Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : In this paper, we investigate the impact of ambient temperature changes on the gravity reading of spring-based relative gravimeters. Controlled heating experiments using two Scintrex CG5 gravimeters allowed us to determine a linear correlation (R2> 0.9) between ambient temperature and gravity variations. The relation is stable and constant for the two CG5 we used: −5 nm/s2/∘C. A linear relation is also seen between gravity and residual sensor temperature variations (R2> 0.75), but contrary to ambient temperature, this relation is neither constant over time nor similar between the two instruments. The linear correction of ambient temperature on the controlled heating time series reduced the standard deviation at least by a factor of 2, to less than 10 nm/s2. The laboratory results allowed for reprocessing the data gathered on a field survey that originally aimed to characterize local hydrological heterogeneities on a karstic area. The correction of two years of monthly CG5 measurements from ambient temperature variations halved the standard deviation (from 62 to 32 nm/s2) and led us to a better hydrological interpretation. Although the origin of this effect is uncertain, we suggest that an imperfect control of the sensor temperature may be involved, as well as a change of the properties of an electronic component.
ISSN: 0949-7714

hal-01526952
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01526952
DOI : 10.1007/s00190-016-0961-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this chapter is to provide a general overview of the main ecological aspects of Anthozoan-Symbiodinium mutualisms in the Mediterranean Sea. There are reports of at least twelve species of symbiotic anthozans in the basin. These anthozoans establish symbiotic relations with Symbiodinium Temperate A and B2 (Symbiodinium psygmophilum), corresponding to the only two species of Symbiodinium described in the region. A synthesis of the trophic and biochemical aspects of the interaction between Symbiodinum and their cnidarian hosts is given to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms that maintain this special association. Finally, current knowledge about the ecological importance of this interaction in engineering species is examined. This review is framed to highlight the ecological importance of this symbiotic relationship in ecosystem construction and maintenance on an enclosed, temperate marine basin.
The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future

ISBN : 978-3-319-31303-0
hal-01546929
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01546929
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-31305-4_24

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
The tribologic properties of graphitized carbon blacks and their fluorinated derivatives are investigated as a function of the fluorination rate. Very low intrinsic friction coefficients are obtained for highly fluorinated compounds. The correlation of the tribologic results and structural investigations of the initial compounds by TEM strongly suggests that the friction mechanisms involve surface effects in the early stage of friction. Long-term tribologic experiments and Raman analyses point out an evolution of the structure and composition of the tribofilms during the friction process leading to similar friction properties of the tribofilms. Wear studies revealed that highly fluorinated derivatives appear less efficient than pristine and weakly fluorinated compounds.
ISSN: 1023-8883

hal-01121785
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121785
DOI : 10.1007/s11249-014-0406-0

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany) Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 1292-3818

hal-01118280
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118280
DOI : 10.1007/s10269-011-1983-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer
Résumé : International audience
In this chapter, the aim is the solving of variational inclusions fo the form 0_in f(x)+F(x), where f is a subanalytic and locally Lipschitz function, F is a set-valued map with closed graph. The methods are developped using the metric regularity of (f+F) or the Aubin property of (f+F)^{-1}, and often lead to a superlinear convergence.
Handbook of optimization, from classical to modern approach

ISBN : 978-3-642-30503-0
hal-00757674
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00757674
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-30504-7-38

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
PURPOSE: Dairy farming is a risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed the prevalence of farming-induced COPD (FI-COPD) using a new screening device, and we analyzed symptoms and occupational risk factors. METHODS: We performed on-site screening study of bronchial obstruction using an electronic mini-spirometer (EMS) on an entire population of dairy farmers (n = 147) from two villages in Brittany, France. Suspected bronchial obstruction (FEV1/FEV6 <0.8) was confirmed with standardized lung function tests (FEV1/FVC ≤0.7). We assessed past medical histories, respiratory symptoms, and occupational tasks of subjects with bronchial obstruction; asthmatics were defined as atopic and/or reversible; smoking-induced COPD patients were defined as non-reversible, non-atopic with smoking histories (≥5 PY); and FI-COPD patients were defined as non-reversible, non-atopic, and non-smokers. RESULTS: Using the EMS, 30.6% (n = 45) of dairy farmers were suspected of bronchial obstruction and underwent standardized spirometry. The FEV1/FEV6 ratio and FEV1/FVC ratio were in good agreement (r² = 0.66, P < 0.0001). The prevalence of confirmed bronchial obstruction was 9.5% (n = 14), which included 4 asthmatics, 3 smoking-induced COPD subjects, and 7 FI-COPD subjects. All the COPD patients were GOLD Stage II, and none were aware of their respiratory disease. Foddering duration was significantly higher in FI-COPD subjects compared with non-obstructive subjects, with 44 versus 17 min/day, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The EMS was a convenient mean of screening for bronchial obstruction, especially in on-site settings, and allowed us to diagnose FI-COPD in a non-spontaneously complaining dairy farmer population. Foddering was considered a significant risk factor.
ISSN: 0340-0131

