Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Purpose The objective of this article was to estimate the social cost of respiratory cancer cases attributable to occupational risk factors in France in 2010. Methods According to the attributable fraction method and based on available epidemiological data from the lit- erature, we estimated the number of respiratory cancer cases due to each identified risk factor. We used the cost- of-illness method with a prevalence-based approach. We took into account the direct and indirect costs. We estimated the cost of production losses due to morbidity (absenteeism and presenteeism) and mortality costs (years of production losses) in the market and nonmarket spheres. Results The social cost of lung, larynx, sinonasal and mesothelioma cancer caused by exposure to asbestos, chromium, diesel engine exhaust, paint, crystalline silica, wood and leather dust in France in 2010 were estimated at between 917 and 2,181 million euros. Between 795 and 2,011 million euros (87-92 %) of total costs were due to lung cancer alone. Asbestos was by far the risk factor representing the greatest cost to French society in 2010 at between 531 and 1,538 million euros (58-71 %), ahead of diesel engine exhaust, representing an estimated social cost of between 233 and 336 million euros, and crystalline silica (119-229 million euros). Indirect costs represented about 66 % of total costs. Conclusion Our assessment shows the magnitude of the economic impact of occupational respiratory cancers. It allows comparisons between countries and provides valu- able information for policy-makers responsible for defining public health priorities.
ISSN: 1618-7598

halshs-00922838
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00922838
DOI : 10.1007/s10198-013-0528-6
PUBMED : 23974964

Éditeur(s) : María v. De Lines, Librería española ,imprenta María v. De Lines, Librería española ,imprenta ( San José Costa Rica )
Résumé : At head of title: República de Costa Rica. Secretaría de hacienda y comercio. Oficina nacional del censo. Jose Guerrero, director.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica

000121199
24467169
AAN7122

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D20-007

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-009

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa
Lafayette Street

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D20-008

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-014

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-0015

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Objective: To estimate the social cost of respiratory cancers attributable to occupational risk factors in France in 2010. Methods: We estimated the number of cases ofrespiratory cancers attributable to each identified occupational risk factor according to the attributable fractions method. We also estimated direct (costs of hospital stays, drugs, outpatient care) and indirect costs (production losses) related to morbidity (absenteeism and presenteeism) and mortality (years of lost production). Production losses for paid work and unpaid domestic activities were taken into account. Results: The social cost of respiratory cancers (lung, larynx, sinonasal, pleural mesothelioma) attributable to exposure to asbestos, chromium, diesel engine exhaust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, painting occupations (unidentified carcinogen), crystalline silica, wood and leather dust in France in 2010 was estimated to be between 960 and 1,866 million. The cost of lung cancer represents between 804 and 1,617 million. The three risk factors with the greatest impact are asbestos ((sic)530 to 890 million), diesel engine exhaust ((sic)227 to 394 million), and crystalline silica ( 116 to 268 million). Conclusion: These results provide a conservative estimate of the public health and economic burden of respiratory cancers attributable to occupational risk factors from a societal perspective.
ISSN: 0995-3914

hal-01659246
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01659246
DOI : 10.3917/spub.174.0509
PUBMED : 29034666

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Two major findings emerge from the theoretical analysis of Transport-Tourism link via a game theory type model of capacity coordination. Firstly the model explains the optimal capacities ratio of Transport and Tourism by the quotient of the ratio of tourism type (ratio of the length of stay in the destination and of transport duration) divided by the installation costs ratio (of transport and tourism).The corollary of this first finding gives the second outcome: The optimal transport and Tourism profit ratio is the product of the ratio of the type of tourism by the index of overcapacity conditions (a non linear combination of installation costs, and durations). From these results, it follows an interpretive grid that allows, according to tourism types, firstly to identify the optimal overcapacities by the difference between installation costs; and secondly the equilibrium ratio of profits according to the overcapacity direction and the tourism types.
Deux résultats ressortent de l’analyse théorique du lien Transport-tourisme via un modèle de coordination des capacités : l’expression et les déterminants des capacités et des profits optimaux relatifs du Transport et du Tourisme. L’article démontre que le rapport des capacités optimales de transport et de tourisme dépend du ratio comparatif de leurs coûts d’installation à celui inversé de leur poids relatif. Ce premier résultat a pour corollaire le second : le rapport d’équilibre des profits est le produit des indicateurs du type de tourisme (le ration des temps respectifs dans le transport et dans la destination) de la destination par celui identifiant les conditions de surcapacité relative. De ces résultats généraux, il suit une grille d’interprétation qui permet d’identifier d’abord le rapport optimal des capacités selon l’écart entre les coûts d’installation et le type de tourisme ; et ensuite le rapport d’équilibre des profits selon les sens des surcapacités relatives et le types de tourisme.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265798

