Manioc : Portail | resultats 21 - 40 pour la recherche: women

Éditeur(s) : Hyacinth M. Simpson Hyacinth M. Simpson ( Manitoba, Canada )
Résumé : The word macomère is widely used by women in the Caribbean to mean "my child's godmother"; "my best friend and close female confindante"; "my bridesmaid, or another female wedding member of a wedding party of which I was a bridesmaid"; "the godmother of the child to whom I am also godmother"; "the woman who, by virtue of the depth of her friendship, has rights and privileges over my child and is a surrogate mother." This name seems appropriate because it so clearly expresses the intimate relations which women in the Caribbean share, is so firmly gendered, and honors the importance of friendship in relation to the important rituals of marriage, birth, and (implied) death. Moreover, macomère is a French Creole word which, although related to the French language, has taken on a structure and meaning which is indigenous to the Caribbean. The word is spelled in this way, instead of in the clearly Creole manner (macumè, makumeh, macoomè, macomeh, and many other variants), so that the female connotations of the word are highlighted and those meanings which apply to males ("a womanish or gossipy man"; "a homosexual") are less obvious. In those islands where Krèol (linguistic term for the French patos) is the first language, the same term is used for both females and males with meaning determined by the context. In islands such as Trinidad, however, where English has overlain Krèol, the Creole (linguistic term for the English patois) has incorporated the redundant my macomè and macomè man, thus reinforcing both the perceptions of intimacy and the female quality of the term. Interestingly enough, Richard Allsopp in The Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage (Oxford University Press, 1996) has indicated the possibility that maku in Belize, with the meaning "midwife", is also derived from macomère. Hence, the word forces us to recall the continuities and correspondences in Caribbean languages and cultures, as well as the dynamic, creative, and transforming power of Creoles. In the purely English-speaking islands, the only comparable term is godmother (usually the mother's best friend). In the Hispanophone Caribbean, there is the similar comadre, although, as we would expect, some of the connotations are different. Join us in continuing to interrogate all the connotations of the meaning inherent in this culturally rich lexical item from the Caribbean Creoles.

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.
39971238

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Two young women walking on a narrow lane on Man of War Cay, Abaco, Bahamas ; The Bryant Slides Collection ; The Bryant Slides Collection, Bahamas
Auteur(s) : Unknown ( Photographer )

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The burdened women
Auteur(s) : Mota, Vivian M League of Women Voters (U.S.) -- Overseas Education Fund

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The impact of agrarian reform on women
Auteur(s) : Palmer, Ingrid Population Council

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Women of the world ; Latin America and the Caribbean
Auteur(s) : Chaney, Elsa United States -- Bureau of the Census United States -- Agency for International Development. -- Office of Women in Development

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Pesticide exposure of pregnant women in Guadeloupe: ability of a food frequency questionnaire to estimate blood concentration of chlordecone.
Auteur(s) : Guldner, Laurence Multigner, Luc Héraud, Fanny Monfort, Christine Thomé, Jean Pierre Giusti, Arnaud Kadhel, Philippe Cordier, Sylvaine
Auteurs secondaires : Groupe d'Etude de la Reproduction Chez l'Homme et les Mammiferes (GERHM) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - IFR140 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Département santé environnement ; Institut de Veille Sanitaire Direction de l'évaluation des risques nutritionnels et sanitaires ; AFSSA Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology ; Université de Liège Service de gynécologie-obstétrique ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - CHU Pointe à Pitre : This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale—INSERM), the National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche—ANR), the French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail—AFSSET), The National Endocrine Disruptor Research Program of the French Ministry of Environment, the Departmental Public Health Services of Guadeloupe (Direction de la Santé et du Développement Social—DSDS), the General Health directorate (Direction Générale de la Santé—DCS), and the National Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS).