hal-00872929
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00872929
DOI : 10.1007/s00420-011-0708-6
PUBMED : 21986906

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : 21st International Colloquium on Animal Cytogenetics and Gene Mapping (ICACGM), Naples, ITALY, JUN 07-10, 2014
International audience
o abstract
ISSN: 0967-3849

hal-01544759
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01544759

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer International Publishing
Résumé : International audience
This two-volume book set focuses on the Siberian sturgeon. Acipenser baerii Brandt 1869, one of the 27 “existing” sturgeon species, is a native species of the Siberian catchments, where – as in many other parts of the world – the sturgeon populations are now threatened. Sturgeon farming practices targeting caviar and meat production have been expanding worldwide since the 1990s, and have seen a further increase since the turn of the century. Among the handful of sturgeon species used for significant production, the most dominant is the Siberian sturgeon. Given its peculiar phylogenetic position as a chondrostei and its use as a biological model in e.g. France, the species has also attracted the attention of biologists.
The Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)

ISBN : 978-3-319-61925-5
hal-01563969
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01563969

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany)
Résumé : International audience
*Context: Tree orientation is controlled by asymmetric mechanical stresses set during wood maturation. The magnitude of maturation stress differs between longitudinal and tangential directions, and between normal and tension woods. * Aims: We aimed at evaluating patterns of maturation stress on eucalypt plantation trees and their relation with growth, with a focus on tangential stress evaluation. * Methods: Released maturation strains along longitudinal and tangential directions were measured around the circumference of 29 Eucalyptus nitens trees, including both straight and leaning trees. * Results: Most trees produced asymmetric patterns of longitudinal maturation strain but more than half of the maturation strain variability occurred between trees. Many trees produced high longitudinal tensile stress all around their circumference. High longitudinal tensile stress was not systematically associated with the presence of gelatinous layer. The average magnitude of released longitudinal maturation strain was found negatively correlated to the growth rate. A methodology is proposed to ensure reliable evaluation of released maturation strain in both longitudinal and tangential directions. Tangential strain evaluated with this method was lower than previously reported. * Conclusion: The stress was always tensile along longitudinal direction and compressive along tangential direction, and their respective magnitude was positively correlated. This correlation does not result from a Poisson effect but may be related to the mechanism of maturation stress generation.
Annals of Forest Science

hal-00913611
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00913611
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00913611/document
DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0318-4

