Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Taylor & Francis (Routledge)
Résumé : International audience
The French Antilles (Martinique, Saint Martin and Guadeloupe) and French Guiana are the French territories most affected by the HIV epidemic. Some population groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM), especially those involved in transactional sex, are thought to be particularly vulnerable to HIV but few data exist to help characterize their health-related needs and thus implement relevant prevention interventions. To fill this knowledge gap, we used data collected from an HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviours and Practices survey conducted in 2012 among MSM living in the French Antilles and French Guiana and recruited through snowball sampling. Our objectives were to compare social and demographic characteristics and sexual behaviours between MSM engaging in transactional sex and MSM not engaging in transactional sex and to identify factors associated with transactional sex involvement using a logistic regression model. A total of 733 MSM were interviewed, 21% of whom reported to undergo transactional sex. Their behaviour and social and demographic characteristics were different from other MSMs’ and they were more exposed to factors that are recognized to potentiate HIVvulnerability, at the individual, community, network and structural levels. The variables positively associated with sex trade involvement were having ever consumed drug (OR = 2.84 [1.23–6.52]; p = .002), having a greater number of sex partners than the median (OR = 8.31 [4.84–14.30]; p < .001), having experienced intimate partner violence (OR = 1.72 [0.99–3.00]; p = .053) and having undergone physical aggression because of sexual orientation (OR = 2.84 [1.23–6.52];p = .014). Variables negatively associated with sex trade involvement were being older (OR = 0.93 [0.90–0.97] per year; p = .001), having a stable administrative situation (OR = 0.10 [0.06–0.19]; p < .001), having a stable housing (OR = 0.29 [0.15–0.55]; p < .001) and being employed full-time (OR = 0.29 [1.23–6.52]; p = .002).
ISSN: 0954-0121

inserm-01407263
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407263
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407263/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01407263/file/AIDS%20Care%20final%20version.pdf
DOI : 10.1080/09540121.2016.1234680

Éditeur(s) : Direction Générale des Travaux Publics Direction Générale des Travaux Publics ( Haiti )
Résumé : This collection of over 5,000 black and white photographs held by the National Archives of Haiti dates from 1918 to 1945. It contains images of public buildings before and after restoration, public works, monuments, and the visits of U.S. Presidents and other officials.
Haiti

Droits : All rights reserved by the National Archives of Haiti.
10854

Résumé : 2009, Scott Zona -- CC: at-ncsa (Creative Commons license requiring attribution, prohibiting commercial uses, and requiring rights-share for use of this image)
Jamaica -- St. Mary -- Albany, near Martins

Éditeur(s) : Direction Générale des Travaux Publics Direction Générale des Travaux Publics ( Haiti )
Résumé : This collection of over 5,000 black and white photographs held by the National Archives of Haiti dates from 1918 to 1945. It contains images of public buildings before and after restoration, public works, monuments, and the visits of U.S. Presidents and other officials.
Haiti

Droits : All rights reserved by the National Archives of Haiti.
10802

North America -- United States Virgin Islands
Caribbean
1970-2005

Résumé : 2009, Scott Zona -- CC: at-ncsa (Creative Commons license requiring attribution, prohibiting commercial uses, and requiring rights-share for use of this image)
Jamaica -- St. Mary -- Albany, near Martins

Éditeur(s) : Direction Générale des Travaux Publics Direction Générale des Travaux Publics ( Haiti )
Résumé : This collection of over 5,000 black and white photographs held by the National Archives of Haiti dates from 1918 to 1945. It contains images of public buildings before and after restoration, public works, monuments, and the visits of U.S. Presidents and other officials.
Haiti

Droits : All rights reserved by the National Archives of Haiti.
10802

North America -- United States Virgin Islands
Caribbean
1970-2005

Résumé : This label was owned by P. San Martin and Companyand later called the San Martin & Leon Cigar Factory.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
P21-0256

