Éditeur(s) : Editorial América Editorial América ( Madrid )
Résumé : At head of title: ... Luis de Terán, traductor.
The English original was published in 3 volumes, with title: Campaigns and cruises, in Venezuela and New Grenada, and in the Pacific ocean, from 1817 to 1830 ... Also, Tales of Venezuela: illustrative of revolutionary men, manners, and incidents ... London, 1831. Vol. 1 was translated into French, with title: Campagnes et croisières dans les états de Venezuéla et de la Nouvelle-Grenada: par un officier du 1er régiment de lanciers venézuéliens ... Paris, 1837. The present translation is from the French, but includes chapters 1 to 14 only.
Authorship attributed to Capt. Richard Longeville Vowell by Luis R. Zuloaga (cf. Bolstín de la Biblioteca nacional [Caracas] Jan. 1, 1925, p.163) and by José Toribio Medina (cf. Bibliographical essays; a tribute to Wilberforce Eames, 1924, p.81-84); to Capt. William D. Mahoney by Vicente Lecuna (cf. Cultura venezolana, June 1918, p.84-85).
Master negative held by: CUY.
South America
Venezuela
Colombia
Chile

000608088
28061166
ADD7214

Éditeur(s) : University of Florida University of Florida ( Gainesville, Fla. )
Résumé : (Thesis) Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 1965.
(Bibliography) Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-96).
Typescript.
Vita.
(Statement of Responsibility) by Richard Terrance Arbogast.
UF

Droits : Copyright [name of dissertation author]. Permission granted to the University of Florida to digitize, archive and distribute this item for non-profit research and educational purposes. Any reuse of this item in excess of fair use or other copyright exemptions requires permission of the copyright holder.
000432036
37517404
ACJ1540

Éditeur(s) : N. de Fer ( Paris )
Résumé : Possibly based on Blome's map: Kapp page 17, #52.
Map of Jamaica divided into parishes.
Vertical text watermark on center.
Numbered "128" in upper right corner.
Relief shown pictorially.
(Funding) Funded in part by the University of Florida, the Florida Heritage Project of the State University Libraries of Florida, the Institute for Museum and Library Services, and the U.S. Department of Education's TICFIA granting program.
(Statement of Responsibility) dresee sur des mémoires anglois par le Sr. de Fer.
Jamaica
Jamaica

Droits : This item is presumed to be in the public domain. The University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries respect the intellectual property rights of others and do not claim any copyright interest in this item. Users of this work have responsibility for determining copyright status prior to reusing, publishing or reproducing this item for purposes other than what is allowed by fair use or other copyright exemptions. Any reuse of this item in excess of fair use or other copyright exemptions may require permission of the copyright holder. The Smathers Libraries would like to learn more about this item and invite individuals or organizations to contact Digital Services (UFDC@uflib.ufl.edu) with any additional information they can provide.
002872409
APA3633
83468240
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00065776/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
Marine protist diversity inventories have largely focused on planktonic environments, while benthic protists have received relatively little attention. We therefore hypothesize that current diversity surveys have only skimmed the surface of protist diversity in marine sediments, which may harbor greater diversity than planktonic environments. We tested this by analyzing sequences of the hypervariable V4 18S rRNA from benthic and planktonic protist communities sampled in European coastal regions. Despite a similar number of OTUs in both realms, richness estimations indicated that we recovered at least 70% of the diversity in planktonic protist communities, but only 33% in benthic communities. There was also little overlap of OTUs between planktonic and benthic communities, as well as between separate benthic communities. We argue that these patterns reflect the heterogeneity and diversity of benthic habitats. A comparison of all OTUs against the Protist Ribosomal Reference database showed that a higher proportion of benthic than planktonic protist diversity is missing from public databases; similar results were obtained by comparing all OTUs against environmental references from NCBI's Short Read Archive. We suggest that the benthic realm may therefore be the world's largest reservoir of marine protist diversity, with most taxa at present undescribed.
ISSN: 0168-6496

hal-01383722
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01383722/file/Forster_2016_Benthic_protists.pdf
DOI : 10.1093/femsec/fiw120