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) belongs to the IL-6/IL-12 family of cytokines, associated with different inflammatory diseases and orchestrates its biological activity via common heterodimeric receptor composed of WSX-1 (IL-27Rα) and gp130. The present study was aimed to investigate the regulation of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 chemokines in hepatic cells (human LX-2 cell line derived from normal human stellate cells (HSC), primary human hepatocytes, HSC, and HepG2 cells) and concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver inflammation. We demonstrated that IL-27, but not IL-6, induced/up-regulated CXCR3 ligand genes (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11; out of 26 selected genes) in a STAT1-dependent manner in hepatic cells in vitro both at transcript and protein levels. In ConA-induced T cell-mediated hepatic model, we showed that soluble IL-27/IFNγ was elevated following ConA hepatitis in association with increased CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 expression in the liver. The exogenous IL-27 administration induced CXCR3 ligands in mouse liver at 4 h with any significant effect on recruitment of CXCR3(+) immune cells in the liver. The neutralization of IL-27 during ConA hepatitis differentially modulated (transcript vs protein expression) CXCR3 ligands and IFNγ during ConA-induced hepatitis with down-regulated expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 at transcript level. The IFNγ, complementary regulated the expression of CXCR3 ligands as their up-regulation during ConA hepatitis, was abolished in IFNγ KO mice. In summary, IL-27 up-regulated the CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 chemokine expression in hepatic cells. IL-27 regulated CXCR3 ligand expression in IFNγ-dependent manner during acute hepatitis suggesting a complementary role of IL-27 and IFNγ to moderate liver inflammation via regulation of CXCR3 ligands. KEY MESSAGE: IL-27 up-regulated CXCR3 ligand expression in human hepatic cells in vitro. IL-27 up-regulated CXCR3 ligand expression and secretion in ConA hepatitis in vivo. CXCR3 ligand expression was down-regulated by blocking IL-27 or IFNγ deficiency. IL-27 modulated liver injury by regulation of CXCR3 ligands in IFNγ-dependent manner.
ISSN: 0946-2716

hal-01214006
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01214006
DOI : 10.1007/s00109-015-1319-6
PUBMED : 26199110

Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : Pearl oysters belonging to the genus Pinctada (Bivalvia: Pteriidae) are widely distributed between the Indo-Pacific and western Atlantic. The existence of both widely distributed and more restricted species makes this group a suitable model to study diversification patterns and prevailing modes of speciation. Phylogenies of eight out of the 11 currently recognised Pinctada species using mitochondrial (cox1) and nuclear (18S rRNA) data yielded two monophyletic groups that correspond to shell size and presence/absence of hinge teeth. Character trace of these morphological characters onto the molecular phylogeny revealed a strong correlation. Pinctada margaritifera appears polyphyletic with specimens from Mauritius grouping in a different clade from others of the French Polynesia and Japan. Hence, P. margaritifera might represent a species complex, and specimens from Mauritius could represent a different species. Regarding the putative species complex Pinctada fucata/Pinctada martensii/Pinctada radiata/Pinctada imbricata, our molecular analyses question the taxonomic validity of the morphological characters used to discriminate P. fucata and P. martensii that exhibited the lowest genetic divergence and are most likely conspecific as they clustered together. P. radiata and P. imbricata were recovered as monophyletic. The absence of overlapping distributions between sister lineages and the observed isolation by distance suggests that allopatry is the prevailing speciation mode in Pinctada. Bayesian dating analysis indicated a Miocene origin for the genus, which is consistent with the fossil record. The northward movement of the Australian plate throughout the Miocene played an important role in the diversification process within Pinctada.
Marine Biotechnology (1436-2228) (Springer), 2011-04 , Vol. 13 , N. 2 , P. 181-192

Droits : Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14635/14015.pdf
DOI:10.1007/s10126-010-9278-y
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14635/

Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : The main structural features of the continental margin off West Spitzberg are outlined. Seaward the Atka ridge has acted like a dam for the eastward-flowing sediments and thus helped to build up a large sedimentary basin, narrowing towards the North. Magnetic and seismic data show that the Atka Valley is probably an active accretion rift valley. These results are in good agreement with the last hypothesis on the opening of the Norwegian Sea. During the Pliocene, a tectonic event may have affected Atka ridge and modified the subsequent sedimentation. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
L'étude de plusieurs profils de sismique réflexion, magnétisme et gravimétrie a permis de dégager les grands traits de la structure de la marge continentale à l'ouest du Spitzberg. Cette marge est représentée au niveau du talus continental par un bassin sédimentaire dont la largeur se réduit en allant vers le Nord. Ce bassin est limité à l'Ouest par les premiers contreforts de la dorsale d'Atka qui a joué un rôle de barrage pour les apports sédimentaires. Les données de la sismique réflexion et du magnétisme indiquent que la vallée d'Atka est sans doute une zone actuelle d'expansion. Ces résultats sont en bon accord avec le modèle récent d'ouverture de la mer de Norvège. De plus, la dorsale d'Atka semble avoir subi au pliocène un réajustement ayant modifié les processus sédimentaires au niveau de la marge. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]
Marine Geophysical Researches (Springer), 1975 , Vol. 2 , N. 3 , P. 215-229