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
CONTEXT: Chlordecone, an environmentally persistent organochlorine insecticide used intensively in banana culture in the French West Indies until 1993, has permanently polluted soils and contaminated foodstuffs. Consumption of contaminated food is the main source of exposure nowadays. We sought to identify main contributors to blood chlordecone concentration (BCC) and to validate an exposure indicator based on food intakes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) completed by a sample of 194 pregnant women to estimate their dietary exposure to chlordecone and compared it to blood levels. In a first approach, chlordecone daily intake was estimated as the product of daily eaten quantity of 214 foodstuffs, multiplied by their chlordecone content, and summed over all items. We then predicted individual blood chlordecone concentration with empirical weight regression models based on frequency of food consumption, and without contamination data. RESULTS: Among the 191 subjects who had BCC determination, 146 (76%) had detectable values and mean BCC was 0.86 ng/mL (range < LOD-13.2). Mean per capita dietary intake of chlordecone was estimated at 3.3 microg/day (range: 0.1-22.2). Blood chlordecone levels were significantly correlated with food exposure predicted from the empirical weight models (r=0.47, p<0.0001) and, to a lesser extent, with chlordecone intake estimated from food consumption and food contamination data (r=0.20, p=0.007). Main contributors to chlordecone exposure included seafood, root vegetables, and Cucurbitaceous. CONCLUSION: These results show that the Timoun FFQ provides valid estimates of chlordecone exposure. Estimates from empirical weight models correlated better with blood levels of chlordecone than did estimates from the dietary intake assessment.
ISSN: 0013-9351

inserm-00517109
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00517109
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00517109/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00517109/file/Pesticide_exposureofpregnantwomeninGuadeloupe.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.envres.2009.10.015

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The changing class composition of the female labor force in Latin America
Auteur(s) : Safa, Helen Icken Conference on Women and Development, (1976

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MaComère ; MaComere
Auteur(s) : Association of Caribbean Women Writers and Scholars

Éditeur(s) : Hyacinth M. Simpson Hyacinth M. Simpson ( Manitoba, Canada )
Résumé : The word macomère is widely used by women in the Caribbean to mean "my child's godmother"; "my best friend and close female confindante"; "my bridesmaid, or another female wedding member of a wedding party of which I was a bridesmaid"; "the godmother of the child to whom I am also godmother"; "the woman who, by virtue of the depth of her friendship, has rights and privileges over my child and is a surrogate mother." This name seems appropriate because it so clearly expresses the intimate relations which women in the Caribbean share, is so firmly gendered, and honors the importance of friendship in relation to the important rituals of marriage, birth, and (implied) death. Moreover, macomère is a French Creole word which, although related to the French language, has taken on a structure and meaning which is indigenous to the Caribbean. The word is spelled in this way, instead of in the clearly Creole manner (macumè, makumeh, macoomè, macomeh, and many other variants), so that the female connotations of the word are highlighted and those meanings which apply to males ("a womanish or gossipy man"; "a homosexual") are less obvious. In those islands where Krèol (linguistic term for the French patos) is the first language, the same term is used for both females and males with meaning determined by the context. In islands such as Trinidad, however, where English has overlain Krèol, the Creole (linguistic term for the English patois) has incorporated the redundant my macomè and macomè man, thus reinforcing both the perceptions of intimacy and the female quality of the term. Interestingly enough, Richard Allsopp in The Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage (Oxford University Press, 1996) has indicated the possibility that maku in Belize, with the meaning "midwife", is also derived from macomère. Hence, the word forces us to recall the continuities and correspondences in Caribbean languages and cultures, as well as the dynamic, creative, and transforming power of Creoles. In the purely English-speaking islands, the only comparable term is godmother (usually the mother's best friend). In the Hispanophone Caribbean, there is the similar comadre, although, as we would expect, some of the connotations are different. Join us in continuing to interrogate all the connotations of the meaning inherent in this culturally rich lexical item from the Caribbean Creoles.

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.
39971238

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A preliminary evaluation of the Panama women's self-help construction project
Auteur(s) : Girling, Robert Henriques Lycette, Margaret Youssef, Nadia H International Center for Research on Women

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Eleanor Friend Sleight and her daughter Susan buying a souvenir belt from a Bahamian straw vendor ; The Bryant Slides Collection ; The Bryant Slides Collection, Bahamas Nassau Hope Town
Auteur(s) : Unknown ( Photographer )

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