstrated that BPS, BPF, or BPAF exposure, similarly to BPA, significantly activates the expression of the estrogenic marker in the brain of developing zebrafish. In vitro experiments using both reporter gene assay in a glial cell context and competitive ligand binding assays strongly suggested that up-regulation of cyp19a1b is largely mediated by the zebrafish estrogen nuclear receptor alpha (zfERα). Importantly, and in contrast to other tested bisphenol A analogs, the bisphenol AP (BPAP) did not show estrogenic activity in our model
ISSN: 1662-4548

hal-01299976
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01299976
PUBMED : 27047331
DOI : 10.3389/fnins.2016.00112
PUBMEDCENTRAL : PMC4805609

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA) are formed in cooked meat, poultry and fish but also arise in tobacco smoke and exhaust gases. HAA are potential human carcinogens, which require metabolic activation to exert their genotoxicity. Human tissues can bioactivate HAA to produce reactive intermediates that bind to DNA. HAA DNA adduct formation occurs in human hepatocytes; however, the potential of HAA to form DNA adducts has not been investigated in human T lymphocytes. In this study, we investigated the ability of human T lymphocytes activated with PMA/Ionomycin or CD3/CD28 to express functional CYP1 activity and bioactivate three major HAA: 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), and 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) to form DNA adducts. Adducts were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/multistage scan mass spectrometry. The highest level of DNA adducts occurred for AαC (16 adducts per 109 nucleotides), followed by PhIP (9 adducts per 109 nucleotides). In contrast, DNA adducts formed from MeIQx and the structurally related aromatic amine 4-aminobiphenyl, a known human carcinogen, were below the limit of detection (< 3 adducts per 109 nucleotides). Moreover, we demonstrate that AαC is a potent inducer of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 activity through a transcriptional mechanism involving the AhR pathway. Overall, our results highlight the capacity of activated human T lymphocytes to more efficiently bioactivate AαC to form DNA adducts than other prominent HAA or 4-ABP. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:656-667, 2016.
ISSN: 0893-6692

hal-01400486
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01400486
DOI : 10.1002/em.22059
PUBMED : 27801952

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide hormone, which binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) to regulate a wide variety of biological processes in fish. Despite these prominent physiological roles, no studies have reported the anatomical distribution of preproghrelin transcripts using in situ hybridization in a non-mammalian vertebrate, and its mapping within the different encephalic areas remains unknown. Similarly, no information is available on the possible 24-h variations in the expression of preproghrelin and its receptor in any vertebrate species. The first aim of this study was to investigate the anatomical distribution of ghrelin and GHS-R1a ghrelin receptor subtype in brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish (Carassius auratus) using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Our second aim was to characterize possible daily variations of preproghrelin and ghs-r1 mRNA expression in central and peripheral tissues using real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Results show ghrelin expression and immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract, with the most abundant signal observed in the mucosal epithelium. These are in agreement with previous findings on mucosal cells as the primary synthesizing site of ghrelin in goldfish. Ghrelin receptor was observed mainly in the hypothalamus with low expression in telencephalon, pineal and cerebellum, and in the same gastrointestinal areas as ghrelin. Daily rhythms in mRNA expression were found for preproghrelin and ghs-r1 in hypothalamus and pituitary with the acrophase occurring at nighttime. Preproghrelin, but not ghs-r1a, displayed a similar daily expression rhythm in the gastrointestinal tract with an amplitude 3-fold higher than the rest of tissues. Together, these results described for the first time in fish the mapping of preproghrelin and ghrelin receptor ghs-r1a in brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish, and provide the first evidence for a daily regulation of both genes expression in such locations, suggesting a possible connection between the ghrelinergic and circadian systems in teleosts
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01225511
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01225511
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0141043
PUBMED : 26506093