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : 20 pp
We first analyze some atmospheric parameters measured in 2004 at the top of La Soufrière volcano: wind speed, pressure and temperature. Next, we study the stochastic process of the wind speed modulus which is of interest for prediction of pollution induced by the plume. We fit to the data various models : FARIMA, periodic trend plus multifractional Brownian noise, multifractal continuous cascades. The estimations show that they evoluate during some transition phases in response to environment changes. Thus, we finally suggest, for future works, some settings that should be more appropriate: time series with regime changes and stochastic processes in random environment.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00165572

hal-00165572
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00165572
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00165572/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00165572/file/Windsouf_v11.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 1752-0894

hal-01667978
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01667978
DOI : 10.1038/s41561-017-0028-x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Forest ecosystems have integral roles in climate stability, biodiversity and economic development. Soil stewardship is essential for sustainable forest management. Organic matter (OM) removal and soil compaction are key disturbances associated with forest harvesting, but their impacts on forest ecosystems are not well understood. Because microbiological processes regulate soil ecology and biogeochemistry, microbial community structure might serve as indicator of forest ecosystem status, revealing changes in nutrient and energy flow patterns before they have irreversible effects on long-term soil productivity. We applied massively parallel pyrosequencing of over 4.6 million ribosomal marker sequences to assess the impact of OM removal and soil compaction on bacterial and fungal communities in a field experiment replicated at six forest sites in British Columbia, Canada. More than a decade after harvesting, diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities remained significantly altered by harvesting disturbances, with individual taxonomic groups responding differentially to varied levels of the disturbances. Plant symbionts, like ectomycorrhizal fungi, and saprobic taxa, such as ascomycetes and actinomycetes, were among the most sensitive to harvesting disturbances. Given their significant ecological roles in forest development, the fate of these taxa might be critical for sustainability of forest ecosystems. Although abundant bacterial populations were ubiquitous, abundant fungal populations often revealed a patchy distribution, consistent with their higher sensitivity to the examined soil disturbances. These results establish a comprehensive inventory of bacterial and fungal community composition in northern coniferous forests and demonstrate the long-term response of their structure to key disturbances associated with forest harvesting. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 2199-2218; doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.84; published online 2 August 2012
ISSN: 1751-7362

hal-01546179
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01546179
DOI : 10.1038/ismej.2012.84

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Voting rules relying on k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) are an effective tool in countless many machine learning techniques. Thanks to its simplicity, k-NN classification is very attractive to practitioners, as it enables very good performances in several practical applications. However, it suffers from various drawbacks, like sensitivity to "noisy" instances and poor generalization properties when dealing with sparse high-dimensional data. In this paper, we tackle the k-NN classification problem at its core by providing a novel k-NN boosting approach. Namely, we propose a supervised learning algorithm, called Universal Nearest Neighbors (UNN), that induces a leveraged k-NN rule by globally minimizing a surrogate risk upper bounding the empirical misclassification rate over training data. Interestingly, this surrogate risk can be arbitrary chosen from a class of Bregman loss functions, including the familiar exponential, logistic and squared losses. Furthermore, we show that UNN allows to efficiently filter a dataset of instances by keeping only a small fraction of data. Experimental results on the synthetic Ripley's dataset show that such a filtering strategy is able to reject "noisy" examples, and yields a classification error close to the optimal Bayes error. Experiments on standard UCI datasets show significant improvements over the current state of the art.
ISSN: 0925-2312

