Manioc : Portail | resultats 41 - 60 pour la recherche: firm performance

A voyage to the Demerary : containing a statistical account of the settlements there, and of those on the Essequebo, the Berbice, and others contiguous rivers of Guyana
Auteur(s) : Bolingbroke, Henry (1785-1855)
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Une histoire des colonies anglaises aux Antilles: de 1649 à 1660 : thèse présentée à la faculté des lettres de l'Université de Paris
Auteur(s) : Watts, Arthur Pryor (18..-19..)
Auteurs secondaires : Université de Paris (1896-1968). Faculté des lettres
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Narrative of a five years' expedition against the revolted negroes of Surinam in Guiana, on the wild coast of South America from the year 1772 to 1777, elucidating the history of that country and describing its productions... with an account of the Indians of Guiana and negroes of Guinea... Tome 1
Auteur(s) : Stedman, John Gabriel (1744-1797)
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Functional trait variation and sampling strategies in species-rich plant communities
Auteur(s) : Baraloto, Christopher Paine, Cet. Patiño, S. Bonal, D. Hérault, Bruno Chave, J.
Auteurs secondaires : Department of Biology ; University of Michigan [Ann Arbor] Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Diagonal 27 No. 15-09 ; Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Diagonal 27 No. 15-09 Earth and Biosphere Institute ; School of Geography Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - AgroParisTech - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Commissariat général du Plan (CGP) ; Premier ministre Evolution et diversité biologique (EDB) ; Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 (UPS) - Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
1. Despite considerable interest in the application of plant functional traits to questions of community assembly and ecosystem structure and function, there is no consensus on the appropriateness of sampling designs to obtain plot-level estimates in diverse plant communities. 2. We measured 10 plant functional traits describing leaf and stem morphology and ecophysiology for all trees in nine 1-ha plots in terra firme lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana (N = 4709). 3.We calculated, by simulation, the mean and variance in trait values for each plot and each trait expected under seven sampling methods and a range of sampling intensities. Simulated sampling methods included a variety of spatial designs, as well as the application of existing data base values to all individuals of a given species. 4. For each trait in each plot, we defined a performance index for each sampling design as the proportion of resampling events that resulted in observed means within 5% of the true plot mean, and observed variance within 20%of the true plot variance. 5. The relative performance of sampling designs was consistent for estimations of means and variances. Data base use had consistently poor performance for most traits across all plots, whereas sampling one individual per species per plot resulted in relatively high performance. We found few differences among different spatial sampling strategies; however, for a given strategy, increased intensity of sampling resulted in markedly improved accuracy in estimates of trait mean and variance. 6. We also calculated the financial cost of each sampling design based on data from our 'every individual per plot' strategy and estimated the sampling and botanical effort required. The relative performance of designs was strongly positively correlated with relative financial cost, suggesting that sampling investment returns are relatively constant. 7. Our results suggest that trait sampling for many objectives in species-rich plant communities may require the considerable effort of sampling at least one individual of each species in each plot, and that investment in complete sampling, though great, may be worthwhile for at least some traits.
ISSN: 0269-8463

hal-00594009
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00594009

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A treatise on the theory and practice of the art of fencing : illustrated with twelve highly finished plates, and continued by easy and progressive lessons, from the simplest position to the most complicated movements
Auteur(s) : Roland, George
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Hayti or the black republic
Auteur(s) : Saint-John, Spenser Buckingham (1825-1910 ; Sir)
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Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of America, during the years 1799-1804 / by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland ; translated from the French of Alexander von Humboldt and edited by Thomasina Ross. Volume 2
Auteur(s) : Bonpland, Aimé (1773-1858) Humboldt, Alexander von (1769-1859)
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Domestic manners and social condition of the white, coloured, and negro population of the West Indies. Volume 1
Auteur(s) : Carmichael, A. C.
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The Life and voyages of Christopher Colombus ; together with the voyages of his companions (vol. 3)
Auteur(s) : Irving, Washington (1783-1859)
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Seasonal water stress tolerance and habitat associations within four neotropical tree genera
Auteur(s) : Baraloto, Christopher Morneau, François Bonal, Damien Blanc, Lilian Ferry, Bruno
Auteurs secondaires : Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - AgroParisTech - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - AgroParisTech

