Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Grey (Halichoerus grypus) and harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) are sympatric seal species, but they display distinct strategies of habitat use and connectivity between haulout sites. The distribution patterns and variations in relative abundance of both species were investigated along the French coast of the English Channel, at the southern limit of their range where seal numbers are increasing. Regular censuses conducted at all main haulout sites in mainland France showed significant seasonal variations at most sites, with more harbour seals counted during summer (breeding and moulting seasons), and more grey seals during summer only in the eastern English Channel. Trends in maximum haulout numbers at haulout sites showed a significant increase over the last five years, ranging from 9.7 to 30.9% per year for harbour seals, and from 5.8% (in the western English Channel) to 49.2% (in the eastern English Channel) per year for grey seals. These rates of increase in grey seal numbers are not linked to local pup production and most probably result from seal movements from the southwest British Isles and the North Sea, respectively. Aerial surveys conducted across the English Channel showed that most seal observations at sea were concentrated in the north-eastern English Channel. Telemetry showed that the 28 harbour seals tracked remained highly coastal, within a radius of 100 km from their haulout sites, and did not move to other known colonies. Grey seals moved much greater distances, reaching up to 1200 km from their capture site. More than half of the 45 grey seals tracked crossed the English Channel, especially during the breeding season, moving to known colonies in the southwest British Isles and the North Sea. Combining individual tracks and long-term surveys of the seal populations allowed a better understanding of the dynamics of these populations and their connectivity at a larger regional scale. The findings provide direct information for the management of grey and harbour seals within the frame of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, and highlight focus areas where potential interactions between the two species should be monitored.
ISSN: 0967-0645

hal-01509674
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01509674
DOI : 10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.04.004

Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : The present work aimed at better understanding metal and metalloid bioaccumulation in the edible Pacific blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris, using both laboratory and field approaches. In the laboratory, the bioaccumulation kinetics of Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, and Zn have been investigated in shrimp exposed via seawater and food, using the corresponding gamma-emitting radiotracers (Ag-110m, Cd-109, Co-57, Cr-51, and Zn-65) and highly sensitive nuclear detection techniques. Results showed that hepatopancreas and intestine concentrated the metals to the highest extent among the blue shrimp organs and tissues. Moulting was found to play a non negligible detoxification role for Co, Cr and, to a lesser extent, Zn. Metal retention by L stylirostris widely varied (from a few days to several months), according to the element and exposure pathway considered (a given metal was usually less strongly retained when ingested with food than when it was taken up from the dissolved phase). In the field study, Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn were analysed in shrimp collected from a New Caledonian aquaculture pond. Metal concentrations in the shrimp muscles were generally relatively low and results confirmed the role played by the digestive organs and tissues in the bioaccumulation/storage/detoxification of metals in the Pacific blue shrimp. Preliminary risk considerations indicate that consumption of the shrimp farmed in New Caledonia is not of particular concern for human health. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Marine Pollution Bulletin (0025-326X) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2010 , Vol. 61 , N. 7-12 , P. 576-584

Droits : 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12528/9869.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.06.035
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12528/

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : L’objectif de cet article est de proposer les bases d’une réflexion ouverte sur les ressorts de la colonisation à travers la démarche littéraire proposée par Ngugi. Dans le prolongement de sa réflexion, il s’agit de rappeler que les rapports colonisé-colonisateur (Memmi) sont fortement ancrés dans nos logiques et raisonnements ordinaires du quotidien. Et, paradoxalement, alors que le terme de colonisation semble évoquer dans nos consciences un lointain passé, révolu — l’un des dossiers clos de l’histoire —, les guerres de type colonial et les processus de recolonialisation se précipitent en ce début de XXIe siècle. Haro sur les ressources du continent africain et qu’on chasse au plus vite — sous moult habillages — les dirigeants les moins conciliants ! La colonisation est un processus d’exploitation politico-économique qui nécessite de contrôler les esprits, du colonisé comme du colonisateur.
The aim of this article is to propose the basis for an open reflection on the sources of colonization through the literary approach proposed by Ngugi. In this context, it has been repetitively noted that the relations between Colonized and Colonizer (Memmi) are tenacious in our nature and everyday ways of thinking. And, contradictorily, the term "colonization" seems to evoke the days of yore, already accomplished, in our minds - one of the closed chapters in history - while the colonial-type armed conflicts and the process of recolonization have burst out again by the beginning of XXI century. Conquering the African resources, then to chase with all haste - using many stratagems - the least conciliatory leaders! The colonization is a process of the politico-economic exploitation that requires a mind control, of both the colonized and the colonizers.
Afrique

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.5497
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/5497

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IBIS ROUGE EDITIONS
Résumé : International audience
Moult écrivains, intellectuels et poètes dont ceux de la Négritude s’accordent à dire que la poésie de Léon-Gontran Damas est une “poésie jazz ou “tam tam” inventive au langage symbolique fortement marquée par le rythme et la musicalité et qui marronne les codes de la versification traditionnelle. Le jazz, musique noir américaine du début du XXème siècle, est un traité sur l’enharmonie dans lequel la musique tout comme la vie n’est pas une partition réglée d’avance mais bien une manière de considérer d’autres possibles. Ce présent travail consiste à trouver dans Pigments (1937), ouvrage fort symbolique, des points de jonction entre le style poétique de la Négritude de Damas et les pratiques musicales marronnes comme le jazz et le free-jazz. Ces éléments nous permettront de mettre en parallèle des arts qui participent de la prise de conscience d’une poétique de l’hétérogénéité, de l’imprédictible comme l’aimait à affirmer E. Glissant.
Léon-Gontran Damas: Poète, écrivain, patrimonial et postcolonial

Droits : http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/
ISBN : 978-2-84450-416-6
hal-01679498
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01679498

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Université des Antilles
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this article is to propose the basis for an open reflection on the sources of colonization through the literary approach proposed by Ngugi. In this context, it has been repetitively noted that the relations between Colonized and Colonizer (Memmi) are tenacious in our nature and everyday ways of thinking. And, contradictorily, the term "colonization" seems to evoke the days of yore, already accomplished, in our minds - one of the closed chapters in history - while the colonial-type armed conflicts and the process of recolonization have burst out again by the beginning of XXI century. Conquering the African resources, then to chase with all haste - using many stratagems - the least conciliatory leaders! The colonization is a process of the politico-economic exploitation that requires a mind control, of both the colonized and the colonizers.
L’objectif de cet article est de proposer les bases d’une réflexion ouverte sur les ressorts de la colonisation à travers la démarche littéraire proposée par Ngugi. Dans le prolongement de sa réflexion, il s’agit de rappeler que les rapports colonisé-colonisateur (Memmi) sont fortement ancrés dans nos logiques et raisonnements ordinaires du quotidien. Et, paradoxalement, alors que le terme de colonisation semble évoquer dans nos consciences un lointain passé, révolu – l’un des dossiers clos de l’histoire -, les guerres de type colonial et les processus de recolonialisation se précipitent en ce début de XXIème siècle. Haro sur les ressources du continent africain et qu’on chasse au plus vite -sous moult habillages- les dirigeants les moins conciliants! La colonisation est un processus d’exploitation politico-économique qui nécessite de contrôler les esprits, du colonisé comme du colonisateur.
ISSN: 1779-0980

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/
hal-01368530
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01368530
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01368530/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01368530/file/osez-decoloniser-l-esprit-rencontre-autour-de-l-ouvre-de-ngugi-wa-thiong-o.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 1875-2535

hal-01084493
https://hal-agroparistech.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01084493
DOI : 10.1163/187525409X462412