Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0003-4975

hal-01563338
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01563338
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.03.093
PUBMED : 27262916

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Aims: The aims of this study were to compare short-and long-term outcomes for clinical T2N0 oesophageal cancer with analysis of (i) primary surgery (S) versus neoadjuvant therapy plus surgery (NS), (ii) squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma subsets; and (iii) neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: Data were collected from 30 European centres from 2000 to 2010. Among 2944 included patients, 355 patients (12.1%) had cT2N0 disease; 285 (S) and 70 (NS), were compared in terms of short-and long-term outcomes. Propensity score matching analyses were used to compensate for differences in baseline characteristics.Results: No significant differences between the groups were shown in terms of in hospital morbidity and mortality. Nodal disease was observed in 50% of S-group at the time of surgery, with 20% pN2/N3. Utilisation of neoadjuvant therapy was associated with significant tumour downstaging as reflected by increases in pT0, pN0 and pTNM stage 0 disease, this effect was further enhanced with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After adjustment on propensity score and confounding factors, for all patients and subset analysis of squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, neoadjuvant therapy had no significant effect upon survival or recurrence (overall, loco-regional, distant or mixed) compared to surgery alone. There were no significant differences between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in short-or long-term outcomes.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a surgery alone treatment approach should be recommended as the primary treatment approach for cT2N0 oesophageal cancer despite 50% of patients having nodal disease at the time of surgery.
ISSN: 0959-8049

hal-01666517
https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01666517
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.11.024

Éditeur(s) : Neidine editeurs
Résumé : This article calls back first of all a set of facts relative to the main stakes considering sea and ocean so much on the economic point of view, in the scientific technological and innovative fields, in the governance aspects as also in the culture and international prestige ones. Then the article synthesizes several of the elements of the European study on the blue growth, the established priorities, the results of the study and its recommendations. The case of New Caledonia is then analyzed which shows that considering the 11 economic priorities identified by the European Union, 10 interest or may interest this ultra-marine country. A focus is proposed on a second European study which concerns the implementation of a Blue Society (Sea for Society Project) and in synthesis and perspectives the authors wonder about the possibilities and the profits which New Caledonia could take advantage of the implementation of a maritime and marine strategy based on the principles of blue growth and blue society.
Cet article rappelle tout d’abord un ensemble de faits relatifs aux grands enjeux de la maritimisation tant au plan de l’économie, de la science, de la technologie et de l’innovation, de la gouvernance comme également de la culture et du rayonnement international. Ensuite l’article synthétise plusieurs des éléments de l’étude européenne sur la croissance bleue, les priorités établies, les résultats de l’étude et ses recommandations. Le cas de la Nouvelle-Calédonie est alors abordé qui montre que sur les 11 priorités économiques identifiées par l’Europe, 10 intéressent ou sont susceptible d’intéresser ce pays ultra-marin. Un focus est proposé sur une seconde étude européenne qui concerne la mise en place d’une Société Bleue et en synthèse et perspectives les auteurs s’interrogent sur les possibilités et bénéfices que la Nouvelle-Calédonie pourrait tirer de la mise en place d’une stratégie maritime et marine basée sur les principes de croissance et de société bleues.
Tai Kona (2269-7535) (Neidine editeurs), 2013-11 , N. 5 , P. 12-35

Droits : Tai Kona
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28505/26854.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00174/28505/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
BioEM 2014
Cape Town, South Africa

hal-01115064
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115064

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Congrès de la société Française de radioprotection
Bordeaux, France

hal-01115970
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115970

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
Millimetre waves correspond to the range of frequencies located between 30 and 300 GHz. Many applications exist and are emerging in this band, including wireless telecommunications, imaging and monitoring systems. In addition, some of these frequencies are used in therapy in Eastern Europe, suggesting that interactions with the human body are possible. This review aims to summarise current knowledge on interactions between millimetre waves and living matter. Several representative examples from the scientific literature are presented. Then, possible mechanisms of interactions between millimetre waves and biological systems are discussed.
ISSN: 1631-0705

hal-00874362
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874362
DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2013.02.005

