The use of pesticides by small-scale farmers in rice production in Discrit Nickerie, Suriname. ; L'utilisation des pesticides par de petitd agriculteurs dans la production de riz dans le secteur nickerie. Auteur(s) : Kesharie, Raghni Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : INRA : Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation University of Suriname Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS Description : The import data from the Ministry of Trade indicates that Suriname has increased pesticides imports over the last five years. According to research evidence, as much as 80% of potential production in various crops including rice would be lost as a result of agricultural pests without crop protection measures. Even though the benefits of chemical pesticides use are clear, negative health and environmental impacts of their use are also evident. In lieu of this information a study was conducted to determine small rice farmers? perceptions on their knowledge of pesticide use, and safety of pesticides in rice production For this investigation a questionnaire was adapted from a pesticide use survey to generate and collect meaningful data on perceptions of small rice farmer?s knowledge and practices related to pesticide use and safety aspects in rice production in Nickerie. The sample population consisted of 200 small rice farmers.?The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics and correlation were used to describe the data. Findings reveal that the rice farmers are male, on the average older than 50 years and have more than 15 years of experience with rice production. Results also reveal that farmers perceive the recommended dosage as too little and therefore increase the dosage. They often mix different types of pesticides and do not use all of their protective equipment while spraying. Based on the results it is recommended to develop pesticide policies to stimulate farmers to practice safe pesticide use in Suriname. Les données d'importation du ministère du commerce indiquent que le Surinam a augmenté des importations de pesticides au cours des cinq dernières années. Selon des preuves de recherches, pas moins de 80% de production potentielle dans diverses cultures comprenant le riz serait perdu en raison des parasites agricoles sans mesures de protection des cultures. Quoique les avantages d'une utilité chimique de pesticides soient clairs, la santé et les impacts sur l'environnement négatifs de leur utilisation est également évident. Au lieu de cette information une étude a été entreprise pour déterminer les perceptions des petits agriculteurs de riz sur leur connaissance d'utilisation de pesticide, et la sécurité des pesticides dans la production de riz. Pour cette enquête un questionnaire a été adapté d'une enquête d'utilisation de pesticide pour se produire et rassembler des données significatives sur des perceptions de la connaissance du petit agriculteur de riz et des pratiques s'est rapporté aux conditions de sécurité d'utiliser-et de pesticide dans la production de riz dans Nickerie. La population témoin s'est composée de 200 petits agriculteurs de riz. Les données rassemblées ont été analysées utilisant SPSS et Microsoft Excel. Des statistiques descriptives et la corrélation ont été employées pour décrire les données. Les résultats indiquent que les agriculteurs de riz sont masculins, les plus vieux que 50 années moyennes et ont plus de 15 ans d'expérience avec la production de riz. Les résultats indiquent également que les agriculteurs perçoivent le dosage recommandé en tant que trop peu et augmentent donc le dosage. Ils souvent mélangent différents types de pesticides et n'utilisent pas tout leur équipement de protection tout en pulvérisant. Basé sur les résultats on lui recommande de développer des politiques de pesticide pour stimuler des agriculteurs pratiquer l'utilisation sûre de pesticide au Surinam. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16248 V16248 | Partager |
How to foster mycorrhiza ? From brakes to levers. ; Comment favoriser la mycorhize ? Des freins aux leviers. Auteur(s) : Chave, Marie Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : INRA : Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS Description : Comment nous pouvons mobiliser la mycorhize afin de contribuer à la protection des plantes dans la production de légumes et de végétaux. Les réseaux des mychorhize contribuent à la protection des plantes et le manque de partage des connaissances est un frein majeur contre la mobilisation de la mychorhize. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16323 V16323 | Partager |
