Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
This study investigated the clinical epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii and characterised the clonal diversity of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) during an ICU-associated outbreak at Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana. All non-duplicate A. baumannii isolates from 2008 to 2014 were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion. Multilocus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and characterisation of carbapenemase-encoding genes were performed on CRAB. Of the 441 A. baumannii isolates, most were from males (54.0%) and were detected mainly from the ICU (30.8%) and medicine wards (21.8%). In the ICU, strains were mainly isolated from the respiratory tract (44.1%) and bloodstream (14.0%), whereas in medicine wards they mainly were from wound/drainage (36.5%) and bloodstream (25.0%). A. baumannii showed the greatest susceptibility to piperacillin/tazobactam (92.7%), imipenem (92.5%), colistin (95.6%) and amikacin (97.2%), being lower in the ICU and medicine wards compared with other wards. An outbreak of OXA-23-producing CRAB occurred in the 13-bed ICU in 2010. CRAB strains were more co-resistant to other antimicrobials compared with non-CRAB. Molecular genetics analysis revealed five sequence types [ST78, ST107 and ST642 and two new STs (ST830 and ST831)]. Analysis of PFGE profiles indicated cross-transmissions of CRAB within the ICU, between the ICU and one medicine ward during transfer of patients, and within that medicine ward. This study provides the first clinical and molecular data of A. baumannii from French Guiana and the Amazon basin. The ICU was the highest risk unit of this nosocomial outbreak of OXA-23-producing CRAB, which could subsequently disseminate within the hospital.
ISSN: 0924-8579

hal-01506828
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01506828
PUBMED : 27236843

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
In French Guiana, the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women along the Maroni river, has risen from 0 to over 1% in the 1990's. Despite this sharp increase, no behavioural surveillance study has ever taken place in this border region. The present study showed that an important proportion of boatmen have risky sexual behaviour. These results underline the importance of targeting prevention interventions on this population that is not currently receiving specific HIV prevention messages.
J AIDS Clinic Res

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
inserm-00915224
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915224
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915224/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915224/file/2012_Gaubert_-_KABP_on_HIV_among_Boatmen_on_the_Maroni_river_a_neglected_bridging_group.pdf
DOI : 10.4172/2155-6113.1000181

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Introduction-objectifsBien que la prise en charge de personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH) s’améliore globalement en Guyane, les disparités régionales et communautaires restent importantes. L’objectif est ici de décrire pour la première fois les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, spatiales et cliniques des PVVIH suivies en zones isolées. Matériels et MéthodesLes données présentées sont issues du suivi clinique réalisé en Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins (CDPS) de janvier 2014 à novembre 2015. Ces données ont été analysées et comparées aux données des PVVIH suivis dans les 3 centres hospitaliers de Guyane issues du logiciel Nadis®.Résultats 174 PVVIH ont étés pris en charge en CDPS et comparés à 2143 patients suivis sur le littoral. L’évolution du taux annuel de découvertes de séropositivité VIH montre une arrivée plus tardive mais particulièrement active en zones isolées par rapport au littoral, notamment chez les patients d’origine brésilienne (p<0,005). L’âge médian est de 43,8 ans, le sex ratio homme/femme est de 0,98. En zone isolées comme sur le littoral 1/3 des PVVIH sont dépistés tardivement (<200 CD4/mm3). Le succès virologiques après 6 mois de traitement est de 80% vs 88% sur le littoral (p=0,135), la moyenne des derniers CD4 (424 vs 569/mm3) est plus basse que sur le littoral (p<0,005) enfin la charge virale moyenne est plus élevée que sur le littoral (8960 vs 5317 copies /mL) (p<0,005). L’histoplasmose est la première cause d’infection opportuniste retrouvée. La répartition spatiale des patients suivis montre une incidence et prévalence de cas particulièrement élevée dans les villes frontalières charnières que constituent Maripasoula et Saint Georges de l’Oyapock. ConclusionLe caractère particulièrement actif et original de l’épidémie et les indicateurs de suivi moins bons que sur le littoral rappellent l’importance de compléter les moyens de la prise en charge des PVVIH en zones isolées en Guyane.
SFLS 2016 - XVIIème Congrès de la Société française de lutte contre le sida
Montpellier, France