Droits : Springer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/publication-5439.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/5439/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany) Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
The hydrogen content of nominally anhydrous minerals is of great interest, because it can influence many physical and mechanical properties of mantle rocks. Moreover, the hydrogen diffusion profiles can be used to constrain timescales related to magma eruptions. Here, we report models of ionic diffusion for trace elements in anisotropic crystals and apply them to hydrogen diffusing out of mantle-derived olivine. We first compare and discuss the characteristics of 1D and 3D models and show that only 3D anisotropic diffusion models can lead to diffusion profiles exhibiting non-equilibrium plateau at the center of the solid along the slowest axis, as measured in natural samples. In a second part, we discuss the differences between hydration and dehydration of olivine for diffusion that is linked to two different atomic sites involved in hydrogen mobility. Finally, we apply our 3D anisotropic model to previous results on mantle-derived olivine from Pali-aike to better characterize diffusion coefficients and their anisotropy that could be relevant for dehydration of olivine. Our results show that dehydration has to be strongly anisotropic, with a fast [100] axis and a significantly slower [001] axis.
ISSN: 0342-1791

hal-01115253
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115253
DOI : 10.1007/s00269-014-0685-x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Chlordecone (Kepone) is an organochlorine insecticide that has been used as insecticide and fungicide. In the French West Indies, Guadeloupe and Martinique, it was intensively applied to banana fields from 1973 to 1993 to control root borers. This pesticide undergoes no significant biotic or abiotic degradation in the environment and is still present in soils where it was applied. It was only in 1999 that health and environmental authorities became aware of the extent of the chlordecone pollution of environmental media, including soils, waterways, and the food chain. Earlier observations and toxicological studies have demonstrated that chlordecone is a reproductive and developmental toxicant, neurotoxic and carcinogenic in rodents, and is an endocrine-disrupting chemical because of its estrogenic properties both in vitro and in vivo. Several surveys have confirmed that the French West Indian population continues to be exposed to this chemical though consumption of contaminated foodstuffs. Here, we report the findings of various epidemiological studies conducted in the French West Indies to assess the impact of environmental exposure to chlordecone on the health of the population.
ISSN: 0944-1344

hal-01150382
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01150382
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01150382/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01150382/file/Chlordecone%20exposure%20and%20adverse%20effects%20in%20French%20West.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s11356-015-4621-5

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0944-1344

hal-01680552
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01680552
DOI : 10.1007/s11356-015-5682-1

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Polarized emittance measurements were acquired for synthetic forsterite, the pure magnesium end member of the olivines group, on the whole infrared spectral range and up to the melting point by using CO2 laser heating. The experimental data, fitted with a semi-quantum dielectric function model, allowed the retrieval of the temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of forsterite both in the opaque and semi-transparent regions. The analysis of the phonon parameters indicates that the lattice dynamics evolve drastically with increasing temperature. The normal modes involving motions of the magnesium cations located in site 1 are the more impacted, and some of them vanish around 1,200 K. The results confirm that the enhancement of the lattice anharmonicity and the increasing mobility of the magnesium cations are closely linked and are at the origin of the anomalies observed in the evolution of the thermophysical properties. This complete set of spectroscopic data may be a step toward a more precise evaluation of the impact of thermal radiation heat transfer inside systems involving forsterite and quantification of their heat budget.
ISSN: 0342-1791

hal-00817079
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00817079
DOI : 10.1007/s00269-013-0570-z

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : Coarse woody debris (CWD, dead wood sections a parts per thousand yen10 cm diameter) represents a large store of carbon in tropical forests; however, estimates of the flux of carbon from CWD in these forests remain poorly constrained. The objective of this study was to resolve the dry/wet season response of respiration in CWD (R (cwd)), and investigate the importance of biotic and abiotic factors for predicting the seasonal change of R (cwd) at the ecosystem level. This study presents a 4-month time series of R (cwd) measurements conducted on 42 dead trees (26 species) at the Paracou Research Station in French Guiana. R (cwd) measurements were repeated 13 times on each CWD sample from July to November 2011, spanning the transition from wet to dry season, and then from dry season to the following wet season. Seasonal drought caused monthly R (cwd) to drop by 20.5 +/- A 5.1% over the wet-dry transition. Changes in woody tissue moisture content explained 41.9% of the measured seasonal variability in R (cwd), but 60% of the seasonal variability in mean forest R (cwd) rates could be modelled using surface soil water content. We estimate that R (cwd) is approximately 5% of annual ecosystem respiration (R (eco)) and that seasonal variations in R (cwd) contribute appreciably to seasonal variations of R (eco), and should be included in functional models simulating the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to current and future climate.
ISSN: 1432-9840