Une issue économique à un problème social : l'insularité à la carte Auteur(s) : Michalon, Thierry Michalon, Thierry Date de création : 2000-11-01 Validité : 2002-00-00 Description : French Overseas Départements are no longer islands as far as their economy is concerned : costs of transatlantic transportation has become too low to provide local productions with sufficient protection. The growth of local unemployment is a threat today for these societies. Producing new goods or services for export seems hardly conceivable for the time being, as french Overseas departments did not find any comparative advantage so far. So, recovering domestic market seems the only way to get jobs. But such a policy would require that would be allowed to raise customs to protect their domestic market : a change for a new status in E.U. law would be necessary, and these ultraperipherical regions would have to be changed into overseas countries and territories. Communication au colloque Le Développement économique et social des Départements français d'Amérique à l'aube du XXIème siècle. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, GEODE, 28-29 novembre Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20 Droits : Version de l'auteur diffusée avec l'aimable autorisation des éditions Karthala Provenance : Université des Antilles et de la Guyane. Service commun de la documentation Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/HASH0100299346894139b808b859 HASH0100299346894139b808b859 | Partager |
"Utilisation et utilité sociale de la recherche". Genre et violence à la Martinique : conférence - débat Auteur(s) : Lefaucheur, Nadine Ozier-Lafontaine, Léoncine Cantacuzène, Roger Merle, Sylvie William, Jean-Claude Caruge, Mickaël Bonheur, Rita Forgeot, Gérard Auteurs secondaires : Daniel, Justin Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Extrait de : Les jeudis de l'Université. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : A l'occasion de la parution du numéro 17 de "Pouvoirs dans la Caraïbe" consacré au "Genre et violences interpersonnelles à la Martinique", les jeudis de l'Université, organisés par le CRPLC (Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe), se sont intéressés à la problématique des violences conjugales en Martinique. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V12181 V12181 | Partager |
Entités infra-étatiques et aide publique au développement : entre coopération internationale décentralisée et intégration régionale en Afrique de l'ouest Auteur(s) : Fialaire, Jacques Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe Extrait de : "Les entités infra-étatiques et les organisations de coopération et d'intégration régionales" : colloque international, les 25 et 26 mars 2013. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : « En Afrique de l'ouest, la notion d' « entités infra-étatiques » peut renvoyer à deux visions du concept de décentralisation : la vision anglo-saxonne et celle des pays de culture administrative française. Le concept de coopération appliquée au développement trouve un espace large d'application, visant à rendre effectif le droit au développement. La figure de la « coopération-intégration », si elle est moins avancée que dans le système communautaire européen, progresse en Afrique, s'appuyant d'une part sur l'approfondissement du système de protection des droits de l'homme lié à l'Union africaine et d'autre part sur la mise en place d'organisations internationales régionales spécialisées. » Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V13140 V13140 | Partager Voir aussi Coopération régionale Coopération transfrontalière Décentralisation Intégration Etat Politique Télécharger |
La protection des milieux marins à la Martinique Auteur(s) : Yvon, Christophe Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe Extrait de : "Gouvernance du développement durable et de la biodiversité" : séminaire, le 26 avril 2013. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : Christophe Yvon effectue un rapide recensement du patrimoine marin martiniquais qui présente des écosystèmes très diversifiés aux fonctionnalités biologiques et physiques multiples. Il effectue par la suite un bref historique de la richesse des fonds marins martiniquais et de leur vulnérabilité. Il expose ensuite les nombreux facteurs de dégradation des milieux littoraux ainsi que leur incidence sur le climat, avant de présenter les outils de protections mis en place en Martinique. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V13225 V13225 | Partager |
Rapport de conclusion Auteur(s) : Narfez, Roger Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : IDOM : Institut de Droit d'Outre-Mer Extrait de : "Exploitation des ressources naturelles et environnement sur le plateau des Guyanes" : journées d'étude, les 29 et 30 avril 2013. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : Dans son rapport de conclusion, Roger Narfez souligne le fait que "la protection de l'environnement doit aller de pair avec le développement économique et social. Un plan à l'échelle du monde doit être élaboré pour la résolution de cette problématique mondiale." Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V13257 V13257 | Partager Voir aussi Ecologie Ecosystème Biodiversité Economie Environnement Ressources naturelles Développement durable Guyane Française ; Télécharger |