inserm-01475954
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475954
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475954/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475954/file/2016%2C%20Mosnier%20-%20Les%20p%C3%A9riph%C3%A9ries%20de%20l%27%C3%A9pid%C3%A9mie%20de%20VIH%20en%20Guyane.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Background: Guadeloupe is the region of France with the second highest prevalence of HIV. Methods: To determine the risk factors for being lost to follow-up (LFU), a retrospective cohort study of 2,732 patients followed between 1988 and 2009 was conducted, and determined which variables were related to being LFU, i.e. permanently disappearing from HIV clinics or coming back after more than one year of missed appointments. Results: The incidence rate for permanent follow-up interruption was 9 per 100 person-years (8.3-9.7 personyears). The median time of LFU was 6.4 years (interquartile range 3-16.9 years). Cox modelling showed that the younger age groups (HR: 1.60[1.30-2.10], p=0.000) and patients diagnosed before 1997 (HR: 4.80[3.50-6.50], p=0.000) were significantly more likely to be permanently LFU. However, patients treated with HAART had a lower risk of being LFU (HR: 0.63[0.51-0.80], p=0.000). Conclusion: These results suggest that some patients may have died. They also allow to quantify the magnitude of a major yet often under-recognized problem and to identify its predictors in the context of Guadeloupe. This could help clinicians improve patient retention.
J AIDS Clin Res

inserm-00915235
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915235
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915235/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00915235/file/2013_Elenga_-_Incidence_and_Risk_Factors_for_Follow-Up_Interruptionsur HIV-Infected_patients_guadeloupe.pdf
DOI : 10.4172/2155-6113.1000238

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Introduction La leptospirose est une zoonose de répartition mondiale avec une incidence en augmentation. Elle représente un problème de santé publique en zone tropicale. L’objectif de notre étude était de faire un état des lieux de la leptospirose en Guyane Française afin d’en améliorer la prise en charge.
17es Journées Nationales d’Infectiologie
Lille, France

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
inserm-01410984
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410984
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410984/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410984/file/2016%2C%20Le%20Turnier%20-%20PADS%202-07.pdf
PUBMED : 27495624

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
Background: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of transaminase elevation during dengue, and its predictive factors. Methods: In 2013, a longitudinal study was performed using data from all cases of dengue seen in Cayenne Hospital. Cox proportional modeling was used. Signs of major transaminase elevation were defined as an increase in aspartate amino transferase (AST) or alanine amino transferase (ALT) concentration over 10 times the normal value (10N). Results: There were 1574 patients and 13 249 person-days of follow-up. The incidence rate for signs of trans-aminase elevation (10N) was 0.55 per 100 person-days. Six patients had major transaminase elevation with AST.1000 units (0.43 per 1000 patient-days), and 73 patients (4.6%) developed transaminase elevation with AST .10N. The variables independently associated with major transaminase elevation were hyponatremia, low platelets, dehydration, hematocrit increase, food intolerance, positive nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), age over 15 years and the notion of paracetamol intake. Conclusions: Although very frequent, the incidence of major transaminase elevation was lower than reported elsewhere perhaps because of good access to care, or of the particular serotype causing this epidemic. The patients with transaminase elevation tended to be older, more severe and taking paracetamol.
ISSN: 0035-9203

inserm-01475594
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475594
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475594/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01475594/file/2016%2C%20Djossou%20-%20Incidence%20and%20predictive%20factors%20of%20transaminase.pdf
DOI : 10.1093/trstmh/trv117

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
La Guyane française, de par sa situation géographique et climatique équatoriale – entraînant uneimmense biodiversité – et le caractère multiculturel et multiethnique de sa population, est le siège d’unlarge panel de pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, dont certaines sont assez mal connues.La fièvre Q, la toxoplasmose, la cryptococcose ou l’infection à VIH sont communes aux pays tempérés,mais présentent ici de grandes spécificités, entraînant une prise en charge et un raisonnement médicalparfois différents. De nombreuses pathologies tropicales sont par ailleurs présentes sur un mode endémiqueet/ou épidémique : paludisme, leishmaniose, maladie de Chagas, histoplasmose, dengue, chikungunya, etc.Des personnes ayant séjourné en Guyane peuvent présenter des problèmes infectieux spécifiques deretour sur le continent européen, et ces pathologies doivent pouvoir être évoquées par l’infectiologue.
La Lettre de l'Infectiologue