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-01265798
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265798
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265798/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265798/file/TOURISME-TRANSPORT%20-%20CAPACITY%20COORDINATION%20VERS%20FRANC.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : Total lipid content and lipid class composition were analyzed in gonads, liver and white muscle of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) throughout ovary development to understand its reproductive allocation strategy and to assess the relation between female condition and reproduction. A total of 112 females were collected onboard purse-seiner in the Western Indian Ocean from January to March 2009, from June to July 2009, and from April to May 2010. Gonads were characterized by highly variable total lipid contents ranging from 5 to 27 μg mg−1 of wet weight (ww) with a predominance of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols (TAG) and sterol- and wax-esters. The different lipid classes in gonads described an accumulative pattern through the maturity process from immature to hydration phase. Total lipid content in liver varied from 10 to 21 μg mg−1 ww, and serves as fuel for yellowfin tuna reproduction. TAG and phospholipid deposits became depleted as the ovary developed, suggesting a transfer of lipids directly from liver to the oocytes during vitellogenesis. In contrast, muscle total lipid content was low and constant throughout ovarian development (2.5–6 μg mg−1 ww). Hence, yellowfin tuna can be defined as an income-capital breeder species for which the cost of reproduction depends mainly on concurrent energy income from feeding and only little on stored lipids. Besides, no significant relationship between gonad lipid composition and fecundity was found in females able to spawn. Finally, the influence of yellowfin tuna aggregation behaviour on reproductive female condition has been investigated: gonad total lipid contents were higher in females caught in free-swimming schools than in females caught under fish aggregating devices (FADs). However, these results did not clarify whether the influence of FADs on associated yellowfin tuna affects their reproductive capacity.
Fisheries Research (0165-7836) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2014-12 , Vol. 160 , P. 50-59

Droits : 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28266/28075.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2013.12.010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28266/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The impact of basal core promoter (BCP) and precore (PC) mutants of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) on liver disease severity remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to screen BCP and PC mutations in 252 HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive carriers in France and to assess relationships between these mutations and severe fibrosis. METHODS: Direct sequencing of the precore/core gene was used to detect A1762T/G1764A and G1757A mutations in the BCP and G1896A and G1899A mutations in the PC region. RESULTS: The prevalences of A1762T/G1764A, G1757A, G1896A, and G1899A mutations were 34.1%, 38.7%, 54.9%, and 29.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. The independent predictors of severe fibrosis (>/=F3 Metavir) were older age (P < 0.001), male gender (P = 0.012), elevated alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), and the double A1762T/G1764A mutant with no other mutations (P = 0.011). Interestingly, the association of the G1899A mutation with the double A1762T/G1764A mutant significantly counteracted the deleterious effect of the sole double A1762T/G1764A mutant (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28 vs. OR = 3.55, respectively, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with the A1762T/G1764A mutation have a higher risk of severe fibrosis. The G1899A mutation is a protective factor against severe fibrosis that counteracted the deleterious effect of the A1762T/G1764A mutation. Finally, host phenotypic and HBV genotypic markers independently predict fibrosis severity.
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

hal-01477209
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01477209
DOI : 10.1111/jgh.13338
PUBMED : 26992056