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : The Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokine (DARC) is an erythrocyte receptor for malaria parasites (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi) and for chemokines. In contrast to other chemokine receptors, DARC is a promiscuous receptor that binds chemokines of both CC and CXC classes. The four extracellular domains (ECDs) of DARC are essential for its interaction with chemokines, whilst the first (ECD1) is sufficient for the interaction with malaria erythrocyte-binding protein. In this study, we elaborate and analyze structural models of the DARC. The construction of the 3D models is based on a comparative modeling process and on the use of many procedures to predict transmembrane segments and to detect far homologous proteins with known structures. Threading, ab initio, secondary structure and Protein Blocks approaches are used to build a very large number of models. The conformational exploration of the ECDs is performed with simulated annealing. The second and fourth ECDs are strongly constrained. On the contrary, the ECD1 is highly flexible, but seems composed of three consecutive regions: a small beta-sheet, a linker region and a structured loop. The chosen structural models encompass most of the biochemical features and reflect the known experimental data. They may be used to analyze functional interaction properties.
ISSN: 0006-3002

inserm-00143373
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00143373
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00143373/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00143373/file/de_Brevern_BBA_2005.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.05.016

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
A hallmark of living systems is the management and the storage of information through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Although the notion of epigenetics was originally given to any regulation beyond DNA sequence, it has often been restricted to chromatin modifications, supposed to behave as cis-markers, specifying the sets of genes to be expressed or repressed. This definition does not take into account the initial view of epigenetics, based on nonlinear interaction networks whose "attractors" can remain stable without need for any chromatin mark. In addition, most chromatin modifications are the steady state resultants of highly dynamic modification and de-modification activities and, as such, seem poorly appropriate to work as long-term memory keepers. Instead, the basic support of epigenetic memory could remain the attractors, to which chromatin modifications belong as do many other components. The influence of chromatin modifications in memory is highly questionable when envisioned as static structural marks, but can be recovered under the dynamic circuitry perspective, thanks to their self-templating properties. Beside their standard repressive or permissive functions, chromatin modifications can also influence transcription in multiple ways such as: (1) by randomizing or inversely stabilizing gene expression, (2) by mediating cooperativity between pioneer and secondary transcription factors, and (3) in the hysteresis and the ultrasensitivity of gene expression switches, allowing the cells to take unambiguous transcriptional decisions.
ISSN: 1420-682X

hal-01063617
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063617
DOI : 10.1007/s00018-012-0923-7
PUBMED : 22331281

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Radiofrequency radiations constitute a new form of environmental pollution. Among them, millimeter waves (MMW) will be widely used in the near future for high speed communication systems. This study aimed therefore to evaluate the biocompatibility of MMW at 60 GHz. For this purpose, we used a whole gene expression approach to assess the effect of acute 60 GHz exposure on primary cultures of human keratinocytes. Controls were performed to dissociate the electromagnetic from the thermal effect of MMW. Microarray data were validated by RT-PCR, in order to ensure the reproducibility of the results. MMW exposure at 20 mW/cm2, corresponding to the maximum incident power density authorized for public use (local exposure averaged over 1 cm2), led to an increase of temperature and to a strong modification of keratinocyte gene expression (665 genes differentially expressed). Nevertheless, when temperature is artificially maintained constant, no modification in gene expression was observed after MMW exposure. However, a heat shock control did not mimic exactly the MMW effect, suggesting a slight but specific electromagnetic effect under hyperthermia conditions (34 genes differentially expressed). By RT-PCR, we analyzed the time course of the transcriptomic response and 7 genes have been validated as differentially expressed: ADAMTS6, NOG, IL7R, FADD, JUNB, SNAI2 and HIST1H1A. Our data evidenced a specific electromagnetic effect of MMW, which is associated to the cellular response to hyperthermia. This study raises the question of co-exposures associating radiofrequencies and other environmental sources of cellular stress.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01118066
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118066
PUBMED : 25302706
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0109435
PUBMEDCENTRAL : PMC4193780