inserm-01407150
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407150
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407150/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407150/file/2016%2C%20Epelboin%20-%20L%27infectiologie%20en%20Guyane%20synth%C3%A8se%20med%20trop.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in patients with AIDS is not straightforward because clinicians rely initially on an empiric diagnosis based on clinical and radiographic improvement to specific anti-Toxoplasma gondii therapy. There is therefore a need for biological tools to improve the diagnosis of TE, especially in tropical areas where this diagnosis is likely to be underestimated. The use of PCR testing in blood samples for the diagnosis of TE has been limited by its poor sensitivity in the studies conducted in Europe. In tropical South America, the results of PCR sensitivity in blood samples were controversial. Considering that T. gondii strains from tropical South America have substantial genetic and pathogenic differences with those from USA and Europe, it is therefore important to re-evaluate the performance of the PCR assay in blood samples for the diagnosis of TE in AIDS patients from this region. Our results showed that the only interest of PCR would be in the most severe forms of TE with altered consciousness because PCR is more likely to be positive. We also provided important genotyping data on T. gondii strains isolated in human cases of toxoplasmosis in the Caribbean and in South America.
ISSN: 1935-2727

hal-01503761
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761/document
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761/file/journal.pntd.0004790.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004790

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Masson
Résumé : National audience
Started in 2015 in Brazil, an outbreak linked to a little known arbovirus, Zika virus spread throughout Latin America. This virus, considered until recently as responsible of only mild symptoms, made mention of previously unsuspected complications, with severe neurological manifestations in adults and malformations of the central nervous system, including microcephaly, in newborns of mother infected during the pregnancy. While the continent is more accustomed to the succession of arbovirus epidemics, suspected complications and the many unknowns keys of the latter arriving raise many public health issues. French Guiana, a French territory located in the north-east of the continent, combines both European level of resources and climate and issues specific to the Amazon region and Latin America. We discuss here the issues for 2016 Zika virus epidemic in our region, many of them are generalizable to neighboring countries.
ISSN: 0037-9085

inserm-01422054
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054/file/2016%2C%20Epelboin%20-%20%C3%89pid%C3%A9mie%20de%20virus%20Zika%20en%20Am%C3%A9rique%20latine%20-%20quels%20enjeux%20pour%20la%20Guyane%20%281%29.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s13149-016-0490-5

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
Resistance to artemisinin casts a shadow on the fight against malaria. The importance of illegal gold miners and of malaria in isolated regions of French Guiana constitutes a threat that endangers the fight against malaria in the Amazon. The hurdles of French laws and the remoteness of the territory from France make it impossible for the system to adapt to the problem of total inaccessibility of an important part of the malaria problem. Transmission is high in these areas and gold miners self-medicate with erratic regimens of artemisinin combinations, thus creating perfect conditions for the emergence of resistance. What needs to be done is being done, but within the limits of national law, with some results. However, facing the same difficult problem, Suriname shows more flexibility and is doing much better than French Guiana despite having lower resources. Local authorities in French Guiana cannot overrule the laws that block appropriate malaria care from reaching a third of malaria-exposed persons. Thus the health authorities in France should take immediate calibrated legislative and financial measures to avoid a predictable disaster.
ISSN: 1475-2875

inserm-00838961
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00838961
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00838961/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00838961/file/Nacher_et_al._Malaria_J.pdf
PUBMED : 23641802

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
INTRODUCTION:The frequency, the clinical characteristics, and the prognosis of dengue is highly variable. Dengue fever is associated with a range of neurological manifestations. The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of neurological signs and their predictive factors using data from cases of dengue seen and followed in Cayenne Hospital during the Dengue 2 epidemic in 2013.METHODS:In 2013, a longitudinal study using data from all cases of dengue seen in Cayenne hospital was collected. Medical records used a standardized form to collect demographic information, clinical signs and biological results and the date at which they were present. The analysis used Cox proportional modeling to obtain adjusted Hazard ratios.RESULTS:A total of 1574 patients were included 221 of whom developed central nervous system signs. These signs were spontaneously resolutive. There were 9298person days of follow-up and the overall incidence rate for central nervous system signs was 2.37 per 100 person-days. The variables independently associated with central nervous system anomalies were headache, Adjusted Hazard ratio (AHR) = 1.9(95%CI = 1.4-2.6), bleeding AHR = 2 ((95%CI = 1.3-3.1), P = 0.001, abdominal pain AHR = 1.9 ((95%CI = 1.4-2.6), P<0.001, aches AHR = 2.1 ((95%CI = 1.5-2.9), P<0.001, and fatigue AHR = 1.5 ((95%CI = 1.3-1.7), P<0.001.DISCUSSION:Overall, the present study suggests that neurological signs of dengue are not exceptional even in patients without the most severe features of dengue. These manifestations were spontaneously resolutive. Here it was not possible to distinguish between encephalitis or encephalopathy. Further studies would require more in depth exploration of the patients.
ISSN: 1932-6203