Résumé : Different seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) intensiv rearing technics have been experimented in the pilot scale unit of our laboratory. During these upscalfing operation, the results obtained allow us to compare costs related to each fingemng production method. Closed system combined with early weaning with an efficient micropellet saves at least 69 % of direct production costs by comparison with an open system with Arternia during larval phase. However if closed systems are commonly used by private hatcheries, larval micropellets are always at experimental step.
Cet article fait le point sue les coûts de production directs relatifs à différentes méthodes d'élevage intensif du loup (Dicentrarchus labrax). Il s'appuie sur des résultats zootechniques obtenus dans l'unité de démonstration à grande échelle de notre laboratoire. Par rapport à un système de production en circuit ouvert, le recyclage de l'eau permet de diviser par 2.2 les charges directes de production. Si les proies vivantes sont précédemment remplacées par une microparticule efficace, ces charges sont alors divisées par 3.2. Les techniques de recyclage de l'eau ont franchi les portes du laboratoire pour être couramment utilisées par les professionnels, alors que les aliments articifiels convenant au stade larvaire sont toujours au stade expérimental.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-1916.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1916/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : Growth defense tradeoff theory predicts that plants in low-resource habitats invest more energy in defense mechanisms against natural enemies than growth, whereas plants in high-resource habitats can afford higher leaf loss rates. A less-studied defense against herbivores involves the synchrony of leaf production, which can be an effective defense strategy if leaf biomass production exceeds the capacity of consumption by insects. The aim of this study was to determine whether leaf synchrony varied across habitats with different available resources and whether insects were able to track young leaf production among tree habitat specialists in a tropical forest of French Guiana. We predicted that high-resource habitats would exhibit more synchrony in leaf production due to the low cost and investment to replace leaf tissue. We also expected closer patterns of leaf synchrony and herbivory within related species, assuming that they shared herbivores. We simultaneously monitored leaf production and herbivory rates of five pairs of tree species, each composed of a specialist of terra firme or white-sand forests within the same lineage. Our prediction was not supported by the strong interaction of habitat and lineage for leaf synchrony within individuals of the same species; although habitat specialists differed in leaf synchrony within four of five lineages, the direction of the effect was variable. All species showed short time lags for the correlation between leaf production and herbivory, suggesting that insects are tightly tracking leaf production, especially for the most synchronous species. Leaf synchrony may provide an important escape defense against herbivores, and its expression appears to be constrained by both evolutionary history and environmental factors.
ISSN: 1385-0237

hal-01204221
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01204221
DOI : 10.1007/s11258-013-0290-y
PRODINRA : 288500

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) is a non-bacterial seafood poisoning well characterized in the remote archipelagos of French Polynesia, yet poorly documented in the Society archipelago, most notably on Moorea, the second most populated island in French Polynesia, which counts a high proportion of fishermen fishing on a regular basis. To address this knowledge gap, a holistic study of the ciguatera issue was conducted on Moorea. First, ciguatera risk was analysed in terms of incidence rate, fish species most commonly involved and risk stratification in Moorea lagoon based on 2007–2013 epidemiological data. A mean incidence rate of 8 cases per 10,000 inhabitants for the study period and an average under-reporting rate of 54% were found. Taking into account hospitalization and medication fees, and loss of productive days, the health-related costs due to CFP were estimated to be USD $1613 and $749 for each reported and unreported case, respectively, with an overall cost of USD $241,847 for the study period. Comparison of the present status of CFP on Moorea with a risk map established in the late 1970’s showed that the spatial distribution of the risk has stayed relatively stable in time, with the north shore of the island remaining the most prone to ciguatera. Evaluation of the current knowledge on CFP among different populations groups, i.e. fishermen, residents and visitors, was also conducted through direct and indirect interviews. About half of the fishermen interviewed were actually able to identify risky fishing areas. While, overall, the CFP risk perception in the fishing community of Moorea seemed accurate, although not scientifically complete, it was sufficient for the safe practice of their fishing activities. This may be due in part to adaptive responses adopted by 36% of the fishermen interviewed, such as the avoidance of either high-risk fishing sites or toxic species. At the residents and visitors’ level, the study points out a striking lack of awareness of the CFP issue among visitors, as compared to local residents. Indeed, less than 25% of Moorea visitors vs. an average of 98% in residents were aware of CFP or of its presence on the island. Interestingly, evaluation of the fish consumption preferences showed that 70% of visitors do not consume lagoon fish during their stay, not for fear of CFP, but mainly due to the lack of availability of these species in recreational facilities or because they have nutritional preference for pelagic fish. This lack of awareness, along with the report by several CFP patients of the consumption of fish species yet banned for sale, stress the need for improved communication efforts on this critical issue among both residents and visitors on Moorea. The implementation of a public outreach strategy is proposed, based on both existing information networks and low-cost communication actions through information displays at various strategic locations, e.g. Tahiti-Faa’a international airport, the ferry boat station, recreational facilities, as well as the major trading points on Moorea Island.
ISSN: 1568-9883

hal-01391648
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01391648
DOI : 10.1016/j.hal.2016.10.003

