Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The morphogenetic evolution of the Lesser Caucasus has been strongly influenced by Plio-Quaternary volcanic and tectonic events and Pleistocene glaciations. Fluvio-lacustrine environments, indicated by diatomaceous deposits, prevailed in the Syunik region of southern Armenia during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. The Pleistocene diatomaceous deposits studied contain leaf impressions and pollen, allowing local palaeoclimatic reconstructions. The chronology of morphogenetic events has been determined by 17 radiometric dates (K/Ar, Ar/Ar, U/Th), palaeomagnetic investigations and is placed in a spatial context by a detailed geomorphological map and a 24-km geological transect of the Vorotan valley, the main area studied. Before 1.21 Ma, tectonic movements (antecedents of the lower part of the Vorotan valley) generated extensive lake formations with diatomaceous deposits. From 993 ka, volcanic eruptions produced lava flows that covered the fluvio-lacustrine accumulations. During Marine Isotopic Stages 12, 6 and 4, glaciers and fluvio-glacial deposits were probably present overall the principal uplands and valleys of southern Armenia. At 53.68 ka (MIS 3), 12.6 ka, 10.78 ka and 4.14 ka (MIS 1), the development of travertines on some slopes and in some valleys highlights temperate and humid climatic phases. Palaeobotanical studies of leaf and pollen floras show that the vegetation changed several times from forested to steppic phases in response to the climate oscillations of the Lower Pleistocene. This work proposes a first morphogenic and palaeoclimatic reconstruction from the lower Pleistocene to the Postglacial period, when the first settlements of the population in the Lesser Caucasus were influenced by tectono-volcanic events, lake level changes and glacialeinterglacial oscillations forced by the obliquity orbital parameter (41 ky cycles).
ISSN: 1040-6182

hal-00481939
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00481939
DOI : 10.1016/j.quaint.2010.02.008

Résumé : Notre sujet de thèse porte sur la contribution des journalistes caribéens au processus démocratique à travers le traitement des événements socio-politiques majeurs entre 1989 et 2009. Il s’agit de la tentative du coup d’état de juillet 1990 à Trinidad-et-Tobago et du mouvement social de 2009 en Guadeloupe.Cette étude part d'un état des lieux des concepts de journaliste, de démocratie et de liberté de la presse. Cette thèse vise à interroger le terme « démocratie » et l'éthique des journalistes. Il existe des chartes déontologiques, édictées par la profession des journalistes, qui reprennent les principes démocratiques. Nous avançons donc l'hypothèse selon laquelle les journalistes sont de véritables acteurs du processus démocratique. Garants de la démocratie, ils ont aussi une responsabilité sociale envers les citoyens.Cette recherche vise à analyser les événements socio-politiques majeurs dans les deux territoires entre 1989 et 2009. A travers ces événements, il s'agit de montrer la manière dont les journalistes contribuent au processus démocratique. Notre méthodologie consiste à analyser les articles de presse et les entretiens semi-directifs avec les journalistes pour comprendre comment ils travaillent et comprendre leur concept de liberté de la presse.
The present research deals with the involvement of Caribbean journalists in the emergence of democracy through media coverage of the major socio-political events between 1989 and 2009. It is the attempted coup d’etat in Trinidad and Tobago in July 1990 and the social movement in Guadeloupe in 2009.This study starts by defining concepts such as journalists, democracy and freedom of the press. This thesis aims at examining the term “democracy” and journalists' ethics. There are democratic principles in the code of ethics written by journalists themselves. This leads me to think that journalists are indeed major actors in the democratic process. Indeed, they are the guarantors of democracy because they have a social responsibility towards citizens.This research aims at analyzing the major socio-political events in both territories between 1989 and 2009. Through these events, I would like to show the way journalists contribute to the democratic process. That is why I analyzed the articles of the newspapers and interviews with journalists were conducted, in order to know in detail the way they work and their concept of freedom of the press.

http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0715/document

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD "Giornale Italiano della Ricerca Educativa - Italian Journal of Educational Research".
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this research is to try to explain beliefs of teachers in favour of student retention, beginning with their psycho-pedagogical beliefs in other areas: learning, intelligence, assessment, principle of justice. A questionnaire was administered to 112 primary teachers of the Belgium French. The responses have been processed through factor analysis to construct and validate metric scales. Then, using regression equations, we have tried to predict beliefs about student retention using other categories of beliefs. Finally, we conducted cluster analyses in order to identify groups of teachers, distinguishable by the nature of their beliefs. Two major results emerge from these analyses. On the one hand, it appears that the awareness of research on the effects of repetition influences teachers’ beliefs about this practice. On the other hand, contrary to our assumptions, the other categories of beliefs do not seem to affect teachers’ beliefs about student retention. These results are discussed in relation to the classical theories postulating that beliefs and social representations are organized into a system.
ISSN: 2038-9744

