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Unraveling the genetic diversity and phylogeny of Leishmania RNA virus 1 strains of infected Leishmania isolates circulating in French Guiana
Auteur(s) : Tirera, Sourakhata Ginouves, Marine Donato, Damien Caballero, Ignacio S. Bouchier, Christiane Lavergne, Anne Bourreau, Eliane Mosnier, Emilie
Auteurs secondaires : Institut Pasteur de la Guyane Française ; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane - Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP) Epidemiologie des Parasitoses Tropicales (EPaT Team) ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon Boston University [Boston] (BU) Génomique (Plate-Forme) ; Institut Pasteur [Paris] Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Département de Virologie ; Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
IntroductionLeishmania RNA virus type 1 (LRV1) is an endosymbiont of some Leishmania (Vianna) species in South America. Presence of LRV1 in parasites exacerbates disease severity in animal models and humans, related to a disproportioned innate immune response, and is correlated with drug treatment failures in humans. Although the virus was identified decades ago, its genomic diversity has been overlooked until now.Methodology/Principles findingsWe subjected LRV1 strains from 19 L. (V.) guyanensis and one L. (V.) braziliensis isolates obtained from cutaneous leishmaniasis samples identified throughout French Guiana with next-generation sequencing and de novo sequence assembly. We generated and analyzed 24 unique LRV1 sequences over their full-length coding regions. Multiple alignment of these new sequences revealed variability (0.5%±23.5%) across the entire sequence except for highly conserved motifs within the 5' untranslated region. Phylogenetic analyses showed that viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis grouped into five distinct clusters. They further showed a species-dependent clustering between viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) braziliensis, confirming a long-term co-evolutionary history. Noteworthy, we identified cases of multiple LRV1 infections in three of the 20 Leishmania isolates.Conclusions/SignificanceHere, we present the first-ever estimate of LRV1 genomic diversity that exists in Leishmania (V.) guyanensis parasites. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analyses of these viruses has shed light on their evolutionary relationships. To our knowledge, this study is also the first to report cases of multiple LRV1 infections in some parasites. Finally, this work has made it possible to develop molecular tools for adequate identification and genotyping of LRV1 strains for diagnostic purposes. Given the suspected worsening role of LRV1 infection in the pathogenesis of human leishmaniasis, these data have a major impact from a clinical viewpoint and for the management of Leishmania-infected patients.
ISSN: 1935-2727

pasteur-01583523
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01583523
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005764
PUBMED : 28715422

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First case of emergence of atovaquone resistance in Plasmodium falciparum during second-line atovaquone-proguanil treatment in South America.
Auteur(s) : Legrand, Eric Demar, Magalie Volney, Béatrice Ekala, Marie-Thérèse Quinternet, Marc Bouchier, Christiane Fandeur, Thierry Rogier, Christophe
Auteurs secondaires : Institut Pasteur de la Guyane Unité de Maladies infectieuses et tropicales-Hygiène hospitalière (EA 3593) ; Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon Immunologie moléculaire des parasites ; Institut Pasteur [Paris] - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Génomique (Plate-Forme) ; Institut Pasteur [Paris] Immunologie parasitaire (TOURS UMR IMMUNOLOGIE PARASIT) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques Unité de Recherche en Biologie et Epidémiologie Parasitaires ; Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Epidémiologie des parasitoses et mycoses tropicales ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Institut Pasteur [Paris]

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