Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Geological Society of London
Résumé : International audience
In Eastern China, the North China Block (NCB) has experienced a complex tectonic evolution during Late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic times. The unconformable sedimentary cover, which ranges in age from Neoproterozoic to Permian, underwent two tectonic episodes in Early Triassic and Cretaceous times. An early north–south compressional phase, D1, characterized by north-verging recumbent folds with east–west-trending axes and top-to-the-north ductile shear zones can be observed in a gabbroic pluton and the Neoproterozoic sedimentary host rocks. The available radiometric ages allow us to interpret this event as an Early Triassic back-thrusting related to the final stage of the collision between the North China and South China Blocks. During the LateMesozoic, an extensional event characterized by (1) half-grabens filled by continental terrigeneous red beds and lava flows, (2) low-angle detachment faults, (3) synkinematic granitic plutons, and (4) metamorphic core complexes is widespread in the Eastern Liaoning Peninsula. This extensional D2 event can be subdivided into a ductile deformation and a brittle deformation, corresponding to different expressions of crustal deformation. In every area studied in the Eastern Liaoning Peninsula, the ductile D2 deformation is characterized by a NW–SE-trending stretching lineation with a top-to-the-NWsense of shear.Mica and amphibole fromthe metamorphic country rocks, granodioritic or monzogranitic plutons and their mylonitized margins yield 40Ar/39Ar ages ranging from 130 to 120 Ma. These dates support fast cooling and exhumation rates coeval with the extensional tectonics. The brittle D2 deformation is responsible for the formation of high-angle normal faults marked by low-temperature cataclasites bounding half-grabens. During the Mesozoic, the tectonic regime of Eastern China experienced a significant inversion from compression to extension. The Eastern Liaoning Peninsula massif provides an example of this geodynamic transition.
ISSN: 2041-4927

hal-00134055
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00134055
DOI : 10.1144/SP280.7

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
The Qinling–Dabie Belt represents the boundary between the North and South China Blocks (NCB, SCB, respectively), where ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks are widespread. A structural study in eastern Qinling and zircon LA ICPMS dating of the migmatite that form the core of the Central Qinling Unit allows us to argue that continental collision occurred in Silurian, before 400 Ma. In the Late Palaeozoic, from Devonian to Permian, the northern margin of SCB experienced a continental rifting. From Late Permian to Middle Triassic, northward continental subduction of SCB is responsible for the development of a high-pressure metamorphism. The age of the UHP metamorphism remains unsettled yet. A two-time genesis, Early Palaeozoic and Early Triassic, is often preferred, but a single Palaeozoic age followed by a Triassic resetting cannot be ruled out.
ISSN: 1631-0713

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
insu-00191534
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00191534
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00191534/document
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00191534/file/Faure-ComptesRendusGeoscience.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.crte.2007.10.007

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The Souttoufide belt is situated between the High-Atlas in the north, the Mauritanides in the south and the West African Craton as well as the Tindouf basin in the east. Thus, this belt is a part of the West African fold belt system which surrounds the West African Craton. Outcrops occur only in three areas, while the rest of the Souttoufide belt is covered by Meso- to Cenozoic sediments. These areas are, from the south to the north, the Adrar Souttouf Massif, the Smara Zemmour area, and the western part of the Anti-Atlas. Because of the continuing processing and numerous publications, the Anti-Atlas cannot be dealt with in detail. Fundamental geological work in both of the other areas was mainly done during the second third of the 20th century, followed by several decades of inactivity. Numerous studies were done in the Adrar Souttouf massif during the last decade, while the Smara-Zemmour area still remains poorly investigated. Most of them were focused on geochronological analyses and geochemistry. Accordingly, the obtained data led to a new interpretation. The Adrar Souttouf is interpreted as a Pan-African belt exhibiting a Neoproterozoic island arc reworked by the Variscan collision between the North American Craton (NAC) and the West African Craton (WAC). The Smara-Zemmour area is considered as the external part of this Variscan belt thrusted onto the Palaeozoic Tindouf basin. The western Anti-Atlas as considered as a Pan-African active margin reworked during the Variscan orogen. Together, these three areas, lead to the hypothesis of a Late Pan-African belt capped by the Early and Middle Palaeozoic covers and then affected by the Middle Carboniferous tectonic event (330 Ma) related to the Pangaean assembly. Correlations with adjacent belts (Mauritanides and Anti-Atlas) are considered.
ISSN: 0899-5362

hal-01382815
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01382815
DOI : 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.04.016