hal-01032431
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032431
DOI : 10.1007/s10021-013-9684-x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany) Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
We have investigated the partitioning of Fe3+ between orthopyroxene (Opx) and garnet (Grt) in well-equilibrated mantle xenoliths using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The samples cover a wide range of P–T conditions (2.1–6.6 GPa, 690–1,412 °C) and geothermal gradients, and are thus representative for Earth’s upper mantle in both on-craton and off-craton continental settings. Garnet has Fe3+/Fetot ratios of 0.03–0.13 and Fe2O3 contents of 0.24–1.00 wt%. Orthopyroxene has, on average, lower Fe3+/Fetot ratios (0.01–0.09) and Fe2O3 contents (0.05–0.63 wt%). In low-pressure, high-temperature samples, however, Opx is systematically richer in Fe2O3 than the coexisting Grt. The Fe3+ Opx/Grt partition coefficient (DOpx/GrtFe3+) shows no obvious relationship with temperature, but increases with decreasing pressure and with increasing NaOpx. The observed Opx/Grt Fe3+ systematics imply that the Opx–Grt Fe–Mg exchange thermometer is not robust against redox changes if total Fe is treated as Fe2+. An approximate evaluation of errors on T estimates due to redox effects predicts negligible deviations for strongly reduced conditions (<65 °C), but potentially large deviations (> to ≫100 °C) for strongly oxidized conditions, especially at very high pressure and when both P and T are calculated by iteration.
ISSN: 0010-7999

hal-01121606
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121606
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-014-1101-8

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer
Résumé : Subduction is a major process that plays a first-order role in the dynamics of the Earth. The sinking of cold lithosphere into the mantle is thought by many authors to be the most important source of energy for plates driving forces. It also deeply modifies the thermal and chemical structure of the mantle, producing arc volcanism and is responsible for the release of most of the seismic energy on Earth. There has been considerable achievements done during the past decades regarding the complex interactions between the various processes acting in subduction zones. This volume contains a collection of contributions that were presented in June 2007 in Montpellier (France) during a conference that gave a state of the art panorama and discussed the perspectives about "Subduction Zone Geodynamics". The papers included in this special volume offer a unique multidisciplinary picture of the recent research on subduction zones geodynamics. They are organized into five main topics: Subduction zone geodynamics, Seismic tomography and anisotropy, Great subduction zone earthquakes, Seismogenic zone characterization, Continental and ridge subduction processes. Each of the 13 papers collected in the present volume is primarily concerned with one of these topics. However, it is important to highlight that papers always treat more than one topic so that all are related lighting on different aspects of the complex and fascinating subduction zones geodynamics.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00808864

ISBN : 978-3-540-87974
hal-00808864
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00808864

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Acquiring information is indisputably energy-consuming and conversely, the availability of information permits greater efficiency. Strangely, the scientific community long remained reluctant to establish a physical equivalence between the abstract notion of information and sensible thermodynamics. However, certain physicists such as Szilard and Brillouin proposed: (i) to give to information the status of a genuine thermodynamic entity (k B T ln2 joules/bit) and (ii) to link the capacity of storing information inferred from correlated systems, to that of indefinitely increasing organization. This positive feedback coupled to the self-templating molecular potential could provide a universal basis for the spontaneous rise of highly organized structures, typified by the emergence of life from a prebiotic chemical soup. Once established, this mechanism ensures the longevity and robustness of life envisioned as a general system, by allowing it to accumulate and optimize microstate-reducing recipes, thereby giving rise to strong nonlinearity, decisional capacity and multistability. Mechanisms possibly involved in priming this cycle are proposed.
ISSN: 0169-6149

inserm-00826658
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00826658
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00826658/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00826658/file/OLEB-2013.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s11084-013-9329-2