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Two major findings emerge from the theoretical analysis of Transport-Tourism link via a game theory type model of capacity coordination. Firstly the model explains the optimal capacities ratio of Transport and Tourism by the quotient of the ratio of tourism type (ratio of the length of stay in the destination and of transport duration) divided by the installation costs ratio (of transport and tourism).The corollary of this first finding gives the second outcome: The optimal transport and Tourism profit ratio is the product of the ratio of the type of tourism by the index of overcapacity conditions (a non linear combination of installation costs, and durations). From these results, it follows an interpretive grid that allows, according to tourism types, firstly to identify the optimal overcapacities by the difference between installation costs; and secondly the equilibrium ratio of profits according to the overcapacity direction and the tourism types.
Deux résultats ressortent de l’analyse théorique du lien Transport-tourisme via un modèle de coordination des capacités : l’expression et les déterminants des capacités et des profits optimaux relatifs du Transport et du Tourisme. L’article démontre que le rapport des capacités optimales de transport et de tourisme dépend du ratio comparatif de leurs coûts d’installation à celui inversé de leur poids relatif. Ce premier résultat a pour corollaire le second : le rapport d’équilibre des profits est le produit des indicateurs du type de tourisme (le ration des temps respectifs dans le transport et dans la destination) de la destination par celui identifiant les conditions de surcapacité relative. De ces résultats généraux, il suit une grille d’interprétation qui permet d’identifier d’abord le rapport optimal des capacités selon l’écart entre les coûts d’installation et le type de tourisme ; et ensuite le rapport d’équilibre des profits selon les sens des surcapacités relatives et le types de tourisme.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265818

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-01265818
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265818
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265818/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01265818/file/TRANP-TOUR.pdf