Discrimination en raison de l'orientation sexuelle Auteur(s) : Chonville, Nadia Blanchard, Romain Guerard, Mathieu Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : ESPE de Martinique : Ecoles Supérieures du Professorat et de l'Education Extrait de : "Lutte contre les discriminations dans l'éducation" : journée d'étude, le 4 juin 2015. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : La prévention des comportements et discours homophobes en milieu scolaire vise à protéger les personnes non hétéro-normés contre les violences de genre, mais elle participe aussi à la remise en question des stéréotypes de genre spécifiques au contexte martiniquais, chez l'ensemble des individus formés, quelles que soient leur identité et/ou leur orientation sexuelle. En 2015, malgré l'évolution des mentalités et les progrès obtenus dans la reconnaissance des droits des personnes lesbiennes, gays, bisexuelles et transgenres (LGBT), les discriminations subsistent et il demeure toujours difficile d'annoncer ou de vivre librement son homosexualité. Dans ce contexte, KAP Caraïbe s'est fixé un double objectif : l'aide au public LGBT, notamment pour les jeunes qui, lorsqu'ils se découvrent attirés par une personne du même sexe connaissent parfois un mal-être pouvant avoir des conséquences dramatiques et la lutte contre l'homophobie. En articulant protection et prévention, KAP Caraïbe vise ainsi à éviter que ne naissent, ne se reproduisent ou ne se perpétuent des manifestations de mépris, de rejet et/ou de haine envers des personnes homosexuelles ou transgenres. Après une présentation générale de l'association et des raisons qui ont motivé sa création, il sera donc proposé de présenter le bilan des trois années d'exercice de l'association. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V15187 V15187 | Partager |
Entre protection et valorisation : le patrimoine saisi par le droit Auteur(s) : Breton, Jean-Marie Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : CRILLASH : Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires en Lettres, Langues, Arts et Sciences Humaines Extrait de : "Patrimonialisation et développement dans la Caraïbe et les Amériques" : colloque international, du 2 au 4 mars 2011. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane Description : Les juristes ont à leur disposition une protection juridique qui leur permet de normer réguler, valoriser, protéger et sanctionner le patrimoine naturel et culturel. En France, il existe entre autres une loi paysage, le grenelle de l'environnement, le plan local d'urbanisme, les lois sur les parcs naturels... ainsi que plus largement avec la convention Ramsar, les sites naturels de l'Unesco... Outre le patrimoine naturel, le patrimoine culturel est lui aussi protégé, il peut-être tant architectural avec les monuments et bâtiments qu'immatériel avec les traditions, les musiques, les oralités... Le seul levier juridique ne suffit pas, le levier économique et politique sont eux aussi indispensables. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V12007 V12007 | Partager |
The extension of French welfare to overseas departements Auteur(s) : Michalon, Thierry Michalon, Thierry Michalon, Thierry Date de création : 2003-11- Description : Les mécanismes de protection sociale en France et leur extension tardive dans les DOM Communication au séminaire sur La Protection sociale dans la Caraïbe, CRPLC ? CELCAA, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, campus de Schoelcher, 23-24 novembre 2001 Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20 Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits Provenance : Université des Antilles et de la Guyane. Service commun de la documentation Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/HASHe4ed221f9a42f1bb9de9cc HASHe4ed221f9a42f1bb9de9cc | Partager |
Séminaire de l'enfance en Haïti, du 9 au 18 août 1953 Auteur(s) : Haiti -- Département du travail Interamerican Children's Institute Éditeur(s) : [s.n.] [s.n.] ( Port-au-Prince ) Résumé : (Internal Comments) Avec la collaboration de l'Institut interame´ricain pour la protection de l'enfance. (Statement of Responsibility) Avec la collaboration de l'Institut interaméricain pour la protection de l'enfance. Haiti Haiti ADR3919 15292162 000721634 56024603 | Partager |