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : La petite île antillaise de Saint-Martin (90 km²) a vu sa population pratiquement tripler ces deux dernières décennies, passant de 25 000 à 70 000 insulaires environ. Les migrations intra-caribéennes sont la cause essentielle du sensible accroissement démographique de cette île mi-française, mi-hollandaise au niveau de vie comparable à celui de l’Europe occidentale, mais située dans une aire géographique moins privilégiée. L’article tend à interroger le lien de causalité entre l’afflux massif de populations allochtones et la partition de l’île, ce dernier facteur paraissant déterminant pour la compréhension du phénomène migratoire vers Saint-Martin. L’île serait rendue plus encore attractive par l’existence de cette frontière qui, d’une part, favorise un dynamisme économique particulier et, d’autre part, rend le contrôle des flux migratoires plus difficile en raison du différentiel législatif entre ses deux parties.
The small Caribbean island of St. Martin (90 km ²) saw its population nearly tripled in the last two decades, from 25 000 to about 70 000 islanders. The intra-Caribbean migrations are the main cause of significant population growth of the mid-French, mid-Dutch island where standard of living is comparable to that of Western Europe but located in a geographical area less privileged. The article tends to question the causal link between the massive influx of immigrants populations and the partition of the island, the latter factor appearing crucial for understanding the phenomenon of migration to Saint-Martin. The island would be made more attractive by the existence of this border which, on the one hand, promotes a particular economic dynamism and, on the other hand, gives the control of migration flows more difficult because of the legislative differential between its two parties.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.962
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/962

Éditeur(s) : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of the Virgin Islands Agricultural Experiment Station, University of the Virgin Islands ( Kingshill St. Croix, Kingshill St. Croix )
Résumé : (Statement of Responsibility) by Martin B. Adjei and Olasee Davis.
Cover title.
"September 1999."
United States Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands

46953696

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD SAGE Publications
Résumé : International audience
A multiproxy analysis of lacustrine sediments cored in Grand-Case Pond at Saint-Martin, north of the Lesser Antilles archipelago, reveals three distinct climatic periods for the last 3700 years. From 3700 to ~2500 yr cal. BP and from 1150 yr cal. BP to the present, carbonate mud deposition occurred in connection with pond lowstands. These periods were also punctuated by severe drought events, marked by gypsum laminae, and hurricane landfalls, leading to marine sand inputs into the pond. The intermediate time interval, from 2500 to 1150 yr cal. BP, is typified by black organic mud deposition, suggesting that hypoxic to anoxic conditions prevailed at the pond bottom. These were probably linked with a perennial pond highstand and reflect more uniform and wetter climatic conditions than today. The carbon isotopic composition of the ostracod Perissocytheridea bisulcata shows that the lowest δ13C values are recorded during the hypoxic periods, as a consequence of bacterial recycling of isotopically depleted organic matter. Such a climatic history agrees closely with that documented from other records in the Caribbean area, such as the Cariaco Basin, central coast of Belize or Barbados. By constrast, discrepancies seem to emerge from the comparison between hurricane activity recorded at Saint-Martin on the one hand and Vieques (Puerto Rico) on the other hand. We explain this apparent contradiction by a balance between two distinct storm paths in response to latitudinal shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Stronger storm activity over the Gulf coast and the inner Caribbean Sea is favoured by a southern position of the ITCZ in connection with dry climatic conditions. Plausible links with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are also suggested.
ISSN: 0959-6836

halshs-00758748
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00758748
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00758748/document
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00758748/file/Malaize_et_al._2011_cor.pdf
DOI : 10.1177/0959683611400198