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Ecological Society of America
Résumé : We investigated the relationship between habitat association and physiological performance in four congeneric species pairs exhibiting contrasting distributions between seasonally flooded and terra firme habitats in lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana, including Virola and Iryanthera (Myristicaceae), Symphonia (Clusiaceae), and Eperua (Caesalpiniaceae). We analyzed 10-year data sets of mapped and measured saplings (stems 150 cm in height and <10 cm diameter at breast height [dbh]) and trees (stems 10 cm dbh) across 37.5 ha of permanent plots covering a 300-ha zone, within which seasonally flooded areas (where the water table never descends below 1 m) have been mapped. Additionally, we tested the response of growth, survival, and leaf functional traits of these species to drought and flood stress in a controlled experiment. We tested for habitat preference using a modification of the torus translation method. Strong contrasting associations of the species pairs of Iryanthera, Virola, and Symphonia were observed at the sapling stage, and these associations strengthened for the tree stage. Neither species of Eperua was significantly associated with flooded habitats at the sapling stage, but E. falcata was significantly and positively associated with flooded forests at the tree stage, and trees of E. grandiflora were found almost exclusively in nonflooded habitats. Differential performance provided limited explanatory support for the observed habitat associations, with only congeners of Iryanthera exhibiting divergent sapling survival and tree growth. Seedlings of species associated with flooded forest tended to have higher photosynthetic capacity than their congeners at field capacity. In addition, they tended to have the largest reductions in leaf gas exchange and growth rate in response to experimental drought stress and the least reductions in response to experimental inundation. The corroboration of habitat association with differences in functional traits and, to a lesser extent, measures of performance provides an explanation for the regional coexistence of these species pairs. We suggest that specialization to seasonally flooded habitats may explain patterns of adaptive radiation in many tropical tree genera and thereby provide a substantial contribution to regional tree diversity.
ISSN: 0012-9658

hal-01031746
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01031746

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Functional trait variation and sampling strategies in species-rich plant communities
Auteur(s) : Baraloto, Christopher PAINE, Timothy Charles Eliot Patino, Sandra Bonal, Damien Herault, Bruno Chave, Jérôme
Auteurs secondaires : Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - AgroParisTech - Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] - CNRS Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières (EEF) ; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) - Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé :
1. Despite considerable interest in the application of plant functional traits to questions of community assembly and ecosystem structure and function, there is no consensus on the appropriateness of sampling designs to obtain plot-level estimates in diverse plant communities. 2. We measured 10 plant functional traits describing leaf and stem morphology and ecophysiology for all trees in nine 1-ha plots in terra firme lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana (N = 4709). 3.We calculated, by simulation, the mean and variance in trait values for each plot and each trait expected under seven sampling methods and a range of sampling intensities. Simulated sampling methods included a variety of spatial designs, as well as the application of existing data base values to all individuals of a given species. 4. For each trait in each plot, we defined a performance index for each sampling design as the proportion of resampling events that resulted in observed means within 5% of the true plot mean, and observed variance within 20%of the true plot variance. 5. The relative performance of sampling designs was consistent for estimations of means and variances. Data base use had consistently poor performance for most traits across all plots, whereas sampling one individual per species per plot resulted in relatively high performance. We found few differences among different spatial sampling strategies; however, for a given strategy, increased intensity of sampling resulted in markedly improved accuracy in estimates of trait mean and variance. 6. We also calculated the financial cost of each sampling design based on data from our 'every individual per plot' strategy and estimated the sampling and botanical effort required. The relative performance of designs was strongly positively correlated with relative financial cost, suggesting that sampling investment returns are relatively constant. 7. Our results suggest that trait sampling for many objectives in species-rich plant communities may require the considerable effort of sampling at least one individual of each species in each plot, and that investment in complete sampling, though great, may be worthwhile for at least some traits.
Functional Ecology

hal-01032175
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032175
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01600.x