Résumé : Marine capture fisheries in Jamaica is primarily artisanal in nature ansd is conducted maiinly by fishermen operating from canoes. Approximately 95% of these fishermen operate on the coastal shelf and its associated banks. The commercial species harvested comprise bottom-dwelling, coral reef species and free swimming species of finfish. Other fishery resources of commercial value include marine shrimp, conch and lobsters. Catch statistics are not available for all species, but the Department of Fisheries reports a slight decline in fishery production with production decreasing from 16 milion lbs in 1990, despite the fact that fishing efforts have doubled. Over this period the number of registered fishermen has grown from 12 000 to 16 000, al of whom are engaged in full-time fishing. There arealso part-time fishermen who are not registered. The decline in fish catch is accompanied by a decrease in fish size and quality, suggesting that the fisheries are under pressure and have already exceeded optimum production in relation to vailable resources. As a result the economic returns to fishermen are declining. There are also other problems, such as high incidence of conflicts among fishermen at sea, the high cost of purchasing boats, outboard engine fuel, and equipment, with together with the dangers involved in fishing offshore (piracy, and praedial larceny) create serious social ans economic difficulties for fishermen. Notwithstanding, there is an apparent move on the part of the fishermen to leave the industryor to seek alternative forms of employment. In fact, the Department ofFisheries reports that it is still reciving applications for new licences to operate fishing boats. This is probably due to the fact that where the basis of a community is fishing, it becomes difficult to introduce alternative forms of employment, such as cottage industries, village crafts and other trades. In 1987 the Jamaica Department of Fisheries prepared a Management plan which proposed several conservation measures to promote the efficient use of fisheries resources and to control the development of the Fishery in such a way that the country would receive highest benefits. Adequate attention was given to limitations on fishing gear, institution of closed seasons and related legislation. Strategies to diversify the marine fishing were also proposed. The 1990 five year Devlopment Plan for marine fisheries also focuses on proper resource management in order to reverse trends associated with the overexploitation of marine resources. According to the plan, emphasis will be placed on inland fisheries and mariculture in order to reduce pressure on the fisheries. Inland fisheries in the form of freshwater fish fanning has expanded significantly over the past 10 years with production increasing from less than 0,5 million lbs. in 1980 to in excess of 6.0 million lbs. in 1989. However, some freshwater fish farmers are already experiencing serious competition for water usage and, to a lesser extent for land from crop-producing farmers. The Ministry of Agriculture is of the view that marine cage culture technologically has the potential for introduction in Jamaica . This technologyhas been successfully developed in Norway and the technology is currentlty being experimentally utilized in several countries in the area. The technology, if widely utilized in Jamaica, couls significantly reduce pressure on fisheries, making fishing more cost effective and improve the economic returns to fishermen. Already there exist some technical and institutional capabilities in Jamaica to support commercial development of marine cage culture. The Department of Fisheries has highly trained personnel in aquaculture and marine fisherie, some of whom are directly responsible for the success of freshwater fish fanning. In adition, the Marine Laboratory at the Univesity of the West Indies (UWI) is caarying research on hatchery facilities for marine cage farming. The Department of Fisheries will seek the collaboration ofg the marine unit at UWI which could provide fingerlings of selected marine species for cage 1
Les pêcheries de captage marin en Jamaïque sont principalement de nature artisanale et elles sont dirigées principalement par les pêcheurs qui travaillent depuis des canoës. Environ 95 % de ces pêcheurs travaillent sur la plaine côtière et ses bancs associés. Les espèces commerciales récoltées comprennent les espèces benthiques, les espèces de corail et les espèces de poisson marin de nage libre. D'autres ressources de pêcheries de valeur commerciale comprennent la crevette, la conque et le homard. Les statistiques des pêches ne sont pas disponibles pour toutes les espèces, mais le Département des Pêcheries fait état d'une légère réduction de production de pêcheries, la production se réduisant de 16 millions de livres en 1990, en dépit du fait que les efforts de la pêche ont doublé. Sur cette période le nombre de pêcheurs inscrits a augmenté de 12 000 à 16 000, dont tous sont occupés à plein temps à la pêche. Il y a aussi des pêcheurs à mi-temps qui ne sont pas inscrits. La réduction des pêches est accompagnée d'une réduction de la taille et la qualité des poissons, ce qui implique que les pêcheries sont sous pression et qu'elles ont déjà dépassé la production optimum par rapport aux ressources disponibles. En conséquence, les rendements pour les pêcheurs sont en baisse. Il y a aussi d'autres problèmes, tels qu'un taux élevé de conflits entre les pêcheurs en mer, le coût élevé pour acheter les bateaux, le combustible pour les moteurs hors-bord, et le matériel, ainsi que les dangers impliqués dans la pêche offshore (le piratage, et le vol prédial) ont créé de graves problèmes sociaux et économiques pour les pêcheurs. Néanmoins, il y a une tendance évidente chez les pêcheurs de quitter l'industrie ou de chercher du travail dans d'autres domaines. En fait, le Département des Pêcheries signale qu'il continue de recevoir des demandes de nouveaux permis pour opérer les bateaux de pêche. Ceci est probablement attribuable au fait que là où la base d'une communauté est la pêche, il est difficile d'y introduire des formes alternatives de travail, telles que l'industrie artisanale, l'artisanat de village ou d'autres métiers. Le Département des Pêcheries de la Jamaïque a préparé en 1987 un Projet de gestion qui proposait plusieurs mesures de conservation afin d'encourager l'utilisation efficace des ressources des pêcheries et de contrôler le développement de la Pêcherie de manière que le pays touche le plus de bénéfices. Une attention adéquate a été prêtée aux limitations sur les engins de la pêche, l'établissement de saisons de clôture et les législations associées. Des stratégies pour diversifier la pêche marine ont aussi été proposées. Le Plan de