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Purpose The purpose of this review was to examine the comprehensively accumulated data regarding potential therapeutic aspects of exogenous administration of interleukin 33 (IL-33) or its antagonists in allergic, cancerous, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. Methods A selected review was undertaken of publications that examined the protective and exacerbating effects of IL-33 or its inhibitors in different diseases. Mechanisms of action are summarized to examine the putative role of IL-33 in various diseases. Findings IL-33 promoted antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and vaccine adjuvant functions. However, in TH2-biased respiratory, allergic, parasitic, and inflammatory conditions, IL-33 exhibited disease-sensitizing effects. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 induced protective effects in diseases via recruitment of regulatory T cells; antiviral CD8+ cells, natural killer cells, γδ T cells, and nuocytes; antibacterial and antifungal neutrophils or macrophages; vaccine-associated B/T cells; and inhibition of nuclear factor–κB–mediated gene transcription. In contrast, IL-33 exacerbated the disease process by increasing TH2 cytokines, IgE and eosinophilic immune responses, and inhibition of leukocyte recruitment in various diseases. Implications The protective or exacerbated aspects of use of IL-33 or its inhibitors are dependent on the type of infection or inflammatory condition, duration of disease (acute or chronic), organ involved, cytokine microenvironment, dose or kinetics of IL-33, and genetic predisposition. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 acts at cellular, molecular, and transcriptional levels to mediate pluripotent functions in various diseases and has potential therapeutic value to mitigate the disease process
ISSN: 0149-2918

hal-01295637
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01295637
PUBMED : 26992663
DOI : 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.02.021

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nutrients influence non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Essential fatty acids deficiency promotes various syndromes, including hepatic steatosis, through increased de novo lipogenesis. The mechanisms underlying such increased lipogenic response remain unidentified. METHODS: We used wild type mice and mice lacking Liver X Receptors to perform a nutrigenomic study that aimed at examining the role of these transcription factors. RESULTS: We showed that, in the absence of Liver X Receptors, essential fatty acids deficiency does not promote steatosis. Consistent with this, Liver X Receptors are required for the elevated expression of genes involved in lipogenesis in response to essential fatty acids deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: This work identifies, for the first time, the central role of Liver X Receptors in steatosis induced by essential fatty acids deficiency.
ISSN: 0168-8278

inserm-00872314
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00872314
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.01.006
PUBMED : 23333450

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Monocytes/macrophages (MΦ), considered as plastic cells, can differentiate into either a pro-inflammatory (M1) subtype, also known as a classically activated subtype, or an anti-inflammatory alternatively activated subtype (M2) according to their microenvironment. Phenotypic markers of mouse polarized MΦ have been extensively studied, whereas their human counterparts remain less characterized. The main goal of this study was therefore to carefully characterize phenotypic and genomic markers of primary human MΦ generated from M-CSF-treated blood monocytes and polarized towards M1 or M2 subtype upon the action of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ (for M1) or interleukin (IL)-4 (for M2). Membrane expression of the markers CD80 and CD200R was found to be specific of human M1 and M2 polarized MΦ, respectively, whereas, by contrast, mannose receptor (CD206) expression did not discriminate between M1 and M2. mRNA expression analysis further identified six markers of M1 polarization (IL-12p35, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL5, CCR7 and IDO1), five markers of M2 polarization (TGF-β, CCL14, CCL22, SR-B1 and PPARγ) and transcription factors involved in MΦ polarization. Ability of human M-CSF-generated MΦ to polarize toward M1 or M2 subtype was also associated with enhanced secretion of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-12p40, CXCL10 and IL-10 (for M1) or CCL22 (for M2). Moreover, the comparison of the expression of M1 markers in M-CSF- and GM-CSF-MΦ polarized towards M1 subtype has revealed similarities. In conclusion, we demonstrated that human M-CSF MΦ can polarize toward a M1 type after IFNγ/LPS stimulation. Moreover, the M1 and M2 markers of human polarized MΦ identified in the present study may be useful to better identify human MΦ subtypes, particularly at the tissue level, in order to better understand their respective roles in the development of pathologies.
ISSN: 0008-8749

inserm-00823273
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00823273
DOI : 10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.01.010
PUBMED : 23454681