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
We present GPS observations in Morocco and adjacent areas of Spain from 15 continuous (CGPS) and 31 survey-mode (SGPS) sites extending from the stable part of the Nubian plate to central Spain. We determine a robust velocity field for the W Mediterranean that we use to constrain models for the Iberia-Nubia plate boundary. South of the High Atlas Mountain system, GPS motions are consistent with Nubia plate motions from prior geodetic studies. We constrain shortening in the Atlas system to <1.5 mm/yr. 95% confidence level. North of the Atlas Mountains, the GPS velocities indicate Nubia motion with respect to Eurasia, but also a component of motion normal to the direction of Nubia-Eurasia motion, consisting of southward translation of the Rif Mountains in N Morocco at rates exceeding 5 mm/yr. This southward motion appears to be directly related to Miocene opening of the Alboran Sea. The Betic Mountain system north of the Alboran Sea is characterized by WNW motion with respect to Eurasia at 1-2 mm/yr. paralleling Nubia-Eurasia relative motion. In addition, sites located in the Betics north of the southerly moving Rif Mountains also indicate a component of southerly motion with respect to Eurasia. We interpret this as indicating that deformation associated with Nubia-Eurasia plate motion extends into the southern Betics, but also that the Betic system may be affected by the same processes that are causing southward motion of the Rif Mountains south of the Alboran Sea. Kinematic modeling indicates that plate boundary geometries that include a boundary through the Straits of Gibraltar are most compatible with the component of motion in the direction of relative plate motion, but that two additional blocks (Alboran-Rif block, Betic Mountain block), independent of both Nubia and Eurasia are needed to account for the motions of the Rif and Betic Mountains normal to the direction of relative plate motion. We speculate that the southward motions of the Alboran-Rif and Betic blocks may be related to mantle flow, possibly induced by southward rollback of the subducted Nubian plate beneath the Alboran Sea and Rif Mountains.
ISSN: 0264-3707

hal-00475538
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00475538
DOI : 10.1016/j.jog.2009.10.007

Résumé : Partie intégrante de la République Française, les collectivités d’outre-mer oscillent entre identité institutionnelle avec la métropole et quête d'une certaine forme d'autonomie identitaire. Cette particularité trouve sa traduction dans les différentes réformes constitutionnelles depuis leur inscription dans les constitutions de 1946 et 1958. Avec la révision constitutionnelle de 28 mars 2003 sur l'organisation décentralisée de la République, une nouvelle donne institutionnelle s'ouvre pour ces collectivités d'Outre-Mer. Les consultations référendaires sur le statut de la Martinique organisées le 7 décembre 2003, puis les 10 et 24 janvier 2010 s'inscrivaient dans cette logique là.C’est dans ce contexte de mise en place d’une collectivité unique dotée d’une assemblée unique qu’il convient d'aborder les problématiques d’aménagement du territoire. Une telle approche passe par l’analyse des principaux textes relatifs à l’aménagement du territoire ainsi que des évolutions législatives dans ce domaine. Il est important de souligner la volonté sans cesse exprimée par les élus locaux pour l’exercice de plus de responsabilité notamment au regard des politiques d’aménagement du territoire. Pourtant, à ce niveau, le rôle de l’État demeure toujours aussi prépondérant et ce, en dépit des lois de décentralisation. D’où la nécessité d'approfondir l'étude des rapports entre collectivités territoriales et l’État. L’approche comparative des statuts juridiques de Martinique, Guadeloupe, Guyane, Saint-Martin, Polynésie française, s’impose dès lors comme une étape incontournable dans une telle analyse.
Integral part of the French Republic, communities overseas range from corporate identity with the city and looking for some form of self-identity . This feature is its translation into the various constitutional reforms since their inscription in the constitutions of 1946 and 1958. With the constitutional revision of 28 March 2003 on the decentralized organization of the Republic, a new institutional opens for these overseas communities. The referendums on the status of Martinique held December 7, 2003 , then on 10 and 24 January 2010 were part of this logic is in this context of establishing a unique community with a meeting only appropriate to address land issues. Such an approach requires an analysis of key texts relating to planning and legislative developments in this area. It is important to note the willingness constantly expressed by local elected officials to exercise more responsibility especially with regard to land use policies. However, at this level, the role of the state remains as dominant and , despite the decentralization laws. Hence the need for further study of the relationship between local authorities and the state. The comparative approach to legal status of Martinique , Guadeloupe , Guyana, Saint- Martin, French Polynesia , is therefore needed as an essential step in such an analysis.