Rate of biological invasions is lower in coastal marine protected areas Auteur(s) : Ardura, S, Juanes, F Planes, S, Garcia-Vazquez, E. Auteurs secondaires : Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) - Université de la Réunion (UR) - Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF) - Université de Nouvelle Calédonie - Institut d'écologie et environnement Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE) ; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD) - École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Biology, University of Victoria Department of Functional Biology ; University of Oviedo Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group Résumé : International audience Marine biological invasions threaten biodiversity worldwide. Here we explore how Marine Protected areas, by reducing human use of the coast, confer resilience against the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS), using two very different Pacific islands as case studies for developing and testing mathematical models. We quantified NIS vectors and promoters on Vancouver (Canada) and Moorea (French Polynesia) islands, sampled and barcoded NIS, and tested models at different spatial scales with different types of interaction among vectors and between marine protection and NIS frequency. In our results NIS were negatively correlated with the dimension of the protected areas and the intensity of the protection. Small to medium geographical scale protection seemed to be efficient against NIS introductions. The likely benefit of MPAs was by exclusion of aquaculture, principally in Canada. These results emphasize the importance of marine protected areas for biodiversity conservation, and suggest that small or medium protected zones would confer efficient protection against NIS introduction. ISSN: 2045-2322 hal-01381251 https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01381251 https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01381251/document https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01381251/file/rate%20of%20biological%20invasions.pdf DOI : 10.1038/srep33013 | Partager |
Haiti Auteur(s) : Ehrlich, Marko United States -- Agency for International Development. -- Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean. -- Office of Development Resources USAID/Haiti Éditeur(s) : USAID USAID ( Washington, D.C ) Résumé : (Bibliography) Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-114). (Statement of Responsibility) by Marko Ehrlich ... et al.. "Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), Office of Development Resources (DR), and the USAID Mission to Haiti."--p.iii. "USAID contract, USAID--Ehrlich no. 521-0122-C-00-4090-00." "Cooperative agreement, USAID--IIED No. DAN-5517-A-00-2066-00." Haiti Haiti Haiti Haiti 144684303 | Partager |
El Malecón at Havana Bay ; The Bryant Slides Collection ; The Bryant Slides Collection, Cuba Auteur(s) : Unknown ( Photographer ) Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location. The Malecón is a broad street with a public walkway , protected by a seawall which stretches for approximately 5 miles along the coast of Havana Bay. It is located in Havana and runs from the mouth of Havana Harbor in Old Havana to Vedado. Construction of the Malecón began in 1901, during temporary U.S. military rule after Cuba's War of Independence. Cuba -- Caribbean region -- Havana Bay Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu CFM1972_01a Sheet 26: 14 http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01200413/00001 | Partager |
The extension of French welfare to overseas departements Auteur(s) : Michalon, Thierry Résumé : Les mécanismes de protection sociale en France et leur extension tardive dans les DOM Guadeloupe Martinique Guyane Française 20 21 19 Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits recherch:HASHe4ed221f9a42f1bb9de9cc | Partager |
Protocol concerning specially protected areas and wildlife to the Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region Auteur(s) : United States -- Congress. -- Senate. -- Committee on Foreign Relations Éditeur(s) : U.S. G.P.O. U.S. G.P.O. ( Washington, D.C ) Résumé : (Additional Physical Form) Also available via Internet from the GPO Access web site. Addresses as of 1/10/03: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=107c̲ongr̲eports & docid=f:er008.107 (text version), http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=107c̲ongr̲eports & docid=f:er008.107.pdf (PDF version); current access is available via PURLs. Caption title. Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. Shipping list no.: 2002-0299-P. "September 3, 2002." Caribbean Area Caribbean Area Caribbean Area 51281935 ocm51281935 | Partager |
Forum with Parliament Members : Students Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination ; Audio Recordings of the Proceedings Auteur(s) : Caribbean IRN Résumé : From the PNCR, GAP MPs free to vote conscience on gay rights bill
By Johann Earle
Stabroek News
June 11, 2003
The PNCR will allow its members to vote their conscience on the controversial Constitution (Amendment) Act of 2001 which seeks to prevent discrimination against persons on the basis of their sexual orientation and other grounds.
