Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD InTech
Résumé : Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/evaporation-condensation-and-heat-transfer/heat-transfer-in-buildings-application-to-solar-air-collector-and-trombe-wall-design
International audience
The aim of this paper is to briefly recall heat transfer modes and explain their integration within a software dedicated to building simulation (CODYRUN). Detailed elements of the validation of this software are presented and two applications are finally discussed. One concerns the modeling of a flat plate air collector and the second focuses on the modeling of Trombe solar walls. In each case, detailed modeling of heat transfer allows precise understanding of thermal and energetic behavior of the studied structures. Recent decades have seen a proliferation of tools for building thermal simulation. These applications cover a wide spectrum from very simplified steady state models to dynamic simulation ones, including computational fluid dynamics modules (Clarke, 2001). These tools are widely available in design offices and engineering firms. They are often used for the design of HVAC systems and still subject to detailed research, particularly with respect to the integration of new fields (specific insulation materials, lighting, pollutants transport, etc.). Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/evaporation-condensation-and-heat-transfer/heat-transfer-in-buildings-application-to-solar-air-collector-and-trombe-wall-design
Evaporation, condensation and heat transfer

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
ISBN : 978-953-307-583-9
hal-00767482
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00767482
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00767482/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00767482/file/InTecSubmitted.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Intech
Résumé : International audience
The massive integration of sustainable energies into electrical grids (non-interconnectedor connected) is a major problem due to their stochastic character revealed by strongfluctuations at all scales. In this paper, the scaling behaviour or power law correlationsand the nature of scaling behaviour of sustainable resource data such as flow velocity,atmospheric wind speed, solar global solar radiation and sustainable energy such as,wind power output, are highlighted. For the first time, Fourier power spectral densitiesare estimated for each dataset. We show that the power spectrum densities obtained areclose to the 5/3 Kolmogorov spectrum. Furthermore, the multifractal and intermittentproperties of sustainable resource and energy data have been revealed by the concavityof the scaling exponent function. The proposed analysis frame allows a full descriptionof fluctuations of processes considered. A good knowledge of the dynamic of fluctua-tions is crucial to management of the integration of sustainable energies into a grid.
Sustainable Energy - Technological Issues, Applications and Case Studies

hal-01528087
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01528087
DOI : 10.5772/106341

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Intech
Résumé : The airbone Gamma Ray (GR) measurements have been used since decades in geophysical research
Advances in Data, Methods, Models and Their Applications in Geoscience

hal-00806659
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00806659
DOI : 10.5772/27957

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD InTech
Applied Biological Engineering - Principles and Practice

ISBN : 978-953-51-0412-4
hal-00683825
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00683825

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
: In non-mammalian vertebrates, serotonin (5-HT)-producing neurons exist in the paraventricular organ (PVO), a diencephalic structure containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting neurons exhibiting 5-HT or dopamine (DA) immunoreactivity. Because the brain of the adult teleost is known for its neurogenic activity supported, for a large part, by radial glial progenitors, this study addresses the origin of newborn 5-HT neurons in the hypothalamus of adult zebrafish. In this species, the PVO exhibits numerous radial glial cells (RGCs) whose somata are located at a certain distance from the ventricle. To study relationships between RGCs and 5-HT CSF-contacting neurons, we performed 5-HT immunohistochemistry in transgenic tg(cyp19a1b-GFP) zebrafish in which RGCs are labelled with GFP under the control of the cyp19a1b promoter. We show that the somata of the 5-HT neurons are located closer to the ventricle than those of RGCs. RGCs extend towards the ventricle cytoplasmic processes that form a continuous barrier along the ventricular surface. In turn, 5-HT neurons contact the CSF via processes that cross this barrier through small pores. Further experiments using proliferating cell nuclear antigen or 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine indicate that RGCs proliferate and give birth to 5-HT neurons migrating centripetally instead of centrifugally as in other brain regions. Furthermore, treatment of adult zebrafish with tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor causes a significant decrease in the number of proliferating cells in the PVO, but not in the mediobasal hypothalamus. These data point to the PVO as an intriguing region in which 5-HT appears to promote genesis of 5-HT neurons that accumulate along the brain ventricles and contact the CSF.
ISSN: 0953-816X

inserm-00866212
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00866212
DOI : 10.1111/ejn.12348
PUBMED : 23981075

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Intech
Résumé : International audience
The socio-economic status (SES) of populations has an influence on the incidence or mortality rates of numerous health outcomes, among which respiratory diseases (Prescott et al., 2003; Ellison-Loschmann et al., 2007). Considering asthma, the possible contribution of SES to overall prevalence –regardless of asthma severity-, remains controversial in industrialized countries. Several studies indicate that allergic asthma is more prevalent in more well-off populations whereas the non-allergic forms of asthma are more common in the deprived ones (Cesaroni et al., 2003; Blanc et al., 2006). On the other hand, severe asthma whatever its etiology appears to be more frequent in the latter populations, as compared to the more affluent (Basagana et al., 2004). Risk factors for exacerbations (e.g., passive smoking (Wright Subramanian, 2007), psychosocial stress (Gold & Wright, 2005), cockroach allergens (Kitch et al., 2000), and suboptimal compliance with anti-inflammatory medication (Gottlieb et al., 1995)) are generally more common among people with asthma and low SES than their better-off counterparts. These observations support the hypothesis that some factors more present in deprived populations contribute to asthma exacerbation (Mielck et al., 1996).
Air Pollution

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/
ISBN : 978-953-307-143-5
hal-01118620
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118620
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118620/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118620/file/Ambient%20aire-%20chapter.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD InTech
Résumé : Le livre est en accès libre. The book is in open access
New Frontiers in Graph Theory

hal-00743343
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00743343
DOI : 10.5772/35046

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490