http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0593

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The INTERREG Caribbean IV program recommends the valorization and protection of the region's environmental core, through collaborative and sustainable management of resources. It uses Martinique as the test case. The French territories of Saint-Martin, Saint-Barthélemy, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, and the member states of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States are part of a geographic continuum that can easily be identified through its similar landscapes, climates, and natural resources and also through the environmental degradation the states have to face, caused by human activity (pollution and deterioration of ecosystems and habitats), natural hazards, and climate change including sea level rise. Therefore the islands of the Lesser Antilles are faced with an important developmental and environmental challenge, which could be easily summarized as a struggle for balance.
Meteorological Technology International

ird-00742661
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00742661
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00742661/document
IRD : fdi:010057442

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Up-to-date estimates of the health outcomes of preterm children are needed for assessing perinatal care, informing parents, making decisions about care, and providing evidence for clinical guidelines. To determine survival and neonatal morbidity of infants born from 22 through 34 completed weeks' gestation in France in 2011 and compare these outcomes with a comparable cohort in 1997. The EPIPAGE-2 study is a national, prospective, population-based cohort study conducted in all maternity and neonatal units in France in 2011. A total of 2205 births (stillbirths and live births) and terminations of pregnancy at 22 through 26 weeks' gestation, 3257 at 27 through 31 weeks, and 1234 at 32 through 34 weeks were studied. Cohort data were collected from January 1 through December 31, 1997, and from March 28 through December 31, 2011. Analyses for 1997 were run for the entire year and then separately for April to December; the rates for survival and morbidities did not differ. Data are therefore presented for the whole year in 1997 and the 8-month and 6-month periods in 2011. Survival to discharge and survival without any of the following adverse outcomes: grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 or higher), or necrotizing enterocolitis (stages 2-3). A total of 0.7% of infants born before 24 weeks' gestation survived to discharge: 31.2% of those born at 24 weeks, 59.1% at 25 weeks, and 75.3% at 26 weeks. Survival rates were 93.6% at 27 through 31 weeks and 98.9% at 32 through 34 weeks. Infants discharged home without severe neonatal morbidity represented 0% at 23 weeks, 11.6% at 24 weeks, 30.0% at 25 weeks, 47.5% at 26 weeks, 81.3% at 27 through 31 weeks, and 96.8% at 32 through 34 weeks. Compared with 1997, the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity in 2011 increased by 14.4% (P < .001) at 25 through 29 weeks and 6% (P < .001) at 30 through 31 weeks but did not change appreciably for those born at less than 25 weeks. The rates of antenatal corticosteroid use, induced preterm deliveries, cesarean deliveries, and surfactant use increased significantly in all gestational-age groups, except at 22 through 23 weeks. The substantial improvement in survival in France for newborns born at 25 through 31 weeks' gestation was accompanied by an important reduction in severe morbidity, but survival remained rare before 25 weeks. Although improvement in survival at extremely low gestational age may be possible, its effect on long-term outcomes requires further studies. The long-term results of the EPIPAGE-2 study will be informative in this regard.
ISSN: 2168-6211

hal-01258705
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01258705
PUBMED : 25621457
DOI : 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3351