A number of religious organisations are opposed to the passage of the bill because it includes sexual orientation as one of the grounds. They are concerned that it could lead to a legalisation of homosexual relations and demands for recognition of gay marriages among other things.
PNCR Member of Parliament (MP) Vincent Alexander told a forum at the National Library on Saturday, that the Bill did not seek to legalise homosexuality, but to ensure that persons would not be discriminated against based on their sexual preferences.
He was one of two parliamentarians who showed up - the other being PNCR member, Myrna Peterkin.
The forum was organised by Students Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination (SASOD), a group comprising fifteen students from the University of Guyana which was formed about two weeks ago.
Alexander expects the vote on the bill to come up before the National Assembly in a matter of months.
Paul Hardy, Leader of the Guyana Action Party (GAP), told Stabroek News that his party would not be using the so-called parliamentary whip. He added that GAP took a decision that every member should vote according to his or her own conscience. “We have no right to deny the rights of others based on sexual orientation. [The Bill] will guarantee rights to the homosexual.” GAP is in Parliament as part of an alliance with the Working People’s Alliance. GAP/WPA has two MPs.
The bill was met with rejection from some members of the religious community in 2001 and as a result of this, the President did not assent to it.
In a statement on Monday, the Central Islamic Organisa-tion of Guyana (CIOG) said that it stood in firm opposition to the Bill. The CIOG says the general purpose of the bill may be commendable and that the organisation’s objection is not based on a willingness to promote discrimination. Rather, the CIOG said, it was based on the fact that specific legal protection on the basis of sexual orientation without definition or qualification gives tacit legitimacy to practices which are considered criminal in Islam. “It is foreseeable that such a legal nod of approval (subtle as it may be) of these practices may pave the way for greater social (or even legal) acceptability in the future which, from the perspective of all Muslims including those in Guyana, is an undesirable and sinful outcome,” the CIOG statement said.
At Saturday’s event, Muslim teacher Moulana Mohamed Ali Zenjibari spoke of instances of abuse, discrimination and harsh penalties meted out to gay and lesbian persons in countries such as Iran and Saudi Arabia and noted that the Quran did not sanction such punishments for homosexual behaviour.
President of the CIOG, Fazeel Ferouz told Stabroek News that a meeting to discuss a strategy with regards to the bill was planned for tomorrow with various religious groups.
Stabroek News tried to get a comment on the issue from the PPP/C but to no avail.
ROAR leader, Ravi Dev said that his party was now having discussions on the issue. ROAR feels that it is an important question which has to do with morality and should be discussed across the country. He added legislators had to be in tune with their constituents on the issue.
SASOD is lobbying for the legislation through the sensitisation of MPs.
Keimo Benjamin, a law student at UG, gave a presentation based on the jurisprudential aspects of the discussion on sexual orientation. He argued that morality should not be the only guiding principle on which to base the laws. Sexual activities between two consenting male adults in private could not be equated with a violation of a person’s rights, he said, making the point that the thrust of his presentation was not whether homosexuality was wrong, but whether it violated the rights of others. He said that the attitudes of some towards this subject were based on preconceived notions and prejudices. He cited studies to show that the suppression of certain perceived deviant sexual impulses in persons might do more harm than good. One Harvard University study of teens who said they were gay indicated that those teens were three times more likely to commit suicide.
Vidyaratha Kissoon, of Help and Shelter, in his contribution on Saturday, expressed his displeasure at the low turnout at the forum and urged the parliamentarians who showed up to take the message to their colleagues. He noted that because of homophobia, the numerical minority was terrified of speaking out against instances of discrimination. Gays and lesbians in Guyana were subjected to ridicule and abuse, and walk the streets at night not looking for sex necessarily, but for the companionship of persons who empathise with them.