inserm-01421218
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01421218
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01421218/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01421218/file/2016%2C%20Djossou%20-%20Incidence%20and%20Predictive%20Factors%20of%20Central%20Nervous%20System%20Dysfunction%20in%20Patients%20Consulting.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0150828.t003

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD SAGE Publications
Résumé : International audience
: French Guiana is the French territory that is most affected by HIV. AIDS incidence is much higher than in mainland France and sex work seems to be an important driver of the epidemic. The objective of this study was to describe consistent condom use among female sex workers with their clients and their intimate partners and to identify determinants of non-use of condoms. An HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviours and Practices survey was conducted in 2009-2010 among sex workers in French Guiana. A total of 477 sex workers were interviewed. Female sex workers were more likely to use condoms with their clients (97%) than with their intimate partners (45%). The factors associated with non-consistent condom use with the intimate partner were having had an abortion, feeling at risk for HIV, not evaluating one's own risk for HIV, living as a couple, being Dominican, not feeling comfortable asking intimate partners to use condoms. Although a high proportion of female sex workers declared using condoms with commercial partners, there is still room for improvement in the prevention of transmission with both commercial and intimate partners.
ISSN: 0956-4624

inserm-01065111
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01065111
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01065111/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01065111/file/Table_III_IJSA.pdf
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01065111/file/2014_Parriault_-_Predictive_factorssur unprotected_sex_for_female_sex_workers.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Mary Ann Liebert
Résumé : International audience
Little information is available on the molecular epidemiologic profile of HIV-1 in French Guiana, the French department with the highest HIV/AIDS incidence. To follow the evolution of HIV-1 diversity, we carried out a molecular analysis of HIV-1 isolates from 305 treatment-naive patients between 2006 and 2012. Protease and reverse-transcriptase sequences were obtained for subtype characterization, polymorphism analysis, and identification of drug resistance mutations. Of 305 HIV-1 strains, 95.1% were subtype B viruses. The overall prevalence of transmitted drug-resistance mutations (TDRMs) was 4.6% (14/305), ranging from 1.9% to 7.1% depending on the year. This study shows a low level of HIV-1 genetic diversity and a moderate prevalence of TDRMs with no evidence of an increasing trend over the study period. Nevertheless, the strong genetic polymorphism observed on both genes may be of concern for long-term treatment of people living with HIV-1 and thus deserves continuous monitoring.
ISSN: 0889-2229

pasteur-01583613
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01583613
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01583613/document
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01583613/file/2016%20Darcissac%20et%20al.%20ARHR.pdf
DOI : 10.1089/aid.2016.0048

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
IntroductionLeishmania RNA virus type 1 (LRV1) is an endosymbiont of some Leishmania (Vianna) species in South America. Presence of LRV1 in parasites exacerbates disease severity in animal models and humans, related to a disproportioned innate immune response, and is correlated with drug treatment failures in humans. Although the virus was identified decades ago, its genomic diversity has been overlooked until now.Methodology/Principles findingsWe subjected LRV1 strains from 19 L. (V.) guyanensis and one L. (V.) braziliensis isolates obtained from cutaneous leishmaniasis samples identified throughout French Guiana with next-generation sequencing and de novo sequence assembly. We generated and analyzed 24 unique LRV1 sequences over their full-length coding regions. Multiple alignment of these new sequences revealed variability (0.5%±23.5%) across the entire sequence except for highly conserved motifs within the 5' untranslated region. Phylogenetic analyses showed that viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis grouped into five distinct clusters. They further showed a species-dependent clustering between viral genomes of L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) braziliensis, confirming a long-term co-evolutionary history. Noteworthy, we identified cases of multiple LRV1 infections in three of the 20 Leishmania isolates.Conclusions/SignificanceHere, we present the first-ever estimate of LRV1 genomic diversity that exists in Leishmania (V.) guyanensis parasites. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analyses of these viruses has shed light on their evolutionary relationships. To our knowledge, this study is also the first to report cases of multiple LRV1 infections in some parasites. Finally, this work has made it possible to develop molecular tools for adequate identification and genotyping of LRV1 strains for diagnostic purposes. Given the suspected worsening role of LRV1 infection in the pathogenesis of human leishmaniasis, these data have a major impact from a clinical viewpoint and for the management of Leishmania-infected patients.
ISSN: 1935-2727