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
The extinct Odontopterygiformes are the sole birds known to possess strong and sharp bony pseudoteeth, the shape and location of which are closely mimetic of real teeth. The structure of the pseudoteeth is investigated here in a late Pliocene/early Pleistocene species, Pelagornis mauretanicus, using X-ray microtomography and thin sections. The results are interpreted with regard to the pseudotooth mode of growth, and have implications concerning aspects of Pelagornis ecology. The larger pseudoteeth are hollow and approximately cone-shaped, and the smaller ones are rostro-caudally constricted. The walls of pseudoteeth are composed of bone tissue of the fibro-lamellar type, which is intensively remodeled by Haversian substitution. The jaw bones display the same structure as the pseudoteeth, but their vascular canals are oriented parallel to the long axis of the bones, whereas they are perpendicular to this direction in the pseudoteeth. There is no hiatus or evidence of a fusion between the pseudoteeth and the jaw bones. Two possible models for pseudotooth growth are derived from the histological data. The most plausible model is that pseudotooth growth began after the completion of jaw bone growth, as a simple local protraction of periosteal osteogenic activity. Pseudotooth development thus occurred relatively late during ontogeny. The highly vascularized structure and the relative abundance of parallel-fibered bone tissue in the pseudoteeth suggest poor mechanical capabilities. The pseudoteeth were most likely covered and protected by the hardened, keratinized rhamphotheca in the adult during life. The late development of the pseudoteeth would involve a similarly late and/or partial hardening of the rhamphotheca, as displayed by extant Anseriformes, Apterygiformes and some Charadriiformes. This would add support to the hypothesis of a close phylogenetic relationship between Odontopterygiformes and Anseriformes. The late maturation of the Pelagornis feeding apparatus, and hence the delayed capability for efficient prey catching, suggests that Pelagornis was altricial.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01545486
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545486
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0080372

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Millimeter Waves (MMW) will be used in the next-generation of high-speed wireless technologies, especially in future Ultra-Broadband small cells in 5G cellular networks. Therefore, their biocompatibilities must be evaluated prior to their massive deployment. Using a microarray- based approach, we analyzed modifications to the whole genome of a human keratinocyte model that was exposed at 60.4 GHz-MMW at an incident power density (IPD) of 20 mW/cm2 for 3 hours in athermic conditions. No keratinocyte transcriptome modifications were observed. We tested the effects of MMWs on cell metabolism by co-treating MMW-exposed cells with a glycolysis inhibitor, 2-deoxyglucose (2dG, 20 mM for 3 hours), and whole genome expression was evaluated along with the ATP content.We found that the 2dG treatment decreased the cellular ATP content and induced a high modification in the transcriptome (632 coding genes). The affected genes were associated with transcriptional repression, cellular communication and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. The MMW/ 2dG co-treatment did not alter the keratinocyte ATP content, but it did slightly alter the transcriptome, which reflected the capacity of MMWto interfere with the bioenergetic stress response. The RT-PCR-based validation confirmed 6 MMW-sensitive genes (SOCS3, SPRY2, TRIB1, FAM46A, CSRNP1 and PPP1R15A) during the 2dG treatment. These 6 genes encoded transcription factors or inhibitors of cytokine pathways, which raised questions regarding the potential impact of long-term or chronic MMW exposure on metabolically stressed cells. © 2016 Soubere Mahamoud et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01367149
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01367149
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0160810
PUBMED : 27529420

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Poster
International audience
BEMS 2013
Thessalonique, Greece

hal-00926890
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00926890

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Les ondes millimétriques correspondent à la gamme des fréquences comprises entre 30 et 300 GHz. De nombreuses applications existent et émergent actuellement dans ce domaine, notamment en télécommunications, imagerie et surveillance. De plus, certaines de ces fréquences sont utilisées en thérapie en Europe de lʼEst, ce qui suggère que des interactions avec lʼorganisme sont possibles. Cette revue vise à résumer lʼétat des connaissances actuelles sur les interactions ondes millimétriques/matière vivante. Plusieurs exemples représentatifs de la littérature scientifique sont présentés. Enfin, les différents mécanismes potentiellement impliqués dans les effets biologiques des ondes millimétriques seront discutés
Comptes Rendus Physique

hal-00877136
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877136
DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2013.02.005

Résumé : Le tome 2 de l‘étude de « définition des réseaux de surveillance de la qualité des masses d’eau côtières de l’île de Mayotte », présente sous forme cartographique les données bancarisées sous format MapInfo. Seules les études intéressantes vis à vis de la DCE et disponibles ont été référencées et prises en compte dans cet exercice (cf. références bibliographique du tome 2). Ce premier exercice de bancarisation, ne se veut pas exhaustif, et devra faire l’objet d’entretiens, d’ajouts réguliers.