During his presentation, Joel Simpson, another member of SASOD, outlined a number of changes made within national jurisdictions that had international implications. One such crucial change was South Africa’s 1996 adoption of a new constitution, making that country the first in the world to expressly include sexual orientation as a prohibited ground of discrimination. It was the first time a developing country had taken the lead with respect to the rights of sexual minorities.
He also said that according to Douglas Sanders, a Canadian jurist, the rights of homosexual, bisexual or transsexual men and women had never been officially recognised by the United Nations, despite the fact that international laws on the issue began to emerge at the close of the Second World War.
Simpson said that under Article 170 (5), as amended by Section 8 of the Constitution (Amendment) (No. 4) Act 2000, the President is required to assent to any bill which is returned by the National Assembly unaltered after a two-thirds majority within 90 days of its presentation to him. To the parliamentarians present, Simpson stressed that the onus was now on them to adequately represent their constituents which include lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual Guyanese.
http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news301/ns306115.htm
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Vote on sexual orientation should be a matter of conscience - MP Alexander
By Esther Elijah
Guyana Chronicle
June 8, 2003
PEOPLE’S National Congress (PNC/R) Member of Parliament Mr. Vincent Alexander, said the Opposition will vote on “conscience” when the piece of legislation on sexual orientation is again brought before the National Assembly.
“With specific reference to my party, when this Bill gets back to the Parliament in the spirit of the arguments here, we will not use the `whip’. Our party will not say we have to vote for the provision (in the Sexual Orientation Bill). We will allow our members to vote as a matter of conscience,” he told participants gathered in the Conference Room of the National Library.
“We feel this is a matter of conscience. You may end up with a collective position but you have to deal with us individually,” Alexander said at a poorly attended public consultation aimed at gaining support for sexual orientation to be considered a fundamental right in Guyana.
Alexander, one of the main persons who sat on the Constitutional Reform Commission that addressed this controversial clause, said the legislation was not meant to legalise homosexual activities in Guyana.
“It was intended to ensure that persons who have an orientation - a way of thinking - which may or may not lead to a certain activity, to not be discriminated against, in terms of their rights,” he explained.
Alexander noted that very often, discussions on the sexual orientation provision in the Bill have led to seepages into other areas where debates centre on the “right to be homosexual.”
“I am saying the Bill does not comment on that… However, law is peculiar, especially in a Common Law system. Once you venture out and change the law, very often you open other windows which we cannot definitively say exist or does not exist in advance,” he said.
“The fear of some people is that the legislators might say one thing and the Courts will eventually say something else. While some people can’t argue against the law, per say, they will say this has opened a window of opportunity not meant to be opened. So, it is better to stay without a window than open it and then have a possibility of something you didn’t intend to happen - happening sometime in the future.”
Alexander added: “I want to say I’ve found this activity to have been rich from the perspective of the amount of research which was done by student (speakers). Without any comment as to whether I agree with the arguments, I would wish that much more research on other issues be done by students, and that at the University (of Guyana) students would find it convenient to have forums on other issues, with the same depth of research for their own intellectual development.”
Alexander and other Opposition M.P, Lurlene Nestor were the only three Parliamentarians in attendance at the session organised by the recently formed `Students Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination’ (SASOD), a group that has a membership of 15 mostly University of Guyana (UG) students from various faculties.
SASOD was established two weeks ago.
With the exception of members of the press, the consultation only managed to attract 11 persons, a handful of who were SASOD members.
While congratulating the students for an “insightful” presentation, Nestor pointed out that whether or not she chooses to agree with their position is “another issue” and she is entitled to her “own view”.