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The Transbaikal region extends over several hundreds of kilometres east of the Baikal Rift System. It is characterized by a number of sub-parallel Mesozoic grabens or half grabens generally filled with late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous clastic sediments interbedded with coal layers (1). Similar basins occur on an even larger area spanning from the Transbaikal region down to Korea implying a large-scale extensional process affecting most of the Amuria plate during the Mesozoic. In the Transbaikal region, the normal faults controlling the edges of the Mesozoic basins are generally superimposed to Palaeozoic ductile shear zones implying a strong localisation of the extensional deformation on inherited structures. Recent studies, associated to our own fieldwork demonstrated that some of the faults were again activated (2), still as extensional faults, during the Tertiary or Quaternary, and that some of them are presently active. The closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk ocean separating the Siberian plate from the Amurian block during the Mesozoic corresponds to a major event in the growth process of the East Asian continent. The oceanic suture zone is situated on the southern edge of the Transbaikal region and its roughly SW-NE direction is parallel to the basins (3). The timing of the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk ocean is still highly debated: while sedimentological and tectonic data suggest that the oceanic closure and the following collision occurred in early Middle Jurassic (4), paleomagnetic studies advocate for a Early Cretaceous collision (5). Furthermore, several other questions remain on the localization, the size and the fate of the relief that most probably formed during the collision between the Amuria block and the Siberian craton. In order to answer those questions we used low temperature thermochronology data associated to tectonic, sedimentology and palinology to investigate the evolution of the Transbaikal grabens from Mesozoic to Present. Tectonic and thermochronology data provide evidences of exhumation and erosion along the eastern edge of the Siberian craton during the Middle Jurassic as well as a potential continuum of deformation between the Mesozoic extension and the initiation of the Baikal Rift System (6). Sedimentology and palinology reveals that the sediments deposited in the Transbaikal basin did not registered large-scale compressive deformation during or after their Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous deposition and that they do not correspond to the dismantling of a strong compressive relief.
Geophysical Research Abstracts
Vienne, Austria

insu-00810487
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00810487

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
The Early Palaeozoic Orogen of SE China consists of three litho-tectonic elements, from top to bottom: a sedimentary Upper Unit, a metamorphic Lower Unit and a gneissic basement. The boundaries between these units are flat lying, south directed, ductile decollements. The lower one is coeval with an amphibolite facies metamorphism (M1). The belt is reworked by migmatite-granite domes, high-temperature metamorphism (M2) and granitic plutons related to post-orogenic crustal melting. We date here the syn-M1 ductile shearing at 453 +/- 7 Ma by U-Th/Pb method on monazite. Previous ages and our new
ISSN: 0954-4879

hal-00420901
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420901
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420901/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420901/file/Faureetal-TerraNova-2009.pdf
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2009.00888.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Geological Society of London
Résumé : International audience
The sediments of the Mauges Unit located in the internal zone provide an opportunity of studying the evolution of relief during Palaeozoic time. U-Pb dating on zircon and 39Ar/40Ar on white mica are used to constrain the age and nature of the sources. The first relief identified is marked by an Early Devonian unconformity interpreted as the opening of a northern back-arc basin. Detrital minerals are first reworked from underlying layers indicating a local supply. Magmatic zircons at c. 400 Ma then record the emergence of a magmatic arc. During the Middle Devonian, the gap in the sedimentary record is attributed to an emersion followed by the disappearance of the relief during the Late Devonian. At the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, the main collision is followed by the onset of a relief. The continental sedimentation in the Ancenis Basin (late Tournaisian-Viséan) is a coarsening-upwards megasequence indicating an increasing and/or approaching relief. The detrital minerals record the progressive exhumation of Variscan metamorphic (mica at c. 350 Ma) and magmatic rocks (zircons at c. 390-340 Ma). The Serpukhovian-Bashkirian sedimentation records the erosion of a proximal metamorphic source (Champtoceaux with micas at c. 350-340 Ma) showing a much shorter drainage system
The Variscan Orogeny: Extent, Timescale and the Formation of the European Crust

ISBN : 978-1-86239-658-6
insu-01016985
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01016985
DOI : 10.1144/SP405.6