hal-00664462
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00664462

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classification rule is still an essential tool for computer vision applications, such as scene recognition. However, k-NN still features some major drawbacks, which mainly reside in the uniform voting among the nearest prototypes in the feature space. In this paper, we propose a new method that is able to learn the "relevance" of prototypes, thus classifying test data using a weighted k-NN rule. In particular, our algorithm, called Multi-class Leveraged k-nearest neighbor (MLNN), learns the prototype weights in a boosting framework, by minimizing a surrogate exponential risk over training data. We propose two main contributions for improving computational speed and accuracy. On the one hand, we implement learning in an inherently multiclass way, thus providing significant computation time reduction over one-versus-all approaches. Furthermore, the leveraging weights enable effective data selection, thus reducing the cost of k-NN search at classification time. On the other hand, we propose a kernel generalization of our approach to take into account real-valued similarities between data in the feature space, thus enabling more accurate estimation of the local class density. We tested MLNN on three datasets of natural images. Results show that MLNN significantly outperforms classic k-NN and weighted k-NN voting. Furthermore, using an adaptive Gaussian kernel provides significant performance improvement. Finally, the best results are obtained when using MLNN with an appropriate learned metric distance.
Proceedings of the 10th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, ACCV 2010, November 8-12, 2010, Queenstown, New Zealand
Queenstown, New Zealand

hal-00664606
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00664606
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00664606/document
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00664606/file/mlnn_accvfinal.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IEEE
Résumé : International audience
Recent works display that large scale image classification problems rule out computationally demanding methods. On such problems, simple approaches like k-NN are affordable contenders, with still room space for statistical improvements under the algorithmic constraints. A recent work showed how to leverage k-NN to yield a formal boosting algorithm. This method, however, has numerical issues that make it not suited for large scale problems. We propose here an Adaptive Newton-Raphson scheme to leverage k-NN, N³, which does not suffer these issues. We show that it is a boosting algorithm, with several key algorithmic and statistical properties. In particular, it may be sufficient to boost a subsample to reach desired bounds for the loss at hand in the boosting framework. Experiments are provided on the SUN, and Caltech databases. They confirm that boosting a subsample -- sometimes containing few examples only -- is sufficient to reach the convergence regime of N³. Under such conditions, N³ challenges the accuracy of contenders with lower computational cost and lower memory requirement.
IEEE International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing
Southampton, United Kingdom

hal-00959125
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959125
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959125/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959125/file/BNNB_mlsp2013.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Cnidarians living in symbiosis with photosynthetic dinoflagellates (commonly named zooxanthellae) are exposed to high concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon illumination. To quench ROS production, both the cnidarian host and zooxanthellae express a full suite of antioxidant enzymes. Studying antioxidative balance is therefore crucial to understanding how symbiotic cnidarians cope with ROS production. We characterized glutathione peroxidases (GPx) in the symbiotic cnidarian Anemonia viridis by analysis of their isoform diversity, their activity distribution in the three cellular compartments (ectoderm, endoderm and zooxanthellae) and their involvement in the response to thermal stress. We identified a GPx repertoire through a phylogenetic analysis showing 7 GPx transcripts belonging to the A. viridis host and 4 GPx transcripts strongly related to Symbiodinium sp. The biochemical approach, used for the first time with a cnidarian species, allowed the identification of GPx activity in the three cellular compartments and in the animal mitochondrial fraction, and revealed a high GPx electrophoretic diversity. The symbiotic lifestyle of zooxanthellae requires more GPx activity and diversity than that of free-living species. Heat stress induced no modification of GPx activities. We highlight a high GPx diversity in A. viridis tissues by genomic and biochemical approaches. GPx activities represent an overall constitutive enzymatic pattern inherent to symbiotic lifestyle adaptation. This work allows the characterization of the GPx family in a symbiotic cnidarian and establishes a foundation for future studies of GPx in symbiotic cnidarians.
ISSN: 0300-9084

hal-01404424
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01404424
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01404424/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01404424/file/Pey_Characterization_of.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.10.016