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Abstract View references (38)Silicalite-1 (S-1) and ZSM-5 membranes prepared by secondary growth on tubular ceramic supports were tested using a pervaporation set up for the desalination of aqueous solutions containing NaCl in concentrations corresponding to brackish (0.3-1wt%), sea (3.5wt%) and brine (7.5-15wt%) water. ZSM-5 membranes delivered higher water fluxes when compared with S-1 membranes due to enhanced hydrophilicity of the Al-rich zeolite structure leading to fluxes as high as 11.5kgm -2h -1 for 0.3wt% NaCl feed solutions at 75°C. At higher salt concentration the water flux decreased alongside with the salt rejection rate, however the hydrophilic ZMS-5 membrane became more susceptible to performance loss, particularly at high temperatures. Detailed stability experiments carried out for up to 560h showed the dissolution of both S-1 and ZSM-5 top layers. This was attributed to the combined effects of ion exchange and water dissolution mechanisms. Interesting though, the MFI structure zeolite was still observed on the XRD patterns whilst EDX depth profile showed the presence of silica up to 30μm depth into the support. These results suggest the formation/infiltration of a compact amorphous phase in the substrate, derived from the aggregation of the dissolved silicate species and possibly together with the arrangement of MFI nano-slabs during the desalination tests. Despite generating lower water fluxes, the S-1 membrane exhibited relatively high robustness under the long term testing conditions which included temperature cycling, delivering salt rejections from initial >99% to <80% at the end of the testing period (560h). © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
ISSN: 0376-7388

hal-01683201
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01683201
DOI : 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.05.074

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The French-Dutch island of St Martin, of which the French part became a French Overseas Collectivity on 14 July 2007, is characterized by a multilingual environment and presents the question of which educational and didactic strategies to adopt for French language teaching in these linguistic circumstances. Non-French-speaking children are assessed by the educational team and are given elementary language teaching in CLIN (beginners’ classes for non-French-speaking children). The CLIN teaching relies on methods based on the discipline of French as a Second Language and is presented as a transitional discipline which is needed to ensure comprehension across all educational disciplines. As the CLIN is not in a position to avoid the differences in language, it needs to reinforce the bridges between languages, not only to help the pupils to understand their plural identity but also to reinforce their L1 and TL practices. In these circumstances it is essential to consider the use of multilingual teaching methods.
Interplay : A journal of Languages, Linguistics and Literature

hal-01532982
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01532982

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
This lecture main goal will be to present a synthesis of the researches we have conducted during the last 15 years about the pre-Columbian occupation of the West Indies between 300 BC and 400 AD. Those researches have been realized in Martinique, Dominica, Marie-Galante, Guadeloupe, Antigua and Barbuda. They have been enriched by the work of others archaeologists in Grenada, St. Vincent, Montserrat, Nevis, St Kitts and St. Martin. This huge set of data give us the opportunity to analysis the West Indian Amerindian civilizations in a maritime and archipelagic perspective, falling out by this way with the traditional approach focused on the insularity concept. The last part of this research have been an experimental archaeology program about Amerindian navigation techniques. Thus, between 2008 and 2010 we have navigated on a 60 feet long traditional dugout canoes from island to island, from Grenada to Antigua following the road of ours ancestors.
1st Garifuna International Conference
kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-00961357
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00961357
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00961357/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00961357/file/Pre-Columbian_Antillean_civilizations_in_an_archipelagic_perspective.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD University of the West Indies
Résumé : International audience
La séquence de l'occupation précolombienne de l'île de Saint-Martin couvre une fourchette chronologique d'environ 4000 ans, de 2500 av. J.C. à 1500 ap.J.C.. On perçoit trois principales phases culturelles : une période précéramique suivie de deux phases céramiques, saladoïde et postsaladoïde. Deux référentiels chronologiques sont en cours d'élaboration. Le premier concerne l'occupation humaine restituée à partir de l'analyse de gisements précolombiens récemment documentés. Le second, qui se rapporte à l'évolution des paléomilieux, est construit à partir d'une analyse pluridisciplinaire du remplissage sédimentaire de plusieurs lagunes. La séquence étudiée a fourni à la base une datation vers 2900 av. J.C., elle couvre toute la période précolombienne. Les premiers résultats montrent des possibilités de corrélations entre les phases de transitions culturelles et les changements paléoclimatiques durant l'Holocène.
Proceedings of the twenty-fisrt congress of the international association for caribbean archaeology
Saint-Augustine, United States

halshs-00995384
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00995384
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00995384/document
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00995384/file/Bonnissent_al_2007_PCR_aiac_cor.pdf