Éditeur(s) : AMC : Association Mélanges Caraïbes AMC : Association Mélanges Caraïbes AMC : Association Mélanges Caraïbes
Extrait de : "Albert Camus, Aimé Césaire : poétiques de la révolte" : colloque, du 13 au 15 novembre 2013. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane
Description : Présentation du colloque et allocutions d'ouverture des officiels, suite à la présentation de l'association Mélanges Caraïbes. Une association ayant pour vocation la promotion et l'organisation d'événements culturels.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V14011
V14011
V14011
V14011

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
GYNECOLOGIE OBSTETRIQUE FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE

hal-01653280
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01653280
DOI : 10.1016/j.gofs.2016.12.017
PUBMED : 28238320

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
Background: HCV treatment uptake has drastically increased in HIV-HCV coinfected patients in France since direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment approval, resulting in HCV cure in 63% of all HIV-HCV patients by the end of 2015. We investigated the impact of scaling-up DAA on HCV prevalence in the whole HIV population and in various risk groups over the next 10 years in France using a transmission dynamic compartmental model.Methods: The model was based on epidemiological data from the French Dat’AIDS cohort. Eight risk groups wereconsidered, including high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) men who have sex with men (MSM) and male/female heterosexuals,intra-venous drug users, or patients from other risk groups. The model was calibrated on prevalence and incidence dataobserved in the cohort between 2012 and 2015.Results: On January 1, 2016, 156,811 patients were registered as infected with HIV in France (24,900 undiagnosedpatients) of whom 7938 (5.1%) had detectable HCV-RNA (722 undiagnosed patients). Assuming a treatmentcoverage (TC) rate of 30%/year (i.e., the observed rate in 2015), model projections showed that HCV prevalenceamong HIV patients is expected to drop to 0.81% in 2026. Sub-analyses showed a similar decrease of HIV-HCVprevalence in most risk groups, including LR MSM. Due to higher infection and reinfection rates, predicted prevalencein HR MSM remained stable from 6.96% in 2016 to 6.34% in 2026. Increasing annual TC rate in HR MSM to 50/70%would decrease HCV prevalence in this group to 2.35/1.25% in 2026. With a 30% TC rate, undiagnosed patients wouldaccount for 34% of HCV infections in 2026.Conclusions: Our model suggests that DAA could nearly eliminate coinfection in France within 10 years for most riskgroups, including LR MSM. Elimination in HR MSM will require increased TC.
ISSN: 1741-7015

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
inserm-01685739
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01685739/file/2017%2C%20Virlogeux%20-%20Modeling%20HIV-HCV%20coinfection.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/s12916-017-0979-1