Droits : 2010 Ifremer, BRGM, ARVAM, PARETO
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14622/11901.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14622/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01114575
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01114575

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Société Géologique de France
Résumé : Xenoliths brought up by kimberlite magmas are rare samples of otherwise inaccessible lithospheric mantle. Eclogite xenoliths are found in most cratons and commonly show a range of mineral and chemical compositions that can be used to better understand craton formation. This study focuses on five new kyanite-bearing eclogites from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe (367±5 Ma). They are fine-to coarse-grained and consist mainly of “cloudy” clinopyroxene (cpx) and garnet (grt). The clinopyroxene is Al,Na-rich omphacite while the garnet is Ca-rich, by contrast to typical bi-mineral (cpx+grt) eclogites that contain Fe- and Mg-rich garnets. The Udachnaya kyanite eclogites are similar in modal and major element composition to those from other cratons (Dharwar, Kaapvaal, Slave, West African). The kyanite eclogites have lower REE concentrations than bi-mineral eclogites and typically contain omphacites with positive Eu and Sr anomalies, i.e. a “ghost plagioclase signature”. Because such a signature can only be preserved in nonmetasomatised samples, we infer that they were present in the protoliths of the eclogites. It follows that subducted oceanic crust is present at the base of the Siberian craton. Similar compositions and textures are also seen in kyanite eclogites from other cratons, which we view as evidence for an Archean, subduction-like formation mechanism related to craton accretion. Thus, contrary to previous work that classifies all kyanite eclogites as type I (IK), metasomatized by carbonatite/kimberlitic fluids, we argue that some of them, both from this work and those from other cratons, belong to the non-metasomatized type II (IIB). The pristine type IIB is the nearest in composition to protoliths of mantle eclogites because it contains no metasomatic enrichments.
ISSN: 0037-9409

hal-01622617
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01622617
DOI : 10.1051/bsgf/2017008

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Comptes rendus de la Physique, sous presse

hal-00923999
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00923999

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVES: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) remains a major concern in patients with haematological conditions. We describe diagnoses, therapeutic management and outcomes in unselected consecutive patients from haematological facilities treated for suspected or documented IFD. METHODS: In this observational prospective study, children/adults with haematological conditions or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were recruited upon start of non-prophylactic systemic antifungal treatment in 37 French haematological facilities (December 2007 to December 2008). IFD episodes were classified according to the 2008 EORTC/MSG criteria. RESULTS: The cohort included 419 patients (298 adults and 121 children): 88% haematological malignancies, 28% HSCT recipients and 68% neutropenic. Patients had 423 IFD episodes: 21% mycologically documented (59% probable/proven aspergillosis, 32% proven candidiasis and 9% probable/proven other IFD) and 20% classified as possible IFD. The remaining cases were assigned to two groups: febrile neutropenia (34%) and unclassified (25%), 9% of which were classified as possible/probable/proven IFD by day 7. Treatment was thus initiated early in 59% of patients; liposomal amphotericin B and caspofungin were the most common single-agent therapies. The 12 week mortality was 18% for probable/proven aspergillosis, 15% for proven candidiasis, 10% for probable/proven other IFD, 9% for possible IFD, 3% for febrile neutropenia and 12% for unclassified episodes (log rank P = 0.016); it was dependent on age, complete remission of underlying haematological disease and mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: In this comprehensive sample of haematological patients receiving antifungal treatment, we observe a widespread resort to early therapy and a low mortality rate, including in patients with probable or proven IFD.
ISSN: 0305-7453

hal-00874741
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874741
DOI : 10.1093/jac/dks266
PUBMED : 22850692

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Chaperone synthesis in response to proteotoxic stress is dependent on a family of transcription factors named heat shock factors (HSFs). The two main factors in this family, HSF1 and HSF2, are co-expressed in numerous tissues where they can interact and form heterotrimers in response to proteasome inhibition. HSF1 and HSF2 exhibit two alternative splicing isoforms, called α and β, which contribute to additional complexity in HSF transcriptional regulation, but remain poorly examined in the literature. In this work, we studied the transcriptional activity of HSF1 and HSF2 splicing isoforms transfected into immortalized Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (iMEFs) deleted for both Hsf1 and Hsf2, under normal conditions and after proteasome inhibition. We found that HSF1α is significantly more active than the β isoform after exposure to the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Furthermore, we clearly established that, while HSF2 had no transcriptional activity by itself, short β isoform of HSF2 exerts a negative role on HSF1β-dependent transactivation. To further assess the impact of HSF2β inhibition on HSF1 activity, we developed a mathematical modelling approach which revealed that the balance between each HSF isoform in the cell regulated the strength of the transcriptional response. Moreover, we found that cellular stress such as proteasome inhibition could regulate the splicing of Hsf2 mRNA. All together, our results suggest that relative amounts of each HSF1 and HSF2 isoforms quantitatively determine the cellular level of the proteotoxic stress response.
ISSN: 1932-6203

inserm-00814784
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00814784
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00814784/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00814784/file/journal.pone.0056085.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0056085