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Within the framework of the international field campaign COPS (Convective and Orographically induced Precipitation Study), a large suite of state-of-the-art meteorological instrumentation was operated, partially combined for the first time. This includes networks of in situ and remote-sensing systems such as the Global Positioning System as well as a synergy of multi-wavelength passive and active remote-sensing instruments such as advanced radar and lidar systems. The COPS field phase was performed from 01 June to 31 August 2007 in a low-mountain area in southwestern Germany/eastern France covering the Vosges mountains, the Rhine valley and the Black Forest mountains. The collected dataset covers the entire evolution of convective precipitation events in complex terrain from their initiation, to their development and mature phase until their decay. Eighteen Intensive Observations Periods with 37 operation days and eight additional Special Observations Periods were performed, providing a comprehensive dataset covering different forcing conditions. In this article, an overview of the COPS scientific strategy, the field phase, and its first accomplishments is given. Highlights of the campaign are illustrated with several measurement examples. It is demonstrated that COPS research provides new insight into key processes leading to convection initiation and to the modification of precipitation by orography, in the improvement of quantitative precipitation forecasting by the assimilation of new observations, and in the performance of ensembles of convection-permitting models in complex terrain.
ISSN: 0035-9009

hal-00565513
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00565513
DOI : 10.1002/qj.752

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
The deeply branching Deinococcus-Thermus lineage is recognized as one of the most extremophilic phylum of bacteria. In previous studies, the presence of Deinococcus-related bacteria in the hot arid Tunisian desert of Tataouine was demonstrated through combined molecular and culture-based approaches. Similarly , Thermus-related bacteria have been detected in Tunisian geothermal springs. The present work was conducted to explore the molecular diversity within the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum in these extreme environments. A set of specific primers was designed in silico on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, validated for the specific detection of reference strains, and used for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of metagenomic DNA retrieved from the Tataouine desert sand and Tunisian hot spring water samples. These analyses have revealed the presence of previously undescribed Deino-coccus-Thermus bacterial sequences within these extreme environments. The primers designed in this study thus represent a powerful tool for the rapid detection of Deinococcus-Thermus in environmental samples and could also be applicable to clarify the biogeography of the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum.
ISSN: 2045-8827

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01560945
https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01560945
https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01560945/document
https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01560945/file/Theodorakopoulos-2013.pdf
DOI : 10.1002/mbo3.119

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : 15 pages
A Stochastic Differential Equation appearing in the statistical theory of turbulence is extended in random environment by assuming that its two parameters are switched by an unobserved continuoustime Markov chain whose states represent the states of the environment. A Dirichlet process is placed as a prior on the space of the sample paths of this chain, leading to a hierarchical Dirichlet model whose estimation is done both on simulated data and on real data of wind speed measured at the entrance of a mangrove ecosystem.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00455050

hal-00455050
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00455050
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00455050/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00455050/file/CSDA06_Srik_Hal.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Background : Biological communities are normally composed of a few abundant and many rare species. This pattern is particularly prominent in microbial communities, in which most constituent taxa are usually extremely rare. Although abundant and rare subcommunities may present intrinsic characteristics that could be crucial for understanding community dynamics and ecosystem functioning, microbiologists normally do not differentiate between them. Here, we investigate abundant and rare subcommunities of marine microbial eukaryotes, a crucial group of organisms that remains among the least-explored biodiversity components of the biosphere. We surveyed surface waters of six separate coastal locations in Europe, independently considering the picoplankton, nanoplankton, and microplankton/mesoplankton organismal size fractions.Results : Deep Illumina sequencing of the 18S rRNA indicated that the abundant regional community was mostly structured by organismal size fraction, whereas the rare regional community was mainly structured by geographic origin. However, some abundant and rare taxa presented similar biogeography, pointing to spatiotemporal structure in the rare microeukaryote biosphere. Abundant and rare subcommunities presented regular proportions across samples, indicating similar species-abundance distributions despite taxonomic compositional variation. Several taxa were abundant in one location and rare in other locations, suggesting large oscillations in abundance. The substantial amount of metabolically active lineages found in the rare biosphere suggests that this subcommunity constitutes a diversity reservoir that can respond rapidly to environmental change.Conclusions : We propose that marine planktonic microeukaryote assemblages incorporate dynamic and metabolically active abundant and rare subcommunities, with contrasting structuring patterns but fairly regular proportions, across space and time.
ISSN: 0960-9822

hal-01149637
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01149637
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01149637/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01149637/file/Logares_et_al_CurrentBiol_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2014.02.050