pasteur-01583523
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01583523
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005764
PUBMED : 28715422

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Saint-Maurice (Val de Marne) : Institut de veille sanitaire
Résumé : National audience
Introduction – Le nombre d’accès palustres diminue globalement en Guyane, alors que les orpailleurs travaillantsur les sites illégaux semblent particulièrement touchés par cette pathologie. Les objectifs de cette étudeétaient de déterminer la prévalence du paludisme dans cette population, les comportements associés ainsi quele niveau de résistance des parasites vis-à-vis des dérivés de l’artémisinine.Matériel et méthodes – Les inclusions ont eu lieu sur les sites de repli fréquentés par les orpailleurs le long dufleuve Maroni. Ont été effectués : un test de diagnostic rapide du paludisme, un questionnaire, un prélèvementsanguin pour PCR et un génotypage du gène pfK13 pour les PCR positives à Plasmodium falciparum.Résultats – De janvier à juin 2015, 421 orpailleurs ont été inclus, majoritairement des hommes (70,6%) brésiliens(93,8%). La prévalence du portage de plasmodies déterminée par PCR était en moyenne de 22,3%(IC95%: [18,3-26,3]), à 84% asymptomatiques. Les espèces identifiées étaient principalement P. falciparum(47,9%) puis P. vivax (37,2%), plus 10,6% de co-infections. Lors du dernier accès palustre, 52,4% des orpailleursavaient eu recours à l’automédication, majoritairement avec des dérivés de l’artémisinine (93,8%) avecune mauvaise observance (37,8%). L’analyse du gène pfK13 n’a pas mis en évidence de mutations associéesà la résistance à P. falciparumDiscussion – La prévalence élevée de porteurs asymptomatiques de plasmodies constitue un réservoir importantde transmission dans la région. L’utilisation massive de dérivés de l’artémisinine associée à une mauvaise observancedes traitements sont des facteurs de risque d’émergence de résistance imposant des mesures rapides
ISSN: 0245-7466

inserm-01491193
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01491193
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01491193/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01491193/file/2017%2C%20Douine%20-%20Paludisme%20et%20orpaillage%20ill%C3%A9gal%20en%20Guyane.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND:In French Guiana, a French overseas territory in South America, 6 to 10 thousands undocumented persons work illegally in gold mining sites in the Amazonian forest. Precarious life conditions lead to poor health but few data exist on the health status of illegal gold miners in French Guiana. The objective of this article was to describe the sociodemographic and health status of this vulnerable population.METHOD:A prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2015 on gold mine supply sites at the border between French Guiana and Suriname. Health status was assessed through medical examination, past medical history, haemoglobin concentration, and HIV and malaria testing. A questionnaire was used to collect data about the migration itinerary and life conditions on mining sites.RESULTS:Among the 421 adults included in the study, 93.8% (395/421) were Brazilian, mainly from Maranhão (55.7%, 220/395), the poorest Brazilian state. The sex ratio was 2.4. Overall, 48% of persons never went to school or beyond the primary level. The median time spent in gold mining was quite long (10 years), with a high turn-over. One third of the surveyed population (37.1%, 156/421) had high blood pressure, and only two had a medical follow-up. Most persons had experienced malaria (89.3%, 376/421). They declared frequent arboviroses and digestive disorders. Active leishmaniasis was observed in 8.3% of gold miners. Among women, 28.5% were anemic. Concerning HIV, 36.6% (154/421) of persons, mainly men, never got tested before and 6 were tested positive, which represented an HIV prevalence of 1.43% (95%CI =0.29-2.5).CONCLUSION:These findings support the hypothesis that mining in remote areas is linked to several specific illnesses. Theoretically, gold miners would be presumed to start their economical migration to French Guiana as a healthy group. However, their strenuous working and living conditions there lead to poor health caused by infectious and non infectious diseases. This description of their health status is precious for health policy planners in French Guiana given the importance of controlling communicable disease, and the severity and range of specific illnesses acquired by this neglected population.TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical trial registration PRS N° NCT02903706 . Retrospectively registered 09/13/2016.
ISSN: 1471-2458

