Toxicite relative de deux insecticides organo-phosphores l'abate et le fenitrothion Auteur(s) : Maggi, Pierre Éditeur(s) : ISTPM Résumé : The effect of the 2 pesticides most frequently used against mosquitoes was tested on a number of marine organisms. Growth inhibition was tested using Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Gyrosigma spencer (algae). To 0.5 ml of culture inoculum containing similar to 100000 cells in exponential growth phase, 9.5 ml of insecticide in varying concentrations were added and the growth was recorded every 48 hour; LG sub(50) was determined. Muscular activity and filtration rate of Crassostrea angulata were tested. The acute toxicity was tested using 4 species of gastropods, 2 lamellibranchs, 5 crustaceans, 1 coelenterate and 3 fishes; the species used were: Gibbula umbilicalis, Purpura lapillus, Littorina littorea, Patella vulgata, Mytilus edulis, Cardium edule, Artemia salina, Clinabarius misanthropus, Carcinus maenas, Crangon crangon, Palaemonetes varians, Actinia equina, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Pomatoschistus minutus and Anguilla anguilla. The LD sub(50) was determined for each concentration at intervals of 48 hour and 96 hour. It was noted that Abate was distinctly less toxic than Fenitrothion and that the crustaceans were extremely sensitive to Fenitrothion; a marginal security was found to exist in the oysters between the doses used in practice and those used in the test. Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes (0035-2276) (ISTPM), 1973-03 , Vol. 37 , N. 1 , P. 137-144 Droits : Ifremer http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2229.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2229/ | Partager |
Possibilité de développement de la conchyliculture aux Antilles - Acclimatation de l'huitre CRASSOSTREA GIGAS Auteur(s) : Saint-félix, Christian Résumé : Il existe à l'état sauvage deux espèces d'huîtres aux Antilles, Ostrea frons et Crassostrea rhizophorae. Toutes deux se reproduisent tout au long de l'année et constituent en différents endroits des gisements d'importance variable. La première appartient à la catégorie des "plates" et vit dans la zone infralittorale mais sa taille excessivement réduite, 4 cm de diamètre au plus, ne permet pas de l'exploiter. La seconde que l'on range parmi les "creuses", constitue d'importants gisements dans la zone de balancement des marées, principalement au niveau des racines-échasses des palétuviers d'où son nom d'huître de palétuvier. Sa taille, son aspect et son goût font qu'élle est cueillie et consommée depuis longtemps. En 1971, des recherches ont été entreprises par le laboratoire ISTPM de la Martinique en vue de créer une activité ostréicole aux Antilles. Les premières études menées jusqu'en 1975 sur l'huître de palétuvier locale ont permis de constater la médiocrité persistante des résultats des élevages expérimentaux ; ceci a conduit à orienter les travaux sur l'implantation d'espèces étrangères, en commençant par l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas. En 1976 les essais d'acclimatation ont intéressé l'huître plate Ostrea edulis, importée de Bretagne, l'huître de palétuvier Crassostrea rhizophorae provenant de Guyane, ainsi qué les moules Mytilus edulis et Mytilus galloprovincialis. Après avoir rappelé brièvementquelques caractéristiques de l'huître de palétuvier des Antilles,nous décrirons les essais d'élevage réalisés avec ce coquillage local puis ceux effectués avec des espèces étrangères. Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15699/13101.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15699/ | Partager |
Towards the Determination of Mytilus edulis Food Preferences Using the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) Theory Auteur(s) : Picoche, Coralie Le Gendre, Romain Flye-sainte-marie, Jonathan Francoise, Sylvaine Maheux, Frank Simon, Benjamin Gangnery, Aline Éditeur(s) : Public Library Science Résumé : The blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, is a commercially important species, with production based on both fisheries and aquaculture. Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models have been extensively applied to study its energetics but such applications require a deep understanding of its nutrition, from filtration to assimilation. Being filter feeders, mussels show multiple responses to temporal fluctuations in their food and environment, raising questions that can be investigated by modeling. To provide a better insight into mussel–environment interactions, an experiment was conducted in one of the main French growing zones (Utah Beach, Normandy). Mussel growth was monitored monthly for 18 months, with a large number of environmental descriptors measured in parallel. Food proxies such as chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon and phytoplankton were also sampled, in addition to non-nutritious particles. High-frequency physical data recording (e.g., water temperature, immersion duration) completed the habitat description. Measures revealed an increase in dry flesh mass during the first year, followed by a high mass loss, which could not be completely explained by the DEB model using raw external signals. We propose two methods that reconstruct food from shell length and dry flesh mass variations. The former depends on the inversion of the growth equation while the latter is based on iterative simulations. Assemblages of food proxies are then related to reconstructed food input, with a special focus on plankton species. A characteristic contribution is attributed to these sources to estimate nutritional values for mussels. M. edulis shows no preference between most plankton life history traits. Selection is based on the size of the ingested particles, which is modified by the volume and social behavior of plankton species. This finding reveals the importance of diet diversity and both passive and active selections, and confirms the need to adjust DEB models to different populations and sites. Plos One (1932-6203) (Public Library Science), 2014-10 , Vol. 9 , N. 10 , P. 1-13 Droits : 2014 Picoche et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32895/31380.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32895/31381.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32895/31382.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32895/31383.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32895/31384.pdf | Partager |
Rapport d'activité année 1979 du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade Auteur(s) : Heral, Maurice Résumé : Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1979 Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18088/15636.pdf http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18088/ | Partager |