développement quinquennal de 1990 pour les pêcheries marines met l'accent aussi sur la gestion de ressources appropriée afin de faire reculer les tendances associées à la surexploitation des ressources marines. Selon le plan, l'accent sera mis sur les pêcheries intérieures et la mariculture afin de réduire la pression sur les pêcheries. Les pêcheries intérieures, sous la forme de l'élevage de poissons en eau douce, ont pris leur essor sur les 10 dernières années avec une production qui s'est élevée de moins de 0,5 millions de livres en 1980 pour atteindre en 1989 plus de 6.0 millions de livres. Cependant, certains pisciculteurs en eau douce expérimentent déjà une concurrence sérieuse avec les agriculteurs pour l'usage de l'eau et, dans une moindre mesure, de la terre. Le Ministère de l'Agriculture est de l'avis que l'élevage en cage marine a technologiquement le potentiel d'être introduit en Jamaïque. La technologie a été développée avec réussite en Norvège et plusieurs pays dans la région utilisent actuellement la technologie expérimentalement. La technologie, si elle était utilisée en Jamaïque, pourrait réduire de façon significative la pression sur les pêcheries, ce qui rendrait la pêche plus économique et améliorerait les rendements aux pêcheurs. Certaines capacités techniques et institutionnelles existent déjà en Jamaïque qui pourraient soutenir le développement de l'élevage en cage marine. Le Département des Pêcheries a un personnel bien formé en aquaculture et pêcherie marine, dont certains qui sont directement responsables du succès de la pisciculture en eau douce. Par ailleurs, le Laboratoire Marin à l'Université des Antilles (UWI) mène des recherches sur les installations d'écloseries pour l'élevage en cage marine. Le Département des Pêcheries demandera la collaboration de l'unité marine à l'UWI qui pourra fournir des saumoneaux d'espèces marines sélectionnées pour la cage 1.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-1918.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1918/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : In 1996 the European Commission Humanitarian Office (ECHO) launched a regional approach for disaster preparedness, focusing in its first phase on Central America, Caribbean and Southeast Asia (including Bangladesh). The first step in this process was the preparation of a «diagnostic study» that involved a situation review of the countries in these regions with regard to their vulnerabilities, disaster preparedness capacities and national plans or policies for disaster management.The Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters of the Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) served as ECHO’s principal technical support with the collaboration of other institutions in Europe and the regions.The present «diagnostic report», covering Central America and the Caribbean, has been carried out by the Centre International pour la Formation et les Echanges en Géosciences (CIFEG) under the supervision of Professor Robert D’Ercole (Université de Savoie, Chambéry).Mr. Thierry Lesales (Université des Antilles et de la Guyane) participated closely in the drafting of this report and was actively involved in the field missions with Mr D’Ercole where they met and interviewed numerous national officials, non-governmental organisations and regional and international bodies. Further assistance was provided by Claudine Misson (CRED) for the interviews and information collected in the Dominican Republic. The report also draws from an earlier mission undertaken by Dr. Philippe Masure (BRGM, France), Christian Bugnion (CRED) and Alexandra Angulo (CRED) who undertook some of the preparatory work for the diagnostic study.This report presents an analysis of the disaster preparedness situation in Central America and the Caribbean and provides some preliminary recommendations regarding priorities and future programme direction. As such it remains primarily a descriptive study. It is expected to form the basis for the formulation of the ECHO Disaster Preparedness Action Plan.
En 1996, la Oficina Humanitaria de la Comunidad Europea (ECHO) lanzó la iniciativa de un enfoque regional en materia de preparación a los desastres, concentrándose inicialmente en las regiones de América Central, Caribe y Asia del Sureste (incluyendo a Bangladesh). La primera fase de este proceso fue la preparación de un « diagnóstico» que implicaba un examen de la situación de los países de cada una de estas regiones en relación a la vulnerabilidad, la capacidad de preparación a los desastres y las políticas y planes nacionales en materia de gestión de desastres.El Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), de la Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), ha sido el principal apoyo técnico de ECHO para esta iniciativa, con la colaboración y asistencia de otras instituciones en Europa y en las regiones arriba mencionadasEl presente informe que cubre América Central y el Caribe, fue realizado por el International Centre for Training and Exchanges in Geosciences (CIFEG), bajo la dirección del Profesor Robert D'Ercole (Université de Savoie).Thierry Lesales (Université des Antilles et de la Guyane) participó de cerca a la realización de este documento y estuvo activamente implicado junto al Profesor D'Ercole en las misiones que se realizaron en varios países. En el curso de estas misiones, se entrevistaron con numerosos representantes de gobiernos nacionales, de ONGs y de organizaciones regionales e internacionales Se contó igualmente con la asistencia de Claudine Misson (CRED), quien realizó la misión en República Dominicana. El informe se basa igualmente en una misión anterior llevada a cabo por Philippe Masure (BRGM, France), Alexandra Angulo (CRED) y Christian Bugnion (CRED), la cual realizó parte del trabajo preparatorio para el diagnóstico.El informe presenta un análisis de la situación en América Central y el Caribe y provee recomendaciones preliminares para las prioridades y dirección del futuro programa. En el marco de la segunda fase, está destinado a servir de base para la formulación del Plan de Acción de Preparación a los Desastres de ECHO.