inserm-01566314
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01566314/file/2017%2C%20Douine%20-%20Illegal%20gold%20miners%20in%20French%20Guiana.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62169-1

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
Introduction: Most studies on nematode-malaria interactions were conducted outside of the Americas. The objective of the present study was thus to study the relation between malaria and nematodes in a cohort of children in an Amazonian village. Methods: Odds ratios for intestinal nematode infections as an explanatory variable to malaria resistant vs. malaria sensitive were computed. Results: Ascaris lumbricoides was significantly more frequent in the ‘resistant’ malaria group than in the ‘sensitive’ one. Conclusions: Despite its low statistical power, the present results find that Ascaris was associated with less malaria, as observed by a number of studies.
ISSN: 0142-6338

inserm-01410100
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410100
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410100/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410100/file/worms%20malaria%20camopi%20j%20trop%20pediatrics.pdf
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410100/file/GI%20nematodes%20tab%20aurelia%29.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Masson
Résumé : International audience
In French Guiana, the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer is four times higher than in France and the mortality rate 5.5 times higher. A survival study revealed that stage at diagnosis was the main factor influencing the prognosis, showing that early detection is crucial to increase cervical cancer survival. The present study aimed at evaluating the cervical cancer screening rate between 2006 and 2011 by age and for 3-years period in French Guiana. All pap smears realised in French Guiana were analysed in two laboratories allowing exhaustive review of screening data. The screening rate was estimated at about 54% from 2006 to 2011, with a statistical difference between coastal and rural area (56.3% versus 18.7%).Although the methodological difference did not allow comparisons with mainland France, these results could be used to evaluate the impact of organised cervical cancer screening by the French Guiana Association for Organized Screening of Cancers implemented in French Guiana since 2012.
ISSN: 0037-9085

hal-01260391
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01260391
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01260391/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01260391/file/2015%2C%20Douine%20-%20Servical%20cancer.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Introduction Bien que le nombre de cas de paludisme soit en recul en Guyane des foyers touchant les populations autochtones persistent, particulièrement dans certaines zones isolées et frontalières. Afin d’améliorer les stratégies de contrôledu paludisme dans ces zones, nous avons chercher à mieux connaître les attitudes et pratiques vis à vis du paludisme auprès d’une de ces populations-clés.
17es Journées Nationales d’Infectiologie
Lille, France

inserm-01410981
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410981
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410981/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01410981/file/2016%2C%20Mosnier%20-%20TROP14.pdf
PUBMED : 27495656

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1541 HIV-infected patients to determine variables associated with the incidence of herpes zoster. A single failure Cox model showed that herpes zoster incidence increased following the first 6 months of antiretroviral treatment adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=5 (95%CI=2.6-9.2), P<0.001; in the >60 years age group AHR=2 (95%CI=1-4), P=0.04; in patients in the top CD8 quartile AHR=2.1 (95%CI=1.3-3.6), P<0.001; and in patients previously reported to use crack cocaine AHR=5.9, (95%CI=1.4-25), P=0.02. Herpes zoster incidence increased in patients with CD4 counts<500 per mm(3) and gradually declined since 1992-1996, with AHR=0.3 (95%CI=0.2-0.5), P<0.001 for the 1997-2002 period and AHR=0.24 (95%CI=0.14-0.4), P<0.001 for the 2002-2008 period. Contrary to what has been described elsewhere, there was no specific effect of protease inhibitors on herpes zoster incidence. The present study is the first to suggest that crack cocaine is associated with an increased incidence of herpes zoster. The neurological or immunological effects of crack are discussed.
ISSN: 1932-6203

inserm-00921158
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00921158
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00921158/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00921158/file/2013_Nacher_-_Predictive_factorssur herpes_zoster.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0080187