“The issue of sexual orientation is very `toucheous’ …while we agree with the human rights provisions and all that as a society, we must also revert to our own society. Some of the very critical questions that I would want to ask is whether or not at the society (level) we are ready for that kind of thing,” she remarked.
“We cannot, at (any) time, ignore the religious groups in our society. If we look at statistics going back to 1992 from a survey done by the Bureau of Statistics, we would see that a small section of the Guyanese population might be considered as people who do not subscribe to a religious view. While the laws are not necessarily based on moral values, we must acknowledge the fact that we might want to revert to many of the cases that (concern) laws that protect public morality.”
Nestor told the speakers at the consultation these were some of the issues that they needed to deal with.
She highlighted, too, that what must be examined is the effects of same-sex marriages on society and how this issue must be tackled.
“These are some of the things we should consider and I don’t think you dealt with that in the presentations,” Nestor stated, adding that the issues must be addressed “frontally.”
“Do we think that with the coming to being of this Bill that there might be quite a number of challenges to the Constitution in relation to the same issue of a man marrying a man? What do we do at the society (level)? Do we recognise that?” were the questions directed at the five speakers at the session.
Nestor continued: “There is some argument that says, `Oh the Bill does not promote homosexuality or does not encourage a man to marry (another) man, but if you look at Section (15) that talks about `non-discrimination’ then how can we not, with the passage of this Bill, allow a man not to marry (another) man.”
According to Nestor, matters of this nature constitute some of the “inconsistencies” of the Bill.
On the argument raised by presenters at the session on who determines what is morality, Nestor said in the concept of democracy it is the people who are the determinants based on a “line of thinking.”
She also rebutted on grounds that put the spotlight on teachers who may have been caught “interfering” with their young students and who may subsequently be dismissed from their jobs.
“Could you imagine such a person interfering with a boy below age 10 - and by virtue of the fact that the Bill is there, the judges (in the case) will have to use their discretion in terms of what happens. We will have more Constitutional changes and problems (arising with the passage of the Bill).”
SASOD member and law student, Joel Simpson, in reply, said he doesn’t think any homosexual in Guyana wants to “run into a church and ask that people marry them or anything of that sort.”
At one point likening the church to a “club”, Simpson claimed the church has the right to exclude whomever it wants. He further stated that in accordance with the Constitution, people of the same sex do not currently have the right to marry, and will also not be able to do such an act with the passage of the Bill.
However, Simpson said it is possible that the law, with the passage of the Bill, would have to recognise same-sex domestic partnerships in relation to employment benefits, sharing of properties, etc.
Simpson said he believes there should be a realm of “public” and “private” morality between consenting adults, and implied that the Bill did not fully give “rights” to homosexuals.
But, Nestor interjected: “I am informing you further…that the Sexual Orientation provision has, in fact, in some way recognised the rights of homosexuals and we must accept that.”
Meanwhile, there was no vocal Christian representative(s) at the consultation and apart from the two Opposition representatives none other participant gave comments or directed questions at the presenters.
Other speakers in support of the sexual orientation clause were: Moulana Mohammed Ali Zenjiban, Assistant Director of the International Islamic College; Denuka Radzik from Red Thread, Keimo Benjamin, UG law student and Vidyartha Kissoon from Help & Shelter.
The Sunday Chronicle has been reliably informed that the Georgetown Ministers Fellowship, representing groups of Christian leaders staunchly against sexual orientation as a right in Guyana, have recently prepared a detailed 16-page document outlining issues arising from research to further boost their argument against the inclusion of the clause.
The document is yet to be made public.
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Les instruments internationaux de protection des peuples autochtones Auteur(s) : Sermet, Laurent Année de publication : Loading the player... Éditeur(s) : Université de Guyane MINEA : Migrations, Interculturalité et Education en Amazonie Extrait de : "Populations amérindiennes et droits de la personne humaine" : conférence, le 19 février 2020. Université de Guyane Description : Exposé des instruments internationaux de protection des peuples autochtones. Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21 Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V20104 V20104 | Partager |