Depuis 1994, ECHO (Office Humanitaire de la Commission Européenne, devenu le service de la Commission européenne à l’aide humanitaire et à la protection civile) a financé, à l'échelle mondiale, de nombreuses opérations pour la prévention et la préparation aux catastrophes (catastrophes naturelles principalement) Ces financements ont répondu aux demandes d'ONG et d'organisations internationales qui ont-elles-mêmes mis en oeuvre les projets correspondants. Les évaluations de ces opérations ont donné des appréciations positives. Cependant, ECHO souhaite s'impliquer davantage dans la prévention et la préparation aux catastrophes et mieux cibler ses actions pour une plus grande cohérence d'ensemble.Au cours de la réunion du 16 juillet 1996, le Comité d'Aide Humanitaire a approuvé la nouvelle approche régionale proposée par ECHO pour son programme de prévention, d'atténuation et de préparation aux catastrophes, le DIPECHO (Dlsaster Preparedness ECHO), pour la période 1996—1998. Ce programme doit s'appliquer dans un cadre régional en concentrant d'abord ses financements sur des plans d'action dans les Caraïbes, en Amérique Centrale, en Asie du Sud-Est et au Bangladesh. Par ailleurs, au lieu de répondre exclusivement aux demandes de financements spécifiques d'ONG, d'organisations internationales et de gouvernements, ECHO souhaite préparer des plans d'action et déterminer les partenaires les plus appropriés pour une mise en oeuvre dirigée par ECHO même. En outre, le DIPECHO a pour objet de rendre plus efficace l'action de l'ensemble de l'Union Européenne, par une étroite coordination de son action avec celles de la Commission et des Etats Membres. Il est enfin prévu de faire précéder la préparation des plans d'action par une phase de diagnostic au cours de laquelle seront identifiés, pour chaque région, les risques, les structures et politiques de prévention existantes aux niveaux communautaire, national et régional, ainsi que les appuis extérieurs en cours et à venir. L'objectif est non seulement de déterminer les lacunes, mais également d'évaluer la cohérence et l'efficacité des systèmes de réponse dans leur ensemble......Dans ce contexte, une première mission exploratoire a été réalisée du 30 septembre au 12 octobre 1996 dans les Caraïbes et l'Amérique Centrale (quatre pays visités) et a débouché sur un premier rapport (A. Angulo, Ch. Bugnion, Ph. Masure, "Rapport de mission exploratoire dans les Caraïbes ct en Amérique Centrale pour DIPECHO").Ce rapport apporte de nombreuses informations et en particulier:(1) il définit le cadre conceptuel, insistant, à juste titre, sur le fait que la prévention et la préparation doivent être distinguées de l'aide d'urgence et qu'elles font partie d'un processus continu au même titre que le développement ;(2) il présente les principales organisations régionales et internationales, et leurs activités dans le domaine de la prévention et de la préparation;(3) il met en évidence les grands types de besoins et fournit les premières orientations pour le programme DIPECHO......Le présent rapport, constituant le diagnostic proprement dit, fait suite à une deuxième série de missions effectuées dans la même région. Il vise à compléter les apports de la mission exploratoire, notamment par:(a) une analyse des catastrophes et de leurs conséquences:(b) une évaluation comparée des risques dans la région;(c) une analyse détaillée des réalisations et des besoins en matière de réduction des risques et des conséquences des catastrophes naturelles ;(d) un examen des conditions actuelles pour un programme DIPECHO cohérent, réalisable et efficace, avec, en particulier, la prise en compte de l’organisation actuelle de la prévention et de la préparation dans la région et un état des appuis extérieurs ;- des propositions de lignes d'actions prioritaires pour le DIPECHO......Le diagnostic s'est appuyé sur une importante documentation : travaux scientifiques, études et rapports recueillis auprès du CRED-Université Catholique de Louvain, du CIFEG, du DHA, de l’IDNDR, de divers organismes sur le terrain (notamment le centre de documentation de San José au Costa Rica), et d'universités européennes (Université de Savoie. Chambéry, Université de Lausanne). Mais ce sont avant tout les nombreux entretiens menés lors des missions (près de 200) qui ont donné corps au diagnostic.Treize pays Ont été visités entre le 22/01 et le 07/03/1997 :- République Dominicaine (C Misson);- Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua et Cuba (R. D'Ercole) ;- Antigua, Barbade, Haïti, Jamaïque, Ste-Lucie, St-Maarten, St-Vincent et le Guyana (Th. Lesales).Leur choix a été déterminé en concertation avec ECHO, le CRED-UCL et le CIFEG. Ils ne recouvrent pas l'ensemble des pays qu'il aurait été théoriquement possible de visiter. Cependant, le choix de pays-clés, les contacts établis avec de nombreux organismes de portée régionale et la documentation consultée, ont permis de bâtir un diagnostic d'ensemble......L'étude comporte trois parties.La 1e partie constitue une analyse des catastrophes en termes de bilan et de risque. Il s'agit, à l'aide de cartes, notamment, de montrer les effets des catastrophes naturelles en Amérique Centrale et dans les Caraïbes, de présenter la répartition et la fréquence des aléas naturels et de procéder à une analyse de critères de vulnérabilité. L'objectif est, enfin, de déterminer des niveaux de risque, à l'échelle de la région, compte tenu des dangers naturels et des critères de vulnérabilité.La 2° partie est l'étude des actions entreprises dans la région, ces dernières années, afin de réduire les risques et les conséquences des catastrophes. Cette étude permet de dégager des lacunes et des besoins. Les différentes composantes entrant dans le processus de réduction des catastrophes sont retenues : recherche scientifique et technique, prévention stricto sensu, préparation, information / formation. L'accent est également placé sur les modes actuels d'application des politiques de réduction des risques : de l'approche sectorielle à l'approche intégrée.La 3e partie traite des conditions actuelles pour la mise en oeuvre d'un programme DIPECHO cohérent et efficace. Quatre aspects fondamentaux sont analysés: les particularités régionales et nationales (l'hétérogénéité et ses conséquences); les faiblesses et qualités institutionnelles aux différents échelons géographiques: les caractéristiques des organismes susceptibles de contribuer à la mise en oeuvre du DIPECHO; le rôle actuel et en perspective de la Communauté Européenne et des Etats Membres.Chaque partie comporte une conclusion partielle La conclusion générale reprend les idées force des conclusions intermédiaires ct débouche sur des lignes d'actions prioritaires recommandées pour le DIPECHO......L'étude confiée au CIFEG par le CRED-UCL et ECHO a été coordonnée par Robert D'Ercole (Département de Géographie, Université de Savoie, Chambéry, France). Elle a bénéficié de la collaboration de Thierry Lesales (Département de Géographie, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Martinique, France) et de Patrick Pigeon (Département de Géographie, Université de Savoie, Chambéry, France). Ont également contribué à la réalisation de celle étude: Claudine Misson (CRED-UCL, Belgique), Jean-Claude Napias (CIFEG, directeur), Jacques Giri (CIFEG, président), Sylvie Orlyk (CIFEG, secrétariat).
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01196496