Éditeur(s) : SéretB. & J.-Y. Sire, eds Paris: Soc. Fr. lchtyol. & IRD, 2000: 29-45
Résumé : Forty one manned submersible dives were carried out during 2 cruises in the Bay of Biscay covering a range of depth from about 100 to 2100 m. Chondrichthyan species were observed in most of the dives, some of them were easily identified and their behaviour could be studied. Twenty-two chondrichthyan species (9 sharks, 8 rays and 5 chimaeras) were recorded. Shark species were always seen active except Scyliorhinus canicula and Galeus melastomus. Some representatives were found motionless on the bottom, sometimes forming groups for the first species. Chimaeras appeared to strongly react to the presence of the submersible. The density of chondrichtyes and their relative frequency in the total fish assemblage were estimated, the results are globally consistent with former knowledge and the differences with results from trawl surveys are discussed. The observations presented here suggest peak of Chimaera monstrosa abundance at upper slope depth (200-500 m) that was not documented formerly for that area.
Quarante et une plongées en submersible habité ont été effectuées lors de 2 campagnes dans le Golfe de Gascogne par des profondeurs de 100 à 2100 m environ. Des Chondrichtyens ont été observés au cours de la plupart des plongées, 22 espèces (9 requins, 8 raies et 5 chimères) ont été identifiées et leurs comportements ont pu être étudiés. Les requins étaient toujours actifs sauf Scyliorhinus canicula et Galeus melastomus dont certains représentants ont été trouvés immobiles sur le fond, parfois en groupe pour la première espèce. Les chimères se sont montrées très réactives à la présence du submersible. Les densités et fréquences relatives pour l'ensemble des Chondrichtyens ont été estimées, les résultats sont globalement cohérents avec les estimations antérieures; les différences avec les estimations issues de chalutages sont discutées. Les observations présentées ici suggèrent qu'il existe un pic d'abondance de Chimaera monstrosa à la profondeur de la pente supérieure (200-500 m). Ce pic n'avait pas été observé précédemment dans cette zone.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/acte-2571.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2571/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVE: The WEGENT trial and other short-term studies suggested that azathioprine or methotrexate could effectively maintain granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) remission. Whether differences in relapse or adverse event rates would appear after discontinuation of those 2 maintenance regimens and longer follow-up remains unknown. METHODS: Long-term outcomes for the patients enrolled in the WEGENT trial were analyzed according to their randomization group. Parameters at trial entry were evaluated as potential prognostic factors for death, relapse or damage in multivariate models. RESULTS: Data were returned for 88.8% of the 126 original participants. Median [95% confidence interval] followup was 11.9 [11.3-12.5] years. For the azathioprine and methotrexate arms, respectively, the 10-year overall survival rates were 75.1% [64.8-86.9] and 79.9% [70.3-90.8] (P = 0.56), and relapse-free survival rates 26.3% [17.3-40.1] and 33.5% [23.5-47.7] (P = 0.29). No between-arm differences were observed for relapse, adverse events, damage, survival rates without severe side effects and survival rates without relapse and severe side effects. Considering only the 97 GPA patients, no between-arm survival differences were observed. Relapse-free survival was shorter for GPA than MPA patients but the multivariate analysis retained anti-PR3-ANCA-positivity, and not GPA, as being independently associated with relapse. CONCLUSION: This long-term analysis confirms that azathioprine and methotrexate are comparable options for maintaining GPA or MPA remission. Despite good overall survival, relapses, adverse events and damage remain matters of concern and further studies are needed to reduce them.
ISSN: 2326-5205

hal-01217989
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217989
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217989/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217989/file/Long-term%20outcomes%20of%20the%20WEGENT%20trial_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1002/art.39450

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The corrosion rates in the presence of some indole derivates, namely, 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole (norharmane) and 1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole (harmane), as inhibitors of C38 steel corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl solution, were measured by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, in the range of temperatures from 25 to 55∘C. Results obtained revealed that the organic compounds investigated have inhibiting properties for all temperatures. The inhibition was assumed to occur via adsorption of the indole molecules on the metal surface. Adsorption of indole derivates was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm. The apparent activation energies, enthalpies, and entropies of the dissolution process and the free energies and enthalpies for the adsorption process were determined by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance. The fundamental thermodynamic functions were used to collect important information about indole inhibitory behaviour.
international Journal of Corrosion

hal-01683120
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01683120
DOI : 10.1155/2013/139798

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Occupational exposure constitutes a common risk factor for lung cancer. We observed molecular alterations in 73% of never-smokers, 35% of men and 8% of women were exposed to at least one occupational carcinogen. We report herein associations between molecular patterns and occupational exposure.BioCAST was a cohort study of lung cancer in never-smokers that reported risk factor exposure and molecular patterns. Occupational exposure was assessed via a validated 71-item questionnaire. Patients were categorised into groups that were unexposed and exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), asbestos, silica, diesel exhaust fumes (DEF), chrome and paints. Test results were recorded for EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF and PIK3 mutations, and ALK alterations.Overall, 313 out of 384 patients included in BioCAST were analysed. Asbestos-exposed patients displayed a significantly lower rate of EGFR mutations (20% versus 44%, p=0.033), and a higher rate of HER2 mutations (18% versus 4%, p=0.084). ALK alterations were not associated with any occupational carcinogens. The DEF-exposed patients were diagnosed with a BRAF mutation in 25% of all cases. Chrome-exposed patients exhibited enhanced HER2 and PIK3 mutation frequency.Given its minimal effects in the subgroups, we conclude that occupational exposure slightly affects the molecular pattern of lung cancers in never-smokers. In particular, asbestos-exposed patients have a lower chance of EGFR mutations.
European Respiratory Journal