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Wind energy production is very sensitive to instantaneous wind speed fluctuations. Thus rapid variation of wind speed due to changes in the local meteorological conditions can lead to electrical power variations of the order of the nominal power output. The high variability of this renewable energy source can caused a disruptive effect on power quality and reliability, in non-interconnected island networks as in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). To palliate these difficulties, it is essential to identify and characterize the wind speed distribution over very short time intervals. This allows anticipating the eventuality of power shortage or power surge. Therefore, it is of interest to categorize wind speed fluctuations into distinct classes and to estimate the probability of a distribution to belong to a class. This paper presents a method for classifying wind speed distributions by estimating a finite mixture of Dirichlet distributions. The SAEM algorithm that we use provides a fine distinction between three wind speed distribution classes. It is a new nonparametric method for wind speed classification.
ISSN: 0960-1481

hal-01527881
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01527881
DOI : 10.1016/j.renene.2011.03.024

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IRD
Résumé : International audience
The number of satellites and remote sensing sensors devoted to earth observation becomes increasingly high, providing more and more data and especially images. In the same time the access to such a data and to the tools to process them has been considerably improved. In the presence of such data flow - and regarding the necessity to follow up and predict environmental and societal changes in highly dynamic socio-environmental contexts - we need automatic image interpretation methods. This could be accomplished by exploring some strengths of artificial intelligence. Our main idea consists in inducing classification rules that explicitly take into account structural knowledge, using Aleph, an Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) system. We applied our proposed methodology to three land cover/use maps of the French Guiana littoral. One hundred and forty six classification rules were induced for the 39 land-cover classes of the maps. These rules are expressed in first order logic language which make them intelligible and interpretable by non-experts. A ten-fold cross validation gave average values for classification accuracy, specificity and sensibility equal to, respectively, 98.82 %, 99.65% and 70%. The proposed methodology could be valuably exploited to automatically classify new objects and/or help operators using object-based classification procedures.
Symposium of the Latin American Society for Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Systems (SELPER)
Cayenne, French Guiana

ird-00797337
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00797337
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00797337/document
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00797337/file/Bayoudh_et_al_2012_FP_SELPER-086.pdf
IRD : fdi:010058343

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society, The
Résumé : International audience
Since its original description as a chordate, the Late Devonian Scaumenella mesacanthi has been interpreted alternately as a prochordate, a larval ostracoderm and an immature acanthodian. For the past 30 years, these minute specimens were generally considered as decayed acanthodians, most of them belonging to Triazeugacanthus affinis. Among the abundant material of `Scaumenella', we identified a size series of 188 specimens of Triazeugacanthus based on otolith characteristics. Despite taphonomic alteration, we describe proportional growth and progressive appearance of skeletal elements through size increase. Three ontogenetic stages are identified based on squamation extent, ossification completion and allometric growth. We demonstrate that what has been interpreted previously as various degrees of decomposition corresponds to ontogenetic changes.
ISSN: 1744-9561

hal-01545474
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545474
DOI : 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0950

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : 27 pages
Cascade Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE), a continuous time model for energy dissipation in turbulence, is a generalization of the Yaglom discrete cascade model. We extend this SDE to a model in random environment by assuming that its two parameters are switched by a continuous time Markov chain whose states represent the states of the environment. Moreover, a Dirichlet process is placed as a prior on the space of sample paths of this chain. We propose a Bayesian estimation method of this model which is tested both on simulated data and on real data of wind speed measured at the entrance of the mangrove ecosystem in Guadeloupe.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286131

hal-00286131
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286131
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286131/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286131/file/Srik11_PhysicaDDspace.pdf