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
In contrast to mammals that have limited proliferation and neurogenesis capacities, the Xenopus frog exhibit a great potential regarding proliferation and production of new cells in the adult brain. This ability makes Xenopus a useful model for understanding the molecular programs required for adult neurogenesis. Transcriptional factors that control adult neurogenesis in vertebrate species undergoing widespread neurogenesis are unknown. NeuroD1 is a member of the family of proneural genes, which function during embryonic neurogenesis as a potent neuronal differentiation factor. Here, we study in detail the expression of NeuroD1 gene in the juvenile and adult Xenopus brains by in situ hybridization combined with immunodetections for proliferation markers (PCNA, BrdU) or in situ hybridizations for cell type markers (Vimentin, Sox2). We found NeuroD1 gene activity in many brain regions, including olfactory bulbs, pallial regions of cerebral hemispheres, preoptic area, habenula, hypothalamus, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. We also demonstrated by double staining NeuroD1/BrdU experiments, after long post-BrdU administration survival times, that NeuroD1 gene activity was turned on in new born neurons during post-metamorphic neurogenesis. Importantly, we provided evidence that NeuroD1-expressing cells at this brain developmental stage were post-mitotic (PCNA-) cells and not radial glial (Vimentin+) or progenitors (Sox2+) cells.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-00877023
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877023
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877023/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877023/file/The_Neurogenic_Factor-accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0066487

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : [b]Background[/b][br/] [br/] The Amazonian rainforest is predicted to suffer from ongoing environmental changes. Despite the need to evaluate the impact of such changes on tree genetic diversity, we almost entirely lack genomic resources.[br/] [br/] [b]Results[/b][br/] [br/] In this study, we analysed the transcriptome of four tropical tree species (Carapa guianensis, Eperua falcata, Symphonia globulifera and Virola michelii) with contrasting ecological features, belonging to four widespread botanical families (respectively Meliaceae, Fabaceae, Clusiaceae and Myristicaceae). We sequenced cDNA libraries from three organs (leaves, stems, and roots) using 454 pyrosequencing. We have developed an R and bioperl-based bioinformatic procedure for de novo assembly, gene functional annotation and marker discovery. Mismatch identification takes into account single-base quality values as well as the likelihood of false variants as a function of contig depth and number of sequenced chromosomes. Between 17103 (for Symphonia globulifera) and 23390 (for Eperua falcata) contigs were assembled. Organs varied in the numbers of unigenes they apparently express, with higher number in roots. Patterns of gene expression were similar across species, with metabolism of aromatic compounds standing out as an overrepresented gene function. Transcripts corresponding to several gene functions were found to be over- or underrepresented in each organ. We identified between 4434 (for Symphonia globulifera) and 9076 (for Virola surinamensis) well-supported mismatches. The resulting overall mismatch density was comprised between 0.89 (S. globulifera) and 1.05 (V. surinamensis) mismatches/100 bp in variation-containing contigs.[br/] [br/] [b]Conclusion[/b][br/] [br/] The relative representation of gene functions in the four transcriptomes suggests that secondary metabolism may be particularly important in tropical trees. The differential representation of transcripts among tissues suggests differential gene expression, which opens the way to functional studies in these non-model, ecologically important species. We found substantial amounts of mismatches in the four species. These newly identified putative variants are a first step towards acquiring much needed genomic resources for tropical tree species.
ISSN: 1471-2164

hal-01032439
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032439
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032439/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032439/file/art_10-1186_1471-2164-15-238.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2164-15-238

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IOS Press
Résumé : International audience
Cancer is generally conceived as a dedifferentiation process in which quiescent post-mitotic differentiated cells acquire stem-like properties and the capacity to proliferate. This view holds for the initial stages of carcinogenesis but is more questionable for advanced stages when the cells can transdifferentiate into the contractile phenotype associated to migration and metastasis. Singularly from this perspective, the hallmark of the most aggressive cancers would correspond to a genuine differentiation status, even if it is different from the original one. This seeming paradox could help reconciling discrepancies in the literature about the pro-or anti-tumoral functions of candidate molecules involved in cancer and whose actual effects depend on the tumoral grade. These ambiguities which are likely to concern a myriad of molecules and pathways, are illustrated here with the selected examples of chromatin epigenetics and myocardin-related transcription factors, using the human MCF10A and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Self-renewing stem like cells are characterized by a loose chromatin with low levels of the H3K9 trimetylation, but high levels of this mark can also appear in cancer cells acquiring a contractile-type differentiation state associated to metastasis. Similarly, the myocardin-related transcription factor MRTF-A is involved in metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereas this factor is naturally enriched in the quiescent cells which are precisely the most resistant to cancer: cardiomyocytes. These seeming paradoxes reflect the bistable epigenetic landscape of cancer in which dedifferentiated self-renewing and differentiated migrating states are incompatible at the single cell level, though coexisting at the population level. © 2016-IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
ISSN: 0888-6008

hal-01367146
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01367146
DOI : 10.3233/BD-150210
PUBMED : 27177343

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : Recent evolutionary studies clearly indicate that evolution is mainly driven by changes in the complex mechanisms of gene regulation and not solely by polymorphism in protein-encoding genes themselves. After a short description of the cis-regulatory mechanism, we intend in this review to argue that by applying newly available technologies and by merging research areas such as evolutionary and developmental biology, population genetics, ecology and molecular cell biology it is now possible to study evolution in an integrative way. We contend that, by analysing the effects of promoter sequence variation on phenotypic diversity in natural populations, we will soon be able to break the barrier between the study of extant genetic variability and the study of major developmental changes. This will lead to an integrative view of evolution at different scales. Because of their sessile nature and their continuous development, plants must permanently regulate their gene expression to react to their environment, and can, therefore, be considered as a remarkable model for these types of studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
ISSN: 0168-9452

hal-01032399
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032399
DOI : 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.09.009

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has gradually emerged as a regulator of inflammation in the lung and other tissues. AhR may interact with the p65-subunit of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB transcription factors, but reported outcomes of AhR/NF-κB-interactions are conflicting. Some studies suggest that AhR possess pro-inflammatory activities while others suggest that AhR may be anti-inflammatory. The present study explored the impact of AhR and its binding partner AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) on p65-activation and two differentially regulated chemokines, CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL5 (RANTES), in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). RESULTS: Cells were exposed to CXCL8- and CCL5-inducing chemicals, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) respectively, or the synthetic double-stranded RNA analogue, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) which induced both chemokines. Only CXCL8, and not CCL5, appeared to be p65-dependent. Yet, constitutively active unligated AhR suppressed both CXCL8 and CCL5, as shown by siRNA knock-down and the AhR antagonist α-naphthoflavone. Moreover, AhR suppressed activation of p65 by TNF-α and Poly I:C as assessed by luciferase-assay and p65-phosphorylation at serine 536, without affecting basal p65-activity. In contrast, Arnt suppressed only CXCL8, but did not prevent the p65-activation directly. However, Arnt suppressed expression of the NF-κB-subunit RelB which is under transcriptional regulation by p65. Furthermore, AhR-ligands alone at high concentrations induced a moderate CXCL8-response, without affecting CCL5, but suppressed both CXCL8 and CCL5-responses by Poly I:C. CONCLUSION: AhR and Arnt may differentially and independently regulate chemokine-responses induced by both inhaled pollutants and pulmonary infections. Constitutively active, unligated AhR suppressed the activation of p65, while Arnt may possibly interfere with the action of activated p65. Moreover, ligand-activated AhR suppressed CXCL8 and CCL5 responses by other agents, but AhR ligands alone induced CXCL8 responses when given at sufficiently high concentrations, thus underscoring the duality of AhR in regulation of inflammation. We propose that AhR-signaling may be a weak activator of p65-signaling that suppresses p65-activity induced by strong activators of NF-κB, but that its anti-inflammatory properties also are due to interference with additional pathways.
ISSN: 1478-811X

inserm-01085082
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01085082
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01085082/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01085082/file/s12964-014-0048-8.pdf
PUBMED : 25201625

Date de création : 1834-1-1
Extrait de : Etat civil des esclaves de Guyane 1834-1848
Description : Transcription des registres d'état civil des esclaves de Guyane. Les déclarations présentent généralement a minima les informations suivantes : prénom, matricule, origine, catégorisation etho-raciale, habitation, nom du déclarant, nom du propriétaire, dates. L'activité est parfois mentionnée. Les déclarations de naissance renseignent également ces informations concernant les parents (la mère mais également parfois le père, indiquant lorsque ces derniers sont mariés).
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T20027
T20027