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Systematic literature review of reproductive outcome associated with residential proximity to polluted sites
Auteur(s) : Kihal-Talantikite, Wahida Zmirou-Navier, Denis Padilla, Cindy Deguen, Séverine
Auteurs secondaires : Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Lorraine (UL) École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail [Rennes] (Irset) ; Université d'Angers (UA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
This study aims to assess the evidence on adverse pregnancy outcome associated with living close to polluted industrial sites, and identify the strengths and weaknesses of published epidemiological studies. A systematic literature search has been performed on all epidemiological studies published in developed countries since 1990, on the association between residential proximity to industrial sites (hazardous waste sites, industrial facilities and landfill sites) and adverse pregnancy outcome (low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, intrauterine growth retardation, infant mortality, congenital malformation). Based on 41 papers, our review reveals an excess risk of reproductive morbidity. However, no studies show significant excess risk of mortality including fetal death, neonatal or infant mortality and stillbirth. All published studies tend to show an increased risk of congenital abnormalities, yet not all are statistically significant. All but two of these studies revealed an excess risk of low birth weight. Results for preterm birth, small for gestational age and intrauterine growth retardation show the same pattern. There is suggestive evidence from the post-1990 literature that residential proximity to polluted sites (including landfills, hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities) might contribute to adverse reproductive outcomes, especially congenital malformations and low birth weight—though not mortality. This body of evidence has limitations that impede the formulation of firm conclusions, and new, well-focused studies are called for. The review findings suggest that continued strengthening of rules governing industrial emissions as well as industrial waste management and improved land use planning are needed.
ISSN: 1476-072X

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01547817
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01547817
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01547817/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01547817/file/s12942-017-0091-y.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/s12942-017-0091-y

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Notes on Haïti, made during a residence in that republic : in two volumes. Volume 2
Auteur(s) : Mackenzie, Charles (1788-1862)
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Personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of America, during the years 1799-1804 / by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland ; translated from the French of Alexander von Humboldt and edited by Thomasina Ross. Volume 1
Auteur(s) : Bonpland, Aimé (1773-1858) Humboldt, Alexander von (1769-1859)
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La rivière et les forêts Guyanaises
Auteur(s) : Perret, Jacques
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A sequel to an essay on the yellow fever : principally intended to prove, by incontestable facts and important documents, that the fever, called bulam or pestilential, has no existence as a distinct or a contagious disease
Auteur(s) : Bancroft, Edward (1744-1821)
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Six months in the West Indies
Auteur(s) : Coleridge, Henry Nelson (1798-1843)
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Camps in the Caribbees : the adventures of a naturalist in the Lesser Antilles
Auteur(s) : Ober, Frederick Albion (1849-1913)
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Claims on Hayti : message from the President of the United States
Auteur(s) : Committee on Foreign Affairs (United States House of Representatives)
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Secret anecdotes of the revolution of the 18th fructidor ; september 4th, 1797 ; and new memoirs of the persons deported to Guiana, written by themselves : containing Letters from Général Murinais, Messrs. Barthélemy, Tronçon-du-Coudray, Laffond-Ladébat, De la Rue, &c. &c... ; A Narrative of events that took place at Guiana subsequent to the escape of Pichegru, Ramel, &c. ; A Picture of the prisons of Rochefort, by Richer-Serisy ; An Authentic account of the captivity and escape of Sir Sydney Smith ; A Memoire by Barbé-Marbois, &c. &c. ; Forming a sequel to the "Narrative of General Ramel"
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