hal-01647080
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01647080
DOI : 10.1183/13993003.00716-2017
PUBMED : 29074543

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Résumé : International audience
[1] Zircons and monazites from 6 samples of the North Ayilari dextral shear zone (NAsz), part of the Karakorum fault zone (KFZ), have been dated with the U-Th-Pb method, using both ID-TIMS and SIMS techniques. The ages reveal (1) inheritance from several events spanning a long period between the late Archean and the Jurassic; (2) an Eocene-Oligocene magmatic event (similar to 35-32 Ma); (3) an Oligo-Miocene magmatic event (similar to 25-22 Ma), at least partly synkinematic to the right-lateral deformation; and (4) a period of metamorphism metasomatism (similar to 22-14 Ma) interpreted as thermal and fluid advection in the shear zone. The Labhar Kangri granite located similar to 375 km farther Southeast along the KFZ is dated at 21.1 +/- 0.3 Ma. Such occurrence of several Oligo-Miocene granites along the KFZ, some of which show evidence for synkinematic emplacement, suggests that the fault zone played an important role in the genesis and /or collection of crustal melts. We discuss several scenarios for the onset and propagation of the KFZ, and offset estimates based on the main sutures zones. Our preferred scenario is an Oligo-Miocene initiation of the fault close to the NA range, and propagation along most of its length prior to similar to 19 Ma. In its southern half, the averaged long-term fault-rate of the KFZ is greater than 8 to 10 mm/a, in good agreement with some shorter-term estimates based on the Indus river course, or Quaternary moraines and geodesy. Our results show the KFZ cannot be considered as a small transient fault but played a major role in the collision history.
ISSN: 0278-7407

hal-00412570
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00412570
DOI : 10.1029/2007TC002184

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Pituitary adenomas are currently classified by histological, immunocytochemical and numerous ultrastructural characteristics lacking unequivocal prognostic correlations. We investigated the prognostic value of a new clinicopathological classification with grades based on invasion and proliferation. This retrospective multicentric case-control study comprised 410 patients who had surgery for a pituitary tumour with long-term follow-up. Using pituitary magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of cavernous or sphenoid sinus invasion, immunocytochemistry, markers of the cell cycle (Ki-67, mitoses) and p53, tumours were classified according to size (micro, macro and giant), type (PRL, GH, FSH/LH, ACTH and TSH) and grade (grade 1a: non-invasive, 1b: non-invasive and proliferative, 2a: invasive, 2b: invasive and proliferative, and 3: metastatic). The association between patient status at 8-year follow-up and age, sex, and classification was evaluated by two multivariate analyses assessing disease- or recurrence/progression-free status. At 8 years after surgery, 195 patients were disease-free (controls) and 215 patients were not (cases). In 125 of the cases the tumours had recurred or progressed. Analyses of disease-free and recurrence/progression-free status revealed the significant prognostic value (p < 0.001; p < 0.05) of age, tumour type, and grade across all tumour types and for each tumour type. Invasive and proliferative tumours (grade 2b) had a poor prognosis with an increased probability of tumour persistence or progression of 25- or 12-fold, respectively, as compared to non-invasive tumours (grade 1a). This new, easy to use clinicopathological classification of pituitary endocrine tumours has demonstrated its prognostic worth by strongly predicting the probability of post-operative complete remission or tumour progression and so could help clinicians choose the best post-operative therapy.
ISSN: 0001-6322

hal-00875723
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875723
DOI : 10.1007/s00401-013-1084-y
PUBMED : 23400299