hal-01196496
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01196496
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01196496/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01196496/file/D%27Ercole%20et%20al%201997%20Diagnostic%20DIPECHO%20Caraibes%20compressed.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Oxford Univ Press
Résumé : Biological reference points are important tools for fisheries management. Reference points are not static, butmay change when a population's environment or the population itself changes. Fisheries-induced evolution is one mechanism that can alter population characteristics, leading to "shifting" reference points by modifying the underlying biological processes or by changing the perception of a fishery system. The former causes changes in "true" reference points, whereas the latter is caused by changes in the yardsticks used to quantify a system's status. Unaccounted shifts of either kind imply that reference points gradually lose their intended meaning. This can lead to increased precaution, which is safe, but potentially costly. Shifts can also occur in more perilous directions, such that actual risks are greater than anticipated. Our qualitative analysis suggests that all commonly used reference points are susceptible to shifting through fisheries-induced evolution, including the limit and "precautionary" reference points for spawning-stock biomass, B-lim and B-pa, and the target reference point for fishing mortality, F-0.1. Our findings call for increased awareness of fisheries-induced changes and highlight the value of always basing reference points on adequately updated information, to capture all changes in the biological processes that drive fish population dynamics.
Ices Journal Of Marine Science (1054-3139) (Oxford Univ Press), 2013-07 , Vol. 70 , N. 4 , P. 707-721

Droits : 2013 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00151/26228/24302.pdf
DOI:10.1093/icesjms/fst077
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00151/26228/