hal-01532840
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01532840

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Inter Research
Résumé : International audience
The main objective of the VULSACO (VULnerability of SAndy COasts to climate change and anthropic pressure) project was to investigate present day and potential future vulnerability of sandy coasts at the 2030 horizon, i.e. on a time scale related to climate variability. The method, based on a multidisciplinary approach bringing together geologists, geographers, physicists, social psychologists, engineers and stakeholders, was structured around 4 axes: field data analysis; numerical modelling; analysis of governance and stakeholder perceptions; and development of vulnerability indexes. This approach was designed to investigate vulnerability at a local scale and was applied to 4 contrasting beaches located in France: Sète Lido (Mediterranean Sea), Truc Vert and La Tresson beaches (Atlantic Ocean), and Dewulf (English Channel). The results focus on decadal and multi-annual beach trends at the Truc Vert beach site. There is almost no trend in beach volume at Truc Vert beach, although there is a variation in this parameter on a cycle of 2 to 3 yr, with variations related to wave energy and probably to indexes of climate variability. Numerical modelling identified the sensitivity of beach responses to changes in wave height and direction, especially in terms of subtidal morphology and the potential development of shoreline instability. Together with the observed offshore wave angle at the Biscay Buoy, these model results suggest that a potential change in wave angle due to climate variability could significantly modify the bars' morphology. The combination of data analysis and numerical modelling contributed to the development of vulnerability indexes designed for sandy coasts, which take into account climate-dependant variables such as waves. This allowed the differentiation of the sites in terms of vulnerability to erosion: Sète Lido and Truc Vert beach were the most and least vulnerable sites, respectively. These indexes help in identifying the dominant components of beach vulnerability, and provide potential for the study of how anthropogenic factors affect vulnerability. The study of stakeholder perceptions and decision-making with regard to climate-related risk also highlighted potential anthropogenic effects on beach vulnerability, and identified possible site-specific outcomes.
ISSN: 0936-577X

hal-00843946
https://hal-brgm.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00843946
DOI : 10.3354/cr01153

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
E STE ESTUDIO propone un análisis de los medios que utilizaban los impresores libreros y los mercaderes de libros sevillanos para apro-visionar los fondos de sus librerías. La compra de libros usados y de bibliotecas privadas nos permite comprobar en qué medida esos sistemas de abastecimiento respondían bien a estrategias comerciales para obtener la máxima rentabilidad, bien a sistemas de cobranza de deudas ligadas a otras actividades que convergían con el mundo del libro e incluso a una demanda por parte del público lector. Estudiar este método de adquisi-ción de libros sin aislarlo del proceso de comunicación del libro permite no sólo salir de la rígida interpretación de los inventarios post mortem, sino ver las diferentes etapas de circulación de los impresos y reconstruir las redes comerciales que permitían dichas compras. En muy pocas ocasiones las fuentes proporcionan indicios sobre esta problemática y los circuitos de abastecimiento de libros resultan un enigma en los inventarios de bienes. No pretendemos presentar un cuadro general del tema, sino resaltar sus diversas facetas a partir de las monografías que hemos ido elaborando sobre doce familias de impresores libreros y mercaderes de libros radicados en Sevilla, en un periodo que abarca desde 1680 hasta 1755. En total son veinticuatro individuos de los cuales hemos reconstruido la actividad
La memoria de los libros. Estudios sobre la historia del escrito y de la lectura en Europa y América. Tomo II

hal-01672981
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01672981
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01672981/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01672981/file/Clara_Palmiste.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The aim was to identify patterns of work organization characteristics using data from epidemiological surveillance program of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) implemented in the Pays de la Loire region between 2002 and 2005. A total of 3710 workers were included and completed a administered questionnaire including 16 organizational variables. Ascendant hierarchical clustering (AHC) of organizational variables and AHC of workers had identified five patterns of work organization characteristics: technical constraints and weak decision latitude; internal/external demand and mean decision latitude; weak pace constraints and mean decision latitude; internal/external demand and high decision latitude; weak pace constraints and high decision latitude. Relationships with MSD diagnosed by occupational physicians were then studied.
The specific health programs (SHP) are one of the four mechanisms of prevention planned by the Health and Safety at work Law in the province of Quebec. If the Law appoints only a responsible doctor, it is in reality Health at work teams (HWT) that develop these SHP. In this communication, based on the model of the working situation and the diagram of inter professional practices of collaboration, we study the practices of inter professional collaboration (CIP) in the HWT. The observed practices vary between independent practices, in parallel, of consultation, of dialogue and in shared services. Formalization of the teams, coordination of communication, leadership, respect and professional identities influence particularly the practices of CIP.
L’objectif était d’identifier des patterns de caractéristiques d'organisation du travail à partir des données du programme de surveillance épidémiologique des troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) mis en œuvre dans les Pays de la Loire entre 2002 et 2005. Au total, 3 710 salariés ont été inclus et ont répondu à un questionnaire comportant notamment 16 variables organisationnelles. Une classification ascendante hiérarchique (CAH) des variables organisationnelles puis une CAH des salariés ont permis d’identifier cinq patterns de caractéristiques d’organisation du travail : contraintes techniques et faible latitude décisionnelle ; demande interne/externe et latitude décisionnelle moyenne ; faibles contraintes de rythme et latitude décisionnelle moyenne ; demande externe/interne et forte latitude décisionnelle ; faibles contraintes de rythme et forte latitude décisionnelle. Les associations avec les TMS diagnostiqués par des médecins du travail ont ensuite été étudiées.
Actes du 50ème congrès de la Société d'Ergonomie de Langue Française
Paris, France

halshs-01307785
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01307785

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD SAGE Publications (UK and US)
Résumé : International audience
Genetic approaches have shown that several genes could modify caries susceptibility; AmelogeninX (AMELX) has been repeatedly designated. Here, we hypothesized that AMELX mutations resulting in discrete changes of enamel microstructure may be found in children with a severe caries phenotype. In parallel, possible AMELX mutations that could explain resistance to caries may be found in caries-free patients. In this study, coding exons of AMELX and exon-intron boundaries were sequenced in 399 individuals with extensive caries (250) or caries-free (149) individuals from nine French hospital groups. No mutation responsible for a direct change of amelogenin function was identified. Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found, 3 presenting a high allele frequency, and 1 being detected for the first time. Three SNPs were located in coding regions, 2 of them being non-synonymous. Both evolutionary and statistical analyses showed that none of these SNPs was associated with caries susceptibility, suggesting that AMELX is not a gene candidate in our studied population.
ISSN: 0022-0345

hal-01545481
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545481
DOI : 10.1177/0022034513482941