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Congrès de la SPTC - Société de Pharmaco-Toxicologie Cellulaire
Paris, France

hal-01122677
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01122677

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : We present new results from the MARADJA'03 cruise depicting the geological structures offshore central and western Algeria. Using swath bathymetry and seismic reflection data, we map and discuss the offshore limits of the Internal Zones corresponding to relics of the AIKaPeCa domain that drifted and collided the African plate during the Miocene. We identify large reverse faults and folds that reactivate part of these limits and are still active today. The morphology of the westernmost NE-SW margin suggests a former strike-slip activity accommodating a westward block translation responsible for the shift of the Internal Zones towards the Moroccan Rif.
Nous présentons les résultats récents de la campagne MARADJA'03, qui visent à mettre en évidence les structures géologiques dans le domaine marin au nord-ouest de l'Algérie. Grâce aux données de bathymétrie multifaisceau et de sismique réflexion, nous cartographions et discutons les limites en mer des Zones internes correspondant aux reliques du domaine AlKaPeCa qui a dérivé, puis est entré en collision avec la plaque africaine au Miocène. De grandes failles inverses et plis, actifs dans le champ de contrainte actuel, réactivent certaines de ces limites. La marge ouest-algérienne, orientée NE¿SW, indique la présence d'une ancienne activité en décrochement ayant accommodé la translation des Zones internes vers l'ouest.
Comptes Rendus Geoscience (1631-0713) (Elsevier), 2006 , Vol. 338 , N. 1-2 , P. 80-91

Droits : 2005 Académie des sciences Published by Elsevier SAS
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1211.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.crte.2005.11.009
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1211/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins act as morphogens to control embryonic patterning and development in a variety of organ systems. Post-translational covalent attachment of cholesterol and palmitate to Hh proteins are critical for multimerization and long range signaling potency. However, the biological impact of lipid modifications on Hh ligand distribution and signal reception in humans remains unclear. In the present study, we report a unique case of autosomal recessive syndromic 46,XY Disorder of Sex Development (DSD) with testicular dysgenesis and chondrodysplasia resulting from a homozygous G287V missense mutation in the hedgehog acyl-transferase (HHAT) gene. This mutation occurred in the conserved membrane bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) domain and experimentally disrupted the ability of HHAT to palmitoylate Hh proteins such as DHH and SHH. Consistent with the patient phenotype, HHAT was found to be expressed in the somatic cells of both XX and XY gonads at the time of sex determination, and Hhat loss of function in mice recapitulates most of the testicular, skeletal, neuronal and growth defects observed in humans. In the developing testis, HHAT is not required for Sertoli cell commitment but plays a role in proper testis cord formation and the differentiation of fetal Leydig cells. Altogether, these results shed new light on the mechanisms of action of Hh proteins. Furthermore, they provide the first clinical evidence of the essential role played by lipid modification of Hh proteins in human testicular organogenesis and embryonic development.
ISSN: 1553-7390

hal-01063929
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063929
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004340
PUBMED : 24784881

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Up-to-date estimates of the health outcomes of preterm children are needed for assessing perinatal care, informing parents, making decisions about care, and providing evidence for clinical guidelines. To determine survival and neonatal morbidity of infants born from 22 through 34 completed weeks' gestation in France in 2011 and compare these outcomes with a comparable cohort in 1997. The EPIPAGE-2 study is a national, prospective, population-based cohort study conducted in all maternity and neonatal units in France in 2011. A total of 2205 births (stillbirths and live births) and terminations of pregnancy at 22 through 26 weeks' gestation, 3257 at 27 through 31 weeks, and 1234 at 32 through 34 weeks were studied. Cohort data were collected from January 1 through December 31, 1997, and from March 28 through December 31, 2011. Analyses for 1997 were run for the entire year and then separately for April to December; the rates for survival and morbidities did not differ. Data are therefore presented for the whole year in 1997 and the 8-month and 6-month periods in 2011. Survival to discharge and survival without any of the following adverse outcomes: grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 or higher), or necrotizing enterocolitis (stages 2-3). A total of 0.7% of infants born before 24 weeks' gestation survived to discharge: 31.2% of those born at 24 weeks, 59.1% at 25 weeks, and 75.3% at 26 weeks. Survival rates were 93.6% at 27 through 31 weeks and 98.9% at 32 through 34 weeks. Infants discharged home without severe neonatal morbidity represented 0% at 23 weeks, 11.6% at 24 weeks, 30.0% at 25 weeks, 47.5% at 26 weeks, 81.3% at 27 through 31 weeks, and 96.8% at 32 through 34 weeks. Compared with 1997, the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity in 2011 increased by 14.4% (P < .001) at 25 through 29 weeks and 6% (P < .001) at 30 through 31 weeks but did not change appreciably for those born at less than 25 weeks. The rates of antenatal corticosteroid use, induced preterm deliveries, cesarean deliveries, and surfactant use increased significantly in all gestational-age groups, except at 22 through 23 weeks. The substantial improvement in survival in France for newborns born at 25 through 31 weeks' gestation was accompanied by an important reduction in severe morbidity, but survival remained rare before 25 weeks. Although improvement in survival at extremely low gestational age may be possible, its effect on long-term outcomes requires further studies. The long-term results of the EPIPAGE-2 study will be informative in this regard.
ISSN: 2168-6211

hal-01258705
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01258705
PUBMED : 25621457
DOI : 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3351

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Medical Association (AMA)
Résumé : International audience
IMPORTANCE Although frequently used in treating intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis, empirical antifungal therapy, initiated for suspected fungal infection, has not been shown to improve outcome. OBJECTIVE To determine whether empirical micafungin reduces invasive fungal infection (IFI)-free survival at day 28. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study of 260 nonneutropenic, nontransplanted, critically ill patients with ICU-acquired sepsis, multiple Candida colonization, multiple organ failure, exposed to broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, and enrolled between July 2012 and February 2015 in 19 French ICUs. INTERVENTIONS Empirical treatment with micafungin (100mg, once daily, for 14 days) (n = 131) vs placebo (n = 129). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end pointwas survival without proven IFI 28 days after randomization. Key secondary end points included new proven fungal infections, survival at day 28 and day 90, organ failure, serum (1-3)-beta-D-glucan level evolution, and incidence of ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. RESULTS Among 260 patients (mean age 63 years; 91 [35%] women), 251 (128, micafungin group; 123, placebo group) were included in the modified intent-to-treat analysis. Median values were 8 for Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, 3 for number of Candida-colonized sites, and 99 pg/mL for level of (1-3)-beta-D-glucan. On day 28, there were 82 (68%) patients in the micafungin group vs 79 (60.2%) in the placebo group who were alive and IFI free (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35 [95% CI, 0.87-2.08]). Results were similar among patients with a (1-3)-beta-D-glucan level of greater than 80 pg/mL (n = 175; HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.85-2.33]). Day-28 IFI-free survival in patients with a high SOFA score (> 8) was not significantly different when compared between the micafungin vs placebo groups (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 0.96-2.94]). Use of empirical micafungin decreased the rate of new invasive fungal infection in 4 of 128 patients (3%) in the micafungin group vs placebo (15/123 patients [12%]) (P =.008). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among nonneutropenic critically ill patients with ICU-acquired sepsis, Candida species colonization at multiple sites, and multiple organ failure, empirical treatment with micafungin, compared with placebo, did not increase fungal infection-free survival at day 28.
ISSN: 0098-7484

hal-01405822
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01405822
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2016.14655
PUBMED : 27706483

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0305-7453

hal-01470808
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01470808
DOI : 10.1093/jac/dkw352
PUBMED : 27609051

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Questions: Several studies have described aggregated spatial patterns in tropical tree species. This study investigates aggregate dynamics of Vouacapoua americana (Aublet), a climax species whose spatial pattern is not simply related to light and soil conditions or to its short seed dispersal range. Location: Two rain forest sites: Nouragues and Paracou, in the Guiana Shield. Methods: We described the spatial pattern of tree locations and spatial autocorrelation of tree diameters, using statistics derived from Ripley's K. We particularly used methods to define analysis subplots according to local density or local mean diameter. We investigated relationships between spatial distributions of adults and saplings. Results: At both sites, populations of Vouacapoua demonstrated several nested levels of aggregation. Tree diameters were spatially autocorrelated, revealing the existence of clusters with similar diameters. In the largest aggregates, tree diameters declined from the centre to the edge. Regeneration was aggregated and occurred mainly at cluster edges and around rare isolated trees, and sapling densities and basal area of adults were negatively correlated. We show that long-distance dispersal events are rare. Conclusions: Environmental factors and seed dispersal only explain part of the observed spatial patterns. We provide two main hypotheses about Vouacapoua population dynamics. First, the lack of regeneration in aggregate centres results in the ageing of existing aggregates. We suggest that this lack of recruitment close to mature trees is due to a Janzen-Connell effect. However, aggregates can continue to grow along colonization fronts. Second, long-distance dispersal events allow the formation of new clusters and play a crucial role in the colonization process. We investigate aggregate dynamics of Vouacapoua americana (Aublet) whose spatial pattern is not simply related to environmental conditions or to its seed dispersal. Regeneration does not occur in centers of aggregate of adults. We suggest that rare long-distance dispersal events and density-dependence predation of seeds and seedlings play a crucial role in formation of new clusters and structuration of larger aggregates.
ISSN: 1100-9233

hal-01502642
https://hal-agroparistech.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01502642
DOI : 10.1111/jvs.12080

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVES: Tracheobronchial stenosis (TBS) is noted in 12-23% of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and includes subglottic stenosis and bronchial stenosis. We aimed to analyse the endoscopic management of TBS in GPA and to identify factors associated with the efficacy of endoscopic interventions. METHODS: We conducted a French nationwide retrospective study that included 47 patients with GPA-related TBS. RESULTS: Compared with patients without TBS, those with TBS were younger, more frequently female and had less frequent kidney, ocular and gastrointestinal involvement and mononeuritis multiplex. Endoscopic procedures included 137 tracheal and 50 bronchial interventions, mainly endoscopic dilatation, local steroid injection and conservative laser surgery, and less frequently stenting. After the first endoscopic procedure, the cumulative incidence of endoscopic treatment failure was 49% at 1 year, 70% at 2 years and 80% at 5 years. Factors significantly associated with a higher cumulative incidence of treatment failure were a shorter time from GPA diagnosis to endoscopic procedure [hazard ratio (HR) 1.08 (95% CI 1.01, 1.14); P = 0.01] and a bronchial stenosis [HR 1.96 (95% CI 1.28, 3.00); P = 0.002]. A prednisone dose ≥30 mg/day at the time of the procedure was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of treatment failure [HR 0.53 (95% CI 0.31, 0.89); P = 0.02]. CONCLUSION: TBS represents severe and refractory manifestations with a high rate of restenosis. High-dose systemic CSs at the time of the procedure and increased time from GPA diagnosis to bronchoscopic intervention are associated with a better event-free survival. In contrast, bronchial stenoses are associated with a higher rate of restenosis than subglottic stenosis.
ISSN: 1462-0324

hal-01155105
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01155105
DOI : 10.1093/rheumatology/kev129
PUBMED : 26001634

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Coral reef resource systems are complex adaptive social-ecological systems providing vital and valuableecosystem services for human societies such as food provision, coastal protection and recreational activities.Their sustainability is questioned in many places around the world as they experience combined effects ofmultiple chronic anthropogenic and natural drivers at local to global scales. From a management perspective,there is a crucial need to understand how the impact of these drivers cascade through the social-ecologicalsystem components. This study develops a transdisciplinary and participatory approach to investigating thesocial-ecological dynamics of a Polynesian coral reef coastal system. A preliminary conceptual model using theDriver-Pressure-State-Impact (DPSI) framework is first being built through participatory modeling workshops.Then, pressure-state relationships are assessed with the help of empirical datasets as a first step towards thevalidation of the DPSI model. Results shows striking social-ecological interactions with different patterns in thelagoon and in the fore reef. Local management should be: (1) less resource-focused to account more specificallyto the existing typology of actors; (2) more spatially-explicit to better distinguish management objectives andactions for the lagoon and the fore reef sub-systems; and (3) more coordinated with terrestrial agencies for acoherent land-sea connection and integration that would both (i) account for existing land-sea interactions and(ii) better reflect the Polynesian cultural heritage that considers nature from ridge to reef as a whole. Suchconceptual models of social-ecological systems are a useful tool to build exploratory scenarios to ultimatelysupport planning decision-making processes.
ISSN: 0308-597X

hal-01491968
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01491968
DOI : 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.01.014

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé :  
The forests in Cat Tien National Park, appear as a mosaic of different communities, distinct from each other with respect to their floristic and structural parameters. The objectives of this study are (1) to characterize the different formations occurring in the lowland part and (2) to identify the main successional trends in the area. Understanding forest succession is important for silviculture and restoration of forests and land rehabilitation, as adequate information on the ecological role of local species in the functioning of the forests is not available in Vietnam. Five plots (1 ha each) were established in the lowland part of Cat Tien National Park, where all the trees ≥ 10 cm d.b.h. (diameter at breast height) were located, measured and identified. A systematic sampling was made to assess the regeneration. Three plots (A, C and D) can be considered as secondary forests on the basis of their structural parameters. Plots A and C are dominated by Lagerstrmia calyculata and plot D by Dipterocarpus alatus. The other two plots can be regarded as mature forests. Plot B corresponds to a semideciduous formation dominated by Lagerstrmia calyculata and Fabaceae species, and plot E to an evergreen one dominated by dipterocarp species. The floristic composition of plots A and C will change in the future because dominant canopy species are rare or absent in regeneration. A correspondence analysis performed on the number of trees per species shows two kinds of successional trends: one from A to B on shallow and drier soils, and another from C to E on deeper and wetter soils.
ISSN: 0305-0270

hal-01032094
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032094
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00347.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The impact of basal core promoter (BCP) and precore (PC) mutants of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) on liver disease severity remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to screen BCP and PC mutations in 252 HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive carriers in France and to assess relationships between these mutations and severe fibrosis. METHODS: Direct sequencing of the precore/core gene was used to detect A1762T/G1764A and G1757A mutations in the BCP and G1896A and G1899A mutations in the PC region. RESULTS: The prevalences of A1762T/G1764A, G1757A, G1896A, and G1899A mutations were 34.1%, 38.7%, 54.9%, and 29.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. The independent predictors of severe fibrosis (>/=F3 Metavir) were older age (P < 0.001), male gender (P = 0.012), elevated alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), and the double A1762T/G1764A mutant with no other mutations (P = 0.011). Interestingly, the association of the G1899A mutation with the double A1762T/G1764A mutant significantly counteracted the deleterious effect of the sole double A1762T/G1764A mutant (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28 vs. OR = 3.55, respectively, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with the A1762T/G1764A mutation have a higher risk of severe fibrosis. The G1899A mutation is a protective factor against severe fibrosis that counteracted the deleterious effect of the A1762T/G1764A mutation. Finally, host phenotypic and HBV genotypic markers independently predict fibrosis severity.
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

hal-01477209
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01477209
DOI : 10.1111/jgh.